Theories and Therapies Quiz

In the study of fear using Little Albert, how many pairings between the clanging and the rat did it take for Albert to show fear of the rat?

7 pairings

Which of the following options is not one of Aaron Beck's "cognitive errors" listed in the textbook?

Clients may engage in absolutist thinking that sees that world in shades of gray rather than black and white

According to what you read in the textbook about psychosexual stages, which is the best description of an oral fixation?

It is an exggerated desire for activities using one's mouth such as smoking or overeating.

Free association is best defined by which of the following options?

It is the uncensored uttering of all thoughts that come to mind

What is the purpose of free association?

It is to break through the walls of defense that block clients' insight into unconscious proccesses

Based on what you read about in the textbook, which of the following options is not one of the four messages that parents and educators can teach children to counteract the influence of media and video game violence?

Most people resolve conflict through the use of aggression and violent acts

The main idea of rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) best fits which of the following options?

People's beliefs about events, not just the events themselves, shape their responses to events

Which of the following options is the best description of anal retentive traits?

They are the excessive use of self-control and need for order

Which of the following options is the best description of how token economies have changed the behaviors of psychiatric patients and even children?

They have increased the activity and cooperation of patients and children

This type of psychologist helps people with psychological disorders adjust to the demands of life by evaluating problems such as anxiety and depression through interviews and psychological tests and helps clients resolve problems by changing self-defeating behavior:

clinical psychologist

_______________ psychologists use interviews and tests to define clients' problems but their clients typically have adjustment problems and not serious psychological disorders.

counseling

This possible effect of violence in the media refers to the effect of condoning or excusing violence characters in the media "get away" with violence or are rewarded for it.

disinhibition

According to Freud, which part of the personality operates on the reality principle?

ego

In which method of counterconditioning is the client exposed to the fear-evoking stimulus until fear is extinguished?

flooding

Which type of psychologist applies psychology to the criminal justice system and deals with legal matters such as whether a defendant is fit to stand trial for a crime, as well as consulting with attorneys and analyze offenders' behaviors and mental processes?

forensic psychologists

Which of the following types of therapy was named because the therapy founder wanted to help clients integrate conflicting parts of their personalities.

gestalt therapy

This type of psychologist studies the effect of stress on well-being issues such as headaches, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, and guide clients toward behavior patterns that lead to healthier outcomes.

health psychologists

Which of the following terms refers to the way that media and video game violence gets viewers "worked up" which might increase the likelihood of aggressive behavior?

increased emotional arousal

During which stage of Freud's theory of Psychosexual development are children's sexual feelings kept in the unconscious, prefer playmates of their own sex, and focus on school work?

latency stage

Of the following terms, which one refers to the way that media violence suggests ways for people to manage various social situations?

provision of aggressive scripts

__________ psychologists are employed by school systems to identify and assist students who have problems that interfere with learning, and help schools make decisions about student placement in special classes.

school

The part of the mind that is formed while a child learns moral standards and values of parents and other members of the community is called:

super ego

In which counterconditioning method are stimuli organized according to their ability to trigger anxiety, and then the stimuli are presented in order while the person using relaxation techniques?

systematic desensitization

In Freud's theory of personality, the part of the human mind that contains primitive instincts and is shrouded in mystery and is outside of one's awareness is called the:

unconscious mind

Which form of counterconditioning uses video game technology to mimic traumatic settings to help clients confront their fears?

virtual therapy