Theory Week 5

29. The poison control nurse receives a call from the caregiver of a young school-age child who may have ingested a poisonous substance. Which is the priority response by the nurse?

"Check breathing and heart rate."

52. The nurse is caring for a client with Alzheimer's disease. A family member states, "I am afraid I will go to bed one night, and the next morning my loved one will be missing from wandering off." What is the appropriate nursing response?

"Consider the Alzheimer's Association 'Safe Return' program."

71. The nursing instructor is teaching a nursing student about the definition of diversity. Which teaching will the nursing instructor include?

"Diversity demonstrates differences among groups of people."

42. Which nursing intervention reflects culturally appropriate care when addressing an African American client?

"Good morning, Mr. Smith. I am your nurse, John."

58. The nurse is preparing a female client for surgery. The client tells the nurse that she is a Jehovah's Witness and is afraid that the staff will administer blood to her during the procedure while she is under anesthesia. Which is the nurse's best response to the client?

"I will place a notice on your chart and report to the surgical team that you will not allow blood or blood products to be given."

66. The nurse is teaching an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) about fire safety. Which UAP statement requires immediate nursing intervention?

"Only certain members of the healthcare team can extinguish a fire."

77. When teaching a group of nursing assistants about race, which statement by the nursing assistant requires intervention by the nurse?

"People with common physical features share the same culture."

17. An English-speaking Hispanic male has undergone a resection of the colon. The nurse observes that the client is restless and is unable to sleep. What should be the nurse's initial statement to the client?

"Tell me what you are feeling."

73. A nurse is caring for a client after internal fixation of a compound fracture in the tibia. The nurse finds that the client has not had dinner, seems restless, and is tossing in bed. Keeping in mind that the client is a Latino, what is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

"Tell me what you are feeling."

21. Which are appropriately worded goals for a patient who is at risk for falling? Select all that apply.

"The patient will be able to walk from a bed to a chair safely while hospitalized." , "The patient will be free from trauma."

19. The nurse has been asked to administer a coping measurement instrument to a patient. What education would the nurse present to the patient related to this tool?

"This tool will help assess recent positive and negative events you are experiencing."

11. A staff nurse reports a medication error due to failure to administer a medication at the scheduled time. What is the charge nurse's best response?

"We'll conduct a root cause analysis."

22. An Asian American client is admitted to the health care facility with hypoglycemia. After the client is stable, the nurse discovers that the client has not had his prescribed medicines. The client believes that eating saffron will keep his blood sugar under control. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

"Why don't you take the medicines, too, and benefit from both?"

65. A nurse identifies the presence of smoke exiting the door to the dirty utility room. Place the nurse's actions in order of priority using the RACE model. 1. Pull the fire alarm. 2. Close unit doors and windows. 3. Shut the door to the utility room. 4. Provide emotional support to agitated patients.

1,3,2,4

6. The nurse is caring for four clients. Which does the nurse anticipate may have a latex sensitivity?

21-year old who cannot eat bananas

9. A nurse uses the Get Up and Go test to assess a patient for weakness, poor balance, and decreased flexibility. Place the following actions in the order in which they should be implemented when employing the Get Up and Go test. 1. Ask the patient to walk 10 feet and then to return to the chair. 2. Ask the patient to close the eyes. 3. Ask the patient to open the eyes. 4. Ask the patient to sit in a chair. 5. Ask the patient to stand.

4,5,2,3,1

103. The home health nurse is visiting a Jewish client who has a small container on the doorpost of the house. Which term best describes this container?

A mezuzah

59. A nurse is performing an assessment of a newly admitted hospital client and has documented the client as being a member of the Native American subculture. A subculture is best described as:

A unique cultural group that exists within the larger culture

11. A nurse who works with older adults is aware of the high incidence of falls among this population. Which individual exhibits a significant risk factor for falls?

A woman who is prone to episodes of low blood pressure

83. A nurse is caring for an older adult client at risk of injury due to confusion. The client has a stable gait. Which method of restraining should the nurse use?

Alarm-activating bracelet

4. A sentinel event refers to which situation?

An event that signals the need for immediate investigation and response.

23. A patient is the primary caregiver for a disabled family member at home, and has now been unexpectedly hospitalized for surgery. What action can the nurse take to enhance the coping ability of the patient?

Ask if there is another family member who can help at home while the patient is in the hospital.

89. The nurse is caring for a terminally ill client who is from Mexico. Which nursing intervention regarding spiritual care is appropriate?

Ask the client if a spiritual leader is desired. ,

12. The nurse is caring for an older Chinese adult male who is grimacing and appears restless after abdominal surgery. What is the nurse's best action?

Ask the patient about pain and assess vital signs.

48. When interviewing the client of Hindu heritage, which information should the nurse obtain to plan culturally sensitive care?

Assess the extent of the client's use of ayurveda.

32. Which should the nurse do to best prevent a patient from falling?

Assist the patient with ambulation

46. A Malaysian client is admitted to the health care facility with complaints of cramping pain in the abdomen and loose stools. Where should the nurse be seated when interviewing the client?

At more than one arm's distance

60. A home care nurse provides health education to parents regarding the care of their toddler. Which precaution should the nurse suggest the parents take to protect the toddler from drowning?

Avoid unattended baths for the toddler.

84. Two nurses are discussing appropriate care of culturally diverse populations and a nurse has made the point that the United States is diverse but anglicized. Why is the United States considered to be anglicized?

Because United States culture evolved primarily from the early English settlers

93. A patient has dysphagia. Which nursing action takes priority when feeding this patient?

Checking the mouth for emptying between every bite

110. Which is the first action the home-care nurse should employ to prevent falls by an older adult living at home?

Conduct a comprehensive risk assessment

57. A nurse educator is teaching a group of newly hired nursing assistants. Which hospitalized patient should they be taught is at the greatest risk for injury?

Confused middle-aged man

76. An African American client reports to the primary health center with complaints of itching and rashes after consumption of shellfish. On examination, the nurse finds a keloid on the client's back. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

Consider it as normal.

61. When giving a tepid sponge bath to an African American who has high fever, the nurse notices brown discoloration on the washcloth. What should the nurse's reaction be in this case?

Consider it to be normal in the client.

90. A resident brings several electronic devices to a nursing home. One of the devices has a two-pronged plug. Which rationale should the nurse provide when explaining why an electrical device must have a three-pronged plug?

Controls stray electrical currents

13. What interrelated constructs facilitate a nurse to become culturally competent?

Cultural desire, self-awareness, cultural knowledge, and cultural skill

22. The nurse is assessing the coping patterns of a newly admitted patient. What will the nurse include in this assessment? (Select all that apply.)

Current stressors as perceived by the patient , Recent weight changes ,Use of drugs or alcohol

14. A nurse is caring for an Asian American client immediately postpartum. As the client seems exhausted after delivery, the nurse offers her warm milk to drink. The client refuses, saying that her cultural belief does not permit her to have any food before 24 hours have passed. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

Describe the importance of the mother's nutritional status for lactation.

19. After evaluating the meal tray of a Jewish client, the nurse notices the client ate none of the meal. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

Determine why the client is not eating any of the meal

18. The home health-care nurse is visiting an elderly African American female client who is talking loudly. The client weighs 102 kg, is 5' 4" tall, and has a BP of 154/98. The client lives with her daughter, son-in-law, and two grandchildren. Which intervention should the nursing implement?

Discuss a weight-loss program for the client

107. Which clinical manifestation indicates that a further nursing assessment is necessary to determine if the patient is having difficulty swallowing? Select all that apply.

Drooling , Slurred speech , Debris in the buccal cavity

81. Which interventions should a nurse implement when assisting a patient to use a bedpan? Select all that apply.

Ensure that the bed rails are raised once the patient is on the bedpan. , Encourage the patient to help as much as possible when using the bedpan. , Raise to the semi-Fowler position once the patient is placed on the bedpan

56. A nurse is caring for a client with a urinary tract infection. The client is anemic and has a hemoglobin count of 8 mg/dl. Taking into consideration that the client is from a Mediterranean country, what should the nurse's most appropriate action be?

Ensure that the drug ciprofloxacin is not prescribed.

67. A 3-year-old child is admitted to the pediatric unit. Which should the nurse do to maintain the safety of this preschool-aged child?

Ensure the child is under continuous supervision.

54. A male patient is admitted to ambulatory care for a bilateral herniorrhaphy. A nurse on the unit interviews the patient, obtains the patient's vital signs, and reviews the primary health-care provider's orders. Which should the nurse do first ? Please read below, PATIENT'S CLINICAL RECORD Primary Health-Care Provider's Orders Nothing by mouth IVF: 0.9% sodium chloride at 125 mL/hour Midazolam 5 mg, IM on call to preoperative suite Vital Signs Temperature: 99.2°F, orally Pulse: 96 beats per minute Respirations: 22 breaths per minute Blood pressure: 124/82 mm Hg Patient Interview Patient states "I am a little nervous because I have never had surgery before." During preoperative testing patient indicated an allergy to oxycodone/acetaminophen but forgot to include allergies to latex and peanuts.

Ensure the patient's allergy band includes the patient's identified allergies.

1. A nurse is preparing a bed to receive a newly admitted patient. Which action is most important?

Ensuring that the bed wheels are locked

92. An unconscious client is brought to the emergency department after ingesting too much prescribed medication. What is the highest priority nursing intervention?

Establish a patent airway.

28. A nurse finds that a fire has broken out in a client's room at the health care facility. Which intervention is of the highest priority?

Evacuate the client.

94. A nurse is planning care for a patient with a wrist restraint. How often should a restraint be removed, the area massaged, and the joints moved through their full range?

Every 2 hours

99. A nurse is caring for a postoperative Asian American client after knee arthroplasty. The nurse plans to help the client ambulate, but is aware that the client may feel threatened due to physical closeness. What would be the most appropriate nursing action?

Explain the purpose and need for assistance during ambulation.

86. The elderly female client of Mexican heritage is upset and tells the nurse the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) complimented her grandchild's hair. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

Explain to the UAP about the cultural belief regarding the "evil eye."

16. To promote safety, the nurse manager sensitive to point of care (sharp end) and systems level (blunt end) exemplars works closely with staff to address which point of care exemplar?

Fall prevention

112. A nurse in the nursing education department of a community hospital is planning an inservice education class about injury prevention. Which factor that most commonly causes physical injuries in hospitalized patients should be included in the teaching plan?

Falls

10. The nurse is caring for a client with a latex allergy. Which nursing interventions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)

Flag the chart and room door. , Apply an allergy-alert identification bracelet on the client. , Teach client to wear Medic-Alert bracelet. , Communicate to the interdisciplinary healthcare team to use nonlatex equipment.

14. After a management decision to admit terminal care patients to a medical unit, the nursing manager notes that nursing staff on the unit appear tired and anxious. Staff absences from work are increasing. The nurse manager is concerned that staff may be experiencing stress and burnout at work. What action would be best for the manager to take that will help the staff?

Have training sessions to help the staff understand their new responsibilities.

72. The Mexican client requests a curandero to come to the hospital to visit. Which statement explains the role of the curandero in the Mexican culture?

He is a person who receives his gift from God and treats traditional illnesses

108. Which intervention should the nurse implement when discussing health promotion activities for a client with a German heritage who leads a sedentary lifestyle?

Help the client to identify a routine exercise program

74. Which is the priority nursing intervention to prevent patient problems associated with latex allergies?

Identify persons at risk

4. A nurse is preparing a patient for a physical examination. Which is most important for the nurse to do in this situation?

Identify the positions contraindicated for the patient during the examination

18. The nurse is developing a care plan for a patient with ineffective coping skills. Which intervention would be an example of a problem-focused coping strategy?

Identifying a confidant to share feelings

6. The nurse is reviewing the care plan for a patient experiencing difficulty coping with stress. The nurse recognizes that an example of initiating a cognitive restructuring intervention to enhance coping abilities is known as which of the following?

Identifying the cause of fear

62. A nurse on a home visit to a healthy elderly client finds that too much clutter has accumulated in the house. What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for the client?

Impaired home maintenance

36. Which nursing intervention reflects culturally appropriate care when caring for a female Latino client?

Include the client's spouse in decision-making, if the client desires.

15. The school nurse is assessing coping skills of high school students who attend an alternative school for students at high risk to not graduate. What is the priority concern that the nurse has for this student population?

Increased risk for suicide

106. A stable client is brought to the emergency department after ingesting too much prescribed medication. What is the highest priority nursing intervention?

Induce vomiting.

7. The home health nurse is making the initial visit to a 42-year-old male client with terminal cancer. The client is first-generation American-Vietnamese and lives with his parents, wife, and three children. Which behavior would best promote a therapeutic nurse-client relationship?

Initially address conversation to the eldest family member.

A nurse must apply a hospital gown that does not have snaps on the shoulders to a patient receiving an intravenous infusion in the forearm. Which should the nurse do?

Insert the IV bag and tubing through the sleeve from inside of the gown first.

37. A nurse who is a member of a hospital's client safety committee is participating in an initiative to ensure that the institution meets the National Patient Safety Goals. What is the most important way in which this committee can meet these goals?

Institute measures to reduce clients' risks of death and injury while they are receiving care.

51. A nurse is caring for a stable toddler diagnosed with accidental poisoning due to the ingestion of cleaning solution. What must be included in educating parents about how to protect a toddler from unintentional poisoning?

Keep cleaning solutions locked up.

82. A nurse is educating a mother about caring for a newborn baby. What should the nurse teach the client as a precautionary measure to protect the infant from burns?

Keep hot substances away from the baby.

40. A nurse is planning care for a patient who requires bilateral arm restraints because the patient is delirious and attempting to pull out a urinary retention catheter. Which information is important to consider when planning care for this patient? Select all that apply.

Laws permit the use of restraints when specific guidelines are followed , Reasons for use of restraints must be clearly documented

64. Which actions are important when the nurse uses a stretcher? Select all that apply.

Lowering the bed below the level of the stretcher when transferring a patient from the stretcher to a bed , Pushing the stretcher from the end with the patient's head

15. Which is the last step in making an occupied bed that the nurse should teach a nursing assistant?

Lowering the height of the bed toward the floor

26. A nurse is caring for a confused patient. Which should the nurse do to prevent this patient from falling?

Maintain close supervision.

53. An Anglo American client reports to the primary health care facility with symptoms of fever, cough, and running nose. While interviewing the client, which of the following points should the nurse keep in mind?

Maintain eye contact while talking.

31. An Arab client has been admitted to the health care facility with varicose veins. What should the nurse avoid while conducting the interview of the client?

Maintaining eye contact

2. Which is an essential element of a standard order set to verify a medication order?

Metric dose/strength

8. An adult patient consistently tries to pull out a urinary retention catheter. As a last resort to maintain integrity of the catheter and patient safety, the nurse obtains an order for a restraint. Which types of restraints are most appropriate in this situation? Select all that apply

Mitt restraint , Wrist restraint , Elbow restraint

39. Profuse smoke is coming out of the heating unit in a patient's room. Which should the nurse do first ?

Move the patient out of the room

49. A nurse is orienting a newly admitted patient to the hospital. Which is most important for the nurse to teach the patient how to do?

Notify the nurse when help is needed.

55. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an intravenous therapy through an IV pump. Which intervention should the nurse implement to ensure electrical safety?

Obtain a three-prong grounded plug adapter.

85. The nurse is caring for a client who has been placed in physical restraints. Which nursing action is appropriate? (Select all that apply.)

Offer opportunities for toileting frequently and regularly. , Check circulation and skin condition every 2 hours. , Communicate with family regarding need for restraints.

109. The telehealth nurse receives a call from a caller who states that upon entering the home, two confused family members have been found with a bright cherry red skin color. They are reporting nausea and headache, and are unable to move. Which initial direction will the nurse provide?

Open doors and windows.

69. A 22-year-old woman who recently emigrated from Laos has been admitted to the hospital with an ovarian cyst. Both the client and her husband speak Lao exclusively and this has complicated the ability of the care team to obtain informed consent for surgery. What action should the care team take in order to communicate with the client?

Organize professional interpretation, either in person or by telephone.

35. The nurse is teaching the caregiver of an adolescent child about safety. Which teaching will the nurse include?

Peer pressure causes children of this age to task risks.

27. A primary health-care provider orders a vest restraint for a patient. Which should the nurse do first when applying this restraint?

Perform an inspection of the patient's skin where the restraint is to be placed.

33. The nurse is teaching the caregiver of a 3-year old about safety. Which teaching will the nurse include?

Place all household cleaners out of reach.

12. A nurse is caring for a patient with a nasogastric tube for gastric decompression. Which nursing action takes priority?

Positioning the patient in the semi-Fowler position

111. Which nursing intervention enhances an older adult's sensory perception and thereby helps prevent injury when walking from the bed to the bathroom?

Providing adequate lighting

2. A nurse responds to the call bell and finds another nurse evacuating the client from the

Pull the fire alarm lever.

44. A nurse has rushed to the site of an accident where members of a family have suffered carbon monoxide poisoning. What is the highest priority action that must take place during carbon monoxide poisoning?

Remove the individual from the room.

34. A nurse is preparing discharge teaching for a client being discharged with her newborn baby. What is the highest priority item that must be included in the teaching plan?

Restrain the baby in a car seat.

47. A nurse in a psychiatric care unit finds that a client with psychosis has become violent and is actively trying to harm another client in the unit. What action should the nurse take?

Restrain the client, as he is harmful to others.

20. In a nursing unit, a physician is about to defibrillate a client. What is an appropriate action when the physician says "clear"?

Step away from the bed.

91. A nurse needs to restrain a client who may be harmful to himself. What is the priority nursing action when applying restraints?

Take a physician's order for restraining.

105. A patient states that when turning on an electric radio a strong electrical shock was felt. Which should the nurse do first ?

Take the patient's apical pulse

1. The strategy to avoid medication errors endorsed by the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) to differentiate products with look-alike names is referred to as which term?

Tallman lettering

38. The male client is wearing a silver amulet to protect from evil spirits. Which action should the nurse take when sending the client to surgery?

Tell the client that the amulet will be placed near him during surgery but cannot be allowed to stay on him.

70. The nurse is preparing to make morning rounds. Which client should the nurse see first?

The Hispanic man who is complaining of chest pain after eating a spicy meal

5. The unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) notices a strange amulet pinned to the client's gown and offers to remove it. The client does not want it removed. Which rationale should the nurse give the UAP for allowing the client to continue to wear the amulet?

The client brought the amulet because it gives the client emotional support

30. An Asian American client is scheduled for discharge after being diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Before leaving the health care facility, the nurse demonstrates the technique of self-administration of insulin and explains the importance of the client's prescribed insulin regimen in controlling blood sugar levels. What may the nurse conclude if the client continues to stare blankly?

The client disapproves of the insulin treatment.

87. The nurse is preparing to teach a class on cultural diversity. Which are examples of being culturally sensitive? Select all that apply.

The nurse has the Jehovah's Witness client sign a Refusal to Permit Blood form , The female nurse has a male UAP perform postmortem care for a Muslim client , The nurse allows the undergarments worn by a Mormon client to be worn to radiology

104. A client reports to the primary health care facility for routine physical examination after cardiac rehabilitation following myocardial infarction. Keeping in mind that the client is a Latino, how should the nurse conduct the interview?

The nurse should avoid using medical terminology.

24. A client who does not speak English has been admitted to the health care facility reporting chest pain. Since the assigned nurse does not know the client's language, what would be the most appropriate solution in this case?

The nurse should request the help of a professional interpreter.

13. A nurse has been commissioned to ensure that the policies and procedures at a large, multisite health care institution comply with the Nursing Home Reform Law. What trend initially prompted the enactment of this legislation?

The widespread use of physical restraints in long-term care facilities

3. The male Navajo client comes to the clinic complaining of chest pain and has a pouch filled with objects around his neck. Which statement best supports the nurse allowing the client to wear the pouch?

This is a cultural practice shared by many Navajo clients, and the nurse should not remove it unless it interferes with the client's care.

95. A nurse is assessing a patient who is being admitted to the hospital. Which is the most important information that indicates whether the patient is at risk for physical injury?

Two recent falls that occurred at home

68. A nurse is caring for a client who is sensitive to latex. What is the simplest and most appropriate way to avoid exposing the client to latex?

Use nonlatex gloves for the client.

98. The nurse is caring for a client who is a recent immigrant to the country. The family is present in the room and one member of the family speaks English. Which should the nurse implement to complete the admission assessment?

Use the medical interpretation phone to ask the admission questions.

21. To promote a safety culture, the nurse manager preparing the staff schedule considers the anticipated census in planning the number and experience of staff on any given shift. Which is the human factor primarily addressed with this consideration?

Workload fluctuations

25. A nurse is caring for older adult clients. Which is the most important safety issue in older clients?

accident falls

41. A toaster is on fi re in the pantry of a hospital unit. Which should the nurse do first ?

activate the fire alarm

97. The risk management coordinator is preparing a program on the factors that contribute to falls in a hospital setting. Which factor that most often contributes to falls should be included in this program?

advanced age of patients

45. A nurse visits an older adult client at home and assesses the safety of the client's environment. Which article can be a threat to the client's safety?

area rugs kept on the stairs without carpet

23. A nurse is caring for a patient with Parkinson disease who is experiencing difficulty swallowing. Which potential problem associated with dysphagia has the greatest influence on the plan of care?

aspiration

101. An 18-year-old is brought to the emergency department with a head injury. The nurse knows that adolescents are vulnerable to injuries related to:

automobile accidents.

50. Which action made by the nurse provides the best assessment data for presence of jaundice?

checking the hard palate

100. A nurse has entered the room of a resident at the care facility and discovered that the resident has lit some paper on fire in the trash can. What types of fire extinguisher are appropriate for putting out this fire? (Select all that apply.)

class A , class ABC

20. Aspects of safety culture that contribute to a culture of safety in a health care organization include which component?

communication

63. Public health nurses in a community are advocating for new community guidelines to enhance the safety of residents. Residents' risks of accidental asphyxiation can be reduced by which measure?

ensuring that open bodies or water and pools are fenced in

8. Women who are given the job of caretaker for aging relatives are subject to caregiver strain due to

fixed gender roles.

88. The nursing instructor is observing a nursing student who is about to administer a medication. Which nursing student behavior concerning client identification does the nursing instructor validate as appropriate?

identifies client's full name and date of birth

96. Which nursing intervention reflects practice according to Madeline Leininger's transcultural nursing theory?

incorporating client's request for complementary treatment therapy

5. The emphasis on understanding cultural influence on health care is important because of

increasing global diversity.

43. Which time of day is of most concern for the nurse when trying to protect a patient with dementia from injury?

night

3. When teaching an Asian patient with newly diagnosed diabetes, the nurse notes the patient nodding yes to everything that is being said. With a better understanding of cultural interdependence in self-concept, a nurse should immediately

prompt further to elicit additional questions or concerns.

17. Understanding cultural differences in health care is important because it will help the nurse to understand the manner in which people decide on obtaining treatments and medical care. In independent cultures an individual will

put himself first.

80. A nurse who works in a large, urban hospital provides care for a diverse client population. When performing integumentary (skin) assessments, the nurse modifies assessment practices for certain clients in order to identify clinically meaningful data. This practice is most justified by the fact that clients differ according to:

race

78. The nurse is developing a menu with an Asian American client. Which food does the nurse anticipate that an Asian American client may enjoy? (Select all that apply.)

rice noodles ,bok choy cabbage , bean sprouts ,meats made with oyster and fish sauces

79. A school nurse is teaching children about fire safety procedures. Which is the first thing they should be taught to do if their clothes catch on fire?

roll on the ground

9. Prior to drug administration the nurse reviews the seven rights, which include right patient, right medication, right time, right dose, right education, right documentation, and what other right?

route

10. A 60-year-old Italian immigrant presents for an annual physical. He is counseled about diagnostic testing including laboratory testing, colonoscopy, influenza vaccination, and pneumococcal vaccination. His reply is "If it isn't broke, don't try to fix it." When developing a plan of care, the nurse should consider which cultural orientation for this patient?

short term

75. An unconscious patient begins vomiting. In which position should the nurse place the patient?

side-lying

16. Which human responses to illness alert the nurse that a patient is at risk for aspiration during meals? Select all that apply.

stomatitis , dysphagia , lethargy

7. The nurse is caring for a patient experiencing an allergic reaction to a bee sting who has an order for diphenhydramine (BenaDRYL). The only medication in the patient's medication bin is labeled BenaZEPRIL. The nurse contacts the pharmacy for the correct medication to avoid what type of error?

treatment