Tissue types - picture and location (Carmean)
fibroblast
A ___________ is a type of cell that synthesizes the extracellular matrix and collagen
Mesenchyme
All connective tissue are derived from this embryonic tissue
Adipose connective tissue
Cell type: adipocyte Round white structure: lipid strage vacuole Dark purple: nuclei of adipocytes
Types of Connective tissue
Conective tissue proper cartilage bone blood
Compact bone tissue
Dark circle: Central canal (haversian) Ring like layers: Lamellae Meshwork: Canaliculi
Skelatal muscle
Dark purple: nuclei of muscle fiber light and dark bands: striations
Simple squamous epithelial tissue
Dark round: Nuclei of squamous cell Location: lungs renal glomeruli serous membrane tympanic membrane
Reticular Connective tissue
Dark strands: reticular fibers (fine collagen) Round purple: nuclei Location: Stroma of internal organs, binds smooth muscle fibers
Cardiac muscle tissue
Darkest lines: intercalated discs electrical connections: gap junctions location: myocardium (myo=heart muscle)
CTP Loose reticular
Decription: network of reticular fibers in loose ground substance reticular cells lie or attach to the network Function: fibers form internal skeleton (stroma) that supports other cell types: white blood cells mast cells (release histamine during allergic reactions) macrophages (type of white blood cell) Location: Lymphoid organs (nodes, bone marrow, spleen)
CTP Dense regular D,L,F
Description parallel collagen fibers few elasticfibers Fibroblast Function: attaches to muscles or bones attaches bone to bone withstand great one directional force Location: tendons ligaments aponeuroses (layers of broad tendons)
CT blood
Description red and whit blood cells in a fluid matrix (plasma) Function: transports gas, nutrients, wastes, etc. Location: Blood vessels
MT cardiac muscle D,F,L
Description: Branching striated, uni nucleate cells that interdigitate at specialized junction (disc) Function: involuntary as it contracts it propels blood into the circulation, Location: walls of heart
MT Skeletal muscle
Description: Long cyndrical multi nucleus striations Function: Voluntary mm, locomotion, manipulation Facial expression Location attached to bone and occasionally to skin
Nervous tissue: D,F,L
Description: Neurons are branching cells extend from 2 cells neurons and neuroglia Function Transmit electrical signalls from sensory receptors and to effectors (muscles and glands) which control their activity Location: Brain, spinal cord, nerves
MT smooth muscle D,F,L
Description: Spindle shaped cells central uninuclie no striations cells arranged close to form sheets Function: involuntary propels substances or objectgs along internal passageways Location walls of hollow organs
CTP dense, elastic D,F,L
Description: many elastic fibers Function: recoil Location: Large arteries ligaments lungs (following inspiration)
CTP loose areolar D,F,L
Description: gel like matrix Function: 1. wraps and cushions organs 2. its macrophages and phagocytes bacteria role in 3. inflammation 4. holds tissue fluid
CTP Loose adipose D,F,L
Description: gel like matrix but packed adipocytes (fat cells) nucleus pushed to side by large fat droplet Funtion: insulation (against heat loss) energy reserve cussions Location underskin around kidneys around eyeballs in abdomin breast
CT fibrocartilage
Description: less firm than hyaline thick collagen fibers Function: absorb shock Location: interveterbral discs pubi symphysis disc of knee joint
CTP Dense irregular D,L,F
Description; irregularly arranged collagen fibers elastic fibers fibroblast Function: withstand tension exerted many directions structural strenght Location: Fibrous capsules or organs joints, dermis of skin digestive tract (submucosa)
CT hyaline cartilage D,F,L
Despcription: Amorphous but firm Chondroblast produce matix and lie in lacunae Function: Support and reinforce resist compression Location: embyonic skeletone ends of long bones joint cavities forms costal cartilage of ribs nose trachea laynx
CT elastic cartilage D,F,L
Despription more elastic fibers than hyaline Function: maintain shape of structure flexibility Location ear & epiglottis
CT bones (osseous tissue)
Desription: calcified matrix collagen fibers osteocytes lie in lacunae well vascularized Function bone support provides levers for muscles stores calcium, minerals, Marrow inside bone is site for blood cell formation
Simple squamous epithelium F&L
Function: allow passage of materials by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important: secretes lubricating substance in serosae Location: Kidney glomruli (glom=ball) lung heart blood vessels lymphatic vessels ling of ventral body cavity
Stratified columnar epithelium F&C
Function: Protection Secretion Location: small amount in male urethra and large ducts of some glands
Simple columnar epithelium F&L
Function: absorption secretion of mucus & enzymes ciliated type propels mucus Location (non ciliated): GI tract (stomach to anus) excetory ducts of some glands (ciliated) small bronchi uterine tubes uterus
Stratified cuboidal epitelium
Function: protection Location: Largest ducts of sewat glands mamary glands salivary glands
Simple columnar epithelial tissue (nonciliated)
Function: secretion of mucus absorption of nutrients Thick pink line: basement membrane Tissue to right of blue tissue: smooth muscle tissue
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium F&L
Function: secretion of mucus and propulsion of cucus by cilary action Location (nonciliated) male sperm ducts and ducts large glands Ciliated: trachea most of upper respiratory tract
Transitional Epithelium
Function: stretch readily and permit distention of urinary organ by contained urine Location ureters urinary bladder part of urethra
Simple cuboidal epithelium F&L
Function: secretion and absorption Location: Kidney tubules ovary surface ducts and secretory portions of small glands
stratified squamous epithelium F&L
Funtion protects underlying tissue in areas subjected to abrasion Location nonkeratinized type forms esophagus mouth vagine Keratinized: epidermis of skin
Hyaline cartilage connective tissue
Large blue cells: Chondrocytes Dark blue region: lacunae light opaque region: matrix dark fiber region to left: perichondrium Peri= around chondrium=cartilage
Nervous tissue
Large cell: multipolar neuron long process extending from cell: Axon tiny specks surrounding cell: neuroglial cells function of tine peripheral structure: Physical support, protection providing nutrients maintaining electrolyte/osmotic balance fluid homeostasis
pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue
Light grey area: lumen oval granular structure: Goblet cell Function of tissue: mm of mucus
stratified squamous epithelial tissue (nonkaratinized)
Location: mouth esophagus vagina epiglottis toungue
Smooth muscle
Location: Walls of blood vessels respiratory airways stomach intestines gallbladder urinary bladder iris arrector pili
hematopoiesis
Marrow inside bone is site for blood cell formation
Characteristics of epithelium tissue
POLARITY alwys have one free surface the apical and non-free is basal surface CELLULARITY AND SPECIALIZED CONTACTS- cells fit close togeter to form membrane and are bound together by junctions SUPPORTED BY CONNECTIVE TISSUE adhesive basement membrane,amorphous secreted partly by the epithelial cells (basal lamina) and Connective tissue (reticular lamina) which lay adjacent to each other. AVASCULARITY no blood supply of their own REGENERATION if nourished epthelial cells regenerate because exposed to friction
Elastic connective tissue
Thick strands: elastic fibers Function: allows stretching of various organs
Areolar Connective tissue
Thin strands: elastic fiber Thick strands: collagen fiber Dark purple: Nuclei of fibroblast Large granular cell: Mast cell gel-like substance fibroblast
Fibrocartilage connective tissue
Two materials: fibers and ground tissue Comes from: Mesenchyme
Elastic cartilage tissue
Type of cells that produce this tissue: Chondrocytes Space in which cells reside: lacunae Location: Epiglottis external ear pharygotympanic tube
Dense regular connective tissue
What type of cell produces this: fibroblast Elongated purple: Nuclei of fibroblast Location: Tendons ligaments aponeuroses
Connective tissue proper loose 3 types
areolar adipose reticular
Fibers that provide support
collagen fiber (white) most abundant elastic fiber (yellow) reticular fiber (fine collagen)
2 types Connective tissue proper
dense and loose
Connective tissue proper dense 3 types
dense regular dense irregular elastic
Exocrine glands
ducts secrete throught ducts to epithelial surface sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, stomach, liver, pancreas.
Mesenchyme
embyonic connective tissue gel like substnace containing fibers star shaped cells Location in embryo
neurons
highly specialized to receive stimuli (irritability and conductivity)
CT Cartilage 3 types
hyaline elastic fibro
Ground substance
interstitial fluid (much of the body fluid) cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans (polysacchride: glycosaminoglysol: polysaccarides: carb/sugars) Types of: liguid, semisolid gel-like very hard
Endocrine glands
lose their ducts as they develop secrete all hormones into extracellular fluid entering blood or vessels The main endocrine glands: pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, and adrenal glands. The hypothalamus is a neuroendocrine organ.
Extracellular matrix
produced by cells and then extruded responsible for strength 2 components: Ground substance and fibers
keratinized stratified sqaumous epithelial tissue
purple debris: keratine Location: skin
Characteristics of Connective Tissue
rich supply of blood vessles composed of mny types of cells noncellular, nonliving material between cells (matrix)
Transitional epithelial tissue
round purple: cell nuclei Location: urinary bladder and ureters
MUSCLE TISSUE types of
skeletal cardiac smooth
neuroglia
special supporting cells that protect support and insulate the more delicate neurons
lacunae
where the connective tissue cells reside when the marix is firm (cartilage/bone)