Topic 5 and 6
Which of the following statements about the central dogma of molecular biology is TRUE?
DNA is transcribed to form RNA and mRNA is translated to form proteins.
A cell has the following molecules and structures: enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, plasma membrane and mitochondria. It could be a cell from
a plant or an animal
Cell walls
all of these answers are correct
Microfilaments
all of these answers are correct
Mitochondria are sites where
all of these answers are correct
The cytoskeleton is comprised of
all of these answers are correct
Which of the following are commonly made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
all of these answers are correct
Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?
all of these answers are correct
All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell except
an endoplasmic reticulum
The proteins found in chloroplasts
are encoded either by DNA in the chloroplast or by nuclear DNA
The proteins found in mitochondria
are encoded either by DNA in the mitochondria or by nuclear DNA
Flagella and cilia
are formed using microtubules
Which of the following relationships between cell structures and their respective functions is correct?
cell wall; support, protection
Which of the following contains its own DNA and ribosomes?
chloroplast
Which of the following are capable of converting light energy to chemical energy?
chloroplasts
Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?
mitochondrion
Resolution is a measure
of the clarity of the image produced by a microscope
All of the following play an important role in determining or maintaining the structure of plant cells. Which of the following are distinct from the others in their composition?
plant cell walls
Which of the following are found in plant cells?
plasmodesmata
Which types of RNA molecules are predominantly transcribed in a special region of the nucleus known as the nucleolus?
rRNA
Ribosomes are composed of
ribosomal proteins and rRNA
Which of the following organelles does NOT have membrane as an important part of its structure?
ribosomes
What is the most likely pathway for an enzyme secreted by pancreatic cells?
rough endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi apparatus to vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane
Which of the following is NOT surrounded by more than one membrane?
the endoplasmic reticulum
If the power of the eyepiece of a microscope is 10 and the power of the objective lens for that microscope is 50
the microscope will magnify images 500 times
Which of the following structures acts to prevent leakage of extracellular fluid between neighboring cells?
tight junctions
Which structure-function pair is FALSE?
microtubule; muscle contraction
Approximately what percentage of the cells in your body are human cells?
< 50%
Chloroplasts
All of these answers are correct.
In eukaryotes
All of these answers are correct.
Why might having separate, membrane-bound, compartments be an advantage to a cell?
All of these answers are correct.
Which of the following statements about plasma membranes is TRUE?
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have plasma membranes, which act as semi-permeable barriers.
Which of the following statements about the cytoskeleton is FALSE?
Calcium atoms form a major part of the structure of the cytoskeleton
If a modern electron microscope (TEM) can resolve biological images to the nanometer level, which is much better than the best light microscopes, this is due to which of the following?
Electron beams have much shorter wave lengths than visible light.
Which of the following statements about ribosomes is TRUE?
Free ribosomes carry out protein synthesis while floating free in the cytosol and bound ribosomes carry out protein synthesis while attached to a membrane.
Which of the following produces and modifies polysaccharides that will be secreted?
Golgi apparatus
Under which of the following conditions would you expect to find a cell where the majority of ribosomes in that cell are free ribosomes?
a cell that is producing cytoplasmic enzymes
Why isn't the mitochondrion classified as part of the endomembrane system?
Its structure is not derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
The advantage of light microscopy over electron microscopy is that
Light microscopy allows one to view dynamic processes in living cells
Muscle contraction occurs as a result of
a motor protein known as myosin "walks" along actin filaments, causing the actin and myosin filaments to slide past one another
Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following molecules?
Proteins
Which pathway is generally followed by a protein produced for secretion?
Rough ER, vesicle, Golgi, vesicle
Which of the following statements about vacuoles is TRUE?
Some animal cells and all plant cells have vacuoles, but only plant cells have large central vacuoles.
Which of the following statements about the Golgi apparatus is TRUE?
Vesicles that bud off from the trans side of the Golgi apparatus have molecules on their surfaces that can recognize "docking" sites on the surface of the plasma membrane.
Which of the following contains hydrolytic enzymes?
Which of the following statements about the central dogma of molecular biology is TRUE?
Large molecules, such as RNA molecules and some proteins, are able to move in and out of the nucleus
by moving through nuclear pores
Which of the following structures acts to fasten together neighboring cells into sheets of tissue?
desmosomes
Electron microscopes are able to provide better resolution than light microscopes because
electrons have much smaller wavelengths than visible light
Which of the following structures provide cytoplasmic channels between neighboring cells?
gap junctions
In animal cells, hydrolytic enzymes are packaged to prevent general destruction of cellular components. Which of the following organelles functions in this compartmentalization?
lysosome
Which of the following contains hydrolytic enzymes?
lysosome
Cells can be described as having a cytoskeleton of internal structures that contribute to the shape, organization and movement of the cell. Which of the following is a part of the cytoskeleton?
microfilaments
Which of the following components of the cytoskeleton is made from actin filaments?
microfilaments
