Tissue types - picture and location (Carmean)

fibroblast

A ___________ is a type of cell that synthesizes the extracellular matrix and collagen

Mesenchyme

All connective tissue are derived from this embryonic tissue

Adipose connective tissue

Cell type: adipocyte Round white structure: lipid strage vacuole Dark purple: nuclei of adipocytes

Types of Connective tissue

Conective tissue proper cartilage bone blood

Compact bone tissue

Dark circle: Central canal (haversian) Ring like layers: Lamellae Meshwork: Canaliculi

Skelatal muscle

Dark purple: nuclei of muscle fiber light and dark bands: striations

Simple squamous epithelial tissue

Dark round: Nuclei of squamous cell Location: lungs renal glomeruli serous membrane tympanic membrane

Reticular Connective tissue

Dark strands: reticular fibers (fine collagen) Round purple: nuclei Location: Stroma of internal organs, binds smooth muscle fibers

Cardiac muscle tissue

Darkest lines: intercalated discs electrical connections: gap junctions location: myocardium (myo=heart muscle)

CTP Loose reticular

Decription: network of reticular fibers in loose ground substance reticular cells lie or attach to the network Function: fibers form internal skeleton (stroma) that supports other cell types: white blood cells mast cells (release histamine during allergic reactions) macrophages (type of white blood cell) Location: Lymphoid organs (nodes, bone marrow, spleen)

CTP Dense regular D,L,F

Description parallel collagen fibers few elasticfibers Fibroblast Function: attaches to muscles or bones attaches bone to bone withstand great one directional force Location: tendons ligaments aponeuroses (layers of broad tendons)

CT blood

Description red and whit blood cells in a fluid matrix (plasma) Function: transports gas, nutrients, wastes, etc. Location: Blood vessels

MT cardiac muscle D,F,L

Description: Branching striated, uni nucleate cells that interdigitate at specialized junction (disc) Function: involuntary as it contracts it propels blood into the circulation, Location: walls of heart

MT Skeletal muscle

Description: Long cyndrical multi nucleus striations Function: Voluntary mm, locomotion, manipulation Facial expression Location attached to bone and occasionally to skin

Nervous tissue: D,F,L

Description: Neurons are branching cells extend from 2 cells neurons and neuroglia Function Transmit electrical signalls from sensory receptors and to effectors (muscles and glands) which control their activity Location: Brain, spinal cord, nerves

MT smooth muscle D,F,L

Description: Spindle shaped cells central uninuclie no striations cells arranged close to form sheets Function: involuntary propels substances or objectgs along internal passageways Location walls of hollow organs

CTP dense, elastic D,F,L

Description: many elastic fibers Function: recoil Location: Large arteries ligaments lungs (following inspiration)

CTP loose areolar D,F,L

Description: gel like matrix Function: 1. wraps and cushions organs 2. its macrophages and phagocytes bacteria role in 3. inflammation 4. holds tissue fluid

CTP Loose adipose D,F,L

Description: gel like matrix but packed adipocytes (fat cells) nucleus pushed to side by large fat droplet Funtion: insulation (against heat loss) energy reserve cussions Location underskin around kidneys around eyeballs in abdomin breast

CT fibrocartilage

Description: less firm than hyaline thick collagen fibers Function: absorb shock Location: interveterbral discs pubi symphysis disc of knee joint

CTP Dense irregular D,L,F

Description; irregularly arranged collagen fibers elastic fibers fibroblast Function: withstand tension exerted many directions structural strenght Location: Fibrous capsules or organs joints, dermis of skin digestive tract (submucosa)

CT hyaline cartilage D,F,L

Despcription: Amorphous but firm Chondroblast produce matix and lie in lacunae Function: Support and reinforce resist compression Location: embyonic skeletone ends of long bones joint cavities forms costal cartilage of ribs nose trachea laynx

CT elastic cartilage D,F,L

Despription more elastic fibers than hyaline Function: maintain shape of structure flexibility Location ear & epiglottis

CT bones (osseous tissue)

Desription: calcified matrix collagen fibers osteocytes lie in lacunae well vascularized Function bone support provides levers for muscles stores calcium, minerals, Marrow inside bone is site for blood cell formation

Simple squamous epithelium F&L

Function: allow passage of materials by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important: secretes lubricating substance in serosae Location: Kidney glomruli (glom=ball) lung heart blood vessels lymphatic vessels ling of ventral body cavity

Stratified columnar epithelium F&C

Function: Protection Secretion Location: small amount in male urethra and large ducts of some glands

Simple columnar epithelium F&L

Function: absorption secretion of mucus & enzymes ciliated type propels mucus Location (non ciliated): GI tract (stomach to anus) excetory ducts of some glands (ciliated) small bronchi uterine tubes uterus

Stratified cuboidal epitelium

Function: protection Location: Largest ducts of sewat glands mamary glands salivary glands

Simple columnar epithelial tissue (nonciliated)

Function: secretion of mucus absorption of nutrients Thick pink line: basement membrane Tissue to right of blue tissue: smooth muscle tissue

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium F&L

Function: secretion of mucus and propulsion of cucus by cilary action Location (nonciliated) male sperm ducts and ducts large glands Ciliated: trachea most of upper respiratory tract

Transitional Epithelium

Function: stretch readily and permit distention of urinary organ by contained urine Location ureters urinary bladder part of urethra

Simple cuboidal epithelium F&L

Function: secretion and absorption Location: Kidney tubules ovary surface ducts and secretory portions of small glands

stratified squamous epithelium F&L

Funtion protects underlying tissue in areas subjected to abrasion Location nonkeratinized type forms esophagus mouth vagine Keratinized: epidermis of skin

Hyaline cartilage connective tissue

Large blue cells: Chondrocytes Dark blue region: lacunae light opaque region: matrix dark fiber region to left: perichondrium Peri= around chondrium=cartilage

Nervous tissue

Large cell: multipolar neuron long process extending from cell: Axon tiny specks surrounding cell: neuroglial cells function of tine peripheral structure: Physical support, protection providing nutrients maintaining electrolyte/osmotic balance fluid homeostasis

pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue

Light grey area: lumen oval granular structure: Goblet cell Function of tissue: mm of mucus

stratified squamous epithelial tissue (nonkaratinized)

Location: mouth esophagus vagina epiglottis toungue

Smooth muscle

Location: Walls of blood vessels respiratory airways stomach intestines gallbladder urinary bladder iris arrector pili

hematopoiesis

Marrow inside bone is site for blood cell formation

Characteristics of epithelium tissue

POLARITY alwys have one free surface the apical and non-free is basal surface CELLULARITY AND SPECIALIZED CONTACTS- cells fit close togeter to form membrane and are bound together by junctions SUPPORTED BY CONNECTIVE TISSUE adhesive basement membrane,amorphous secreted partly by the epithelial cells (basal lamina) and Connective tissue (reticular lamina) which lay adjacent to each other. AVASCULARITY no blood supply of their own REGENERATION if nourished epthelial cells regenerate because exposed to friction

Elastic connective tissue

Thick strands: elastic fibers Function: allows stretching of various organs

Areolar Connective tissue

Thin strands: elastic fiber Thick strands: collagen fiber Dark purple: Nuclei of fibroblast Large granular cell: Mast cell gel-like substance fibroblast

Fibrocartilage connective tissue

Two materials: fibers and ground tissue Comes from: Mesenchyme

Elastic cartilage tissue

Type of cells that produce this tissue: Chondrocytes Space in which cells reside: lacunae Location: Epiglottis external ear pharygotympanic tube

Dense regular connective tissue

What type of cell produces this: fibroblast Elongated purple: Nuclei of fibroblast Location: Tendons ligaments aponeuroses

Connective tissue proper loose 3 types

areolar adipose reticular

Fibers that provide support

collagen fiber (white) most abundant elastic fiber (yellow) reticular fiber (fine collagen)

2 types Connective tissue proper

dense and loose

Connective tissue proper dense 3 types

dense regular dense irregular elastic

Exocrine glands

ducts secrete throught ducts to epithelial surface sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, stomach, liver, pancreas.

Mesenchyme

embyonic connective tissue gel like substnace containing fibers star shaped cells Location in embryo

neurons

highly specialized to receive stimuli (irritability and conductivity)

CT Cartilage 3 types

hyaline elastic fibro

Ground substance

interstitial fluid (much of the body fluid) cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans (polysacchride: glycosaminoglysol: polysaccarides: carb/sugars) Types of: liguid, semisolid gel-like very hard

Endocrine glands

lose their ducts as they develop secrete all hormones into extracellular fluid entering blood or vessels The main endocrine glands: pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, and adrenal glands. The hypothalamus is a neuroendocrine organ.

Extracellular matrix

produced by cells and then extruded responsible for strength 2 components: Ground substance and fibers

keratinized stratified sqaumous epithelial tissue

purple debris: keratine Location: skin

Characteristics of Connective Tissue

rich supply of blood vessles composed of mny types of cells noncellular, nonliving material between cells (matrix)

Transitional epithelial tissue

round purple: cell nuclei Location: urinary bladder and ureters

MUSCLE TISSUE types of

skeletal cardiac smooth

neuroglia

special supporting cells that protect support and insulate the more delicate neurons

lacunae

where the connective tissue cells reside when the marix is firm (cartilage/bone)