Trauma Exam

The mastoid process is located approximately

1" posterior to the external opening of the ear.

During your assessment of a patient with blunt chest trauma, you know that the patient has shallow breathing and paradoxical movement of the left chest wall. You should:

Apply high flow oxygen via non-rebreathing mask

After your partner assumes manual in line stabilization of the patient's head, you should:

Assess distal neurovascular status in the extremities

A young female experienced a laceration to her left eyeball from flying glass when her boyfriend broke a soda bottle against a wall. There is moderate bleeding and the patient states that she cannot see out of the injured eye. You should:

Avoid applying pressure to the globe when you are covering the eye

The phrenic nerve to control the diaphragm and exit the spinal cord at

C3, C4, and C5

You respond to a 71-year-old woman who is unresponsive. You try to get her to respond but have no success. Her airway is open, and she is breathing at a rate of 14 breaths per minute. What structure on her neck should you locate to take a pulse?

Carotid artery

The most commonly fractured bone in the body is the

Clavicle

A 39-year-old female experienced a severe closed head injury. She is unresponsive with her eyes slightly open; her pupils are bilaterally dilated and slow to react. In addition to managing problems with the airway, breathing, and circulation, you should:

Close her eyes and cover them with a moist dressing

Significant blood loss demands your immediate attention as soon as the _______ has been managed.

Controlling major external bleeding is always the priority.

Airbags are designed to:

Decrease the severity of deceleration injuries

Which of the following would most likely occur as the direct result of the second collision in a motor vehicle crash

Deformed steering wheel

A ___________ Fracture occurs in the growth section of a child's bone and may lead to bone growth abnormalities.

Epiphyseal

The brain connects to the spinal cord three large opening at the base of the skull known as the

Foramen magnum

The cervical spine is most protected from whiplash type injury when the:

Headrest is appropriately positioned

A 45-year-old male was working on his roof when he fell approximately 12 feet, landing on his feet. He is conscious and alert and complains of an ache in his lower back. He is breathing adequately and has stable vital signs. You should:

Immobilize his spine and perform a focused secondary exam

A driver involved in a rollover motor vehicle crash will most likely experience serious injury or death if he or she:

Is injected or partially ejected

The cricoid cartilage:

Is the only complete circular cartilage of the trachea

Bruising to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen following blunt trauma is most suggestive of injury to the

Liver

A 45-year-old female was the unrestrained passenger of a small car that rear ended another vehicle at a moderate rate of speed. She is conscious and alert but complains of pain to both of her knees. There is visible damage to the dashboard on the passenger side of the vehicle. In addition to fractures or dislocations of the knees, you should be most suspicious for:

Posterior hip dislocation

By what mechanism as a person injured when he or she falls from a significant height

Potential energy is converted into Connecticut energy; the kinetic energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop

Splinting and extremity even when there is no fracture can help to:

Reduce pain, minimize damage to an already injured extremity, and make it easier to move the patient.

When a motor vehicle strikes a tree while traveling at 40 mph, the unrestrained occupant:

Remains in motion until acted upon by an external force

A patient who presents with profound cyanosis following a chest injury:

Requires prompt ventilation and oxygenation

Which of the following statements regarding the rule of nines is correct?

The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the BSA.

Elevation of the rib cage during inhalation occurs when

The intercostal muscles contract

You and your partner respond to a patient who has his hands nearly severed by a drill press. As you approach, you know that the patient is pale and there appears to be a lot of blood on the floor. The word continues to bleed copiously. After applying a tourniquet, you write ________ and _______ on a piece of adhesive tape and apply it to the patients forehead.

The letters TK and the exact time applied.

Plural fluid is contained between the

Visceral and parietal pleura

A 37-year-old male was pinned between a flatbed truck in the loading dock. On exam, you find bruising to the chest, distended neck veins, bilaterally diminished breath sounds, and bilateral scleral hemorrhaging. You should:

aggressively manage his airway.

An open neck injury may result in _______ If enough air is sucked into a blood vessel.

an air embolism.

A short backboard or vest style immobilization device is indicated for patients who:

are in a sitting position and are clinically stable.

A 38-year-old male was electrocuted while attempting to wire a house. Your assessment reveals that he is unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. A coworker has shut off the power to the house. You should:

begin CPR and apply the AED.

When worn properly, a seatbelt should lie:

below the anterior superior iliac spines of the pelvis and against the hip joints.

The most common and serious complication of a significant head injury is:

cerebral edema

A __________ Occurs when a great amount of force is applied to the body for a long period of time.

crushing injury

Accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will most likely cause

distention

A 39-year-old male sustained a large laceration to his leg during an accident with a chainsaw and is experiencing signs and symptoms of shock. You should first:

follow appropriate standard precautions.

Blood in the urine is known as

hematuria

Improperly applying a splint can cause all of the following except

increase of distal circulation if the splint is too tight

A laceration:

is a jagged cut caused by a sharp object or blunt force trauma.

In any case of trauma to the female patient, you should always determine if the patient:

is pregnant

A person who experiences a calcaneus fracture after jumping and landing on his or her feet would most likely experience an accompanying fracture of the

lumbar spine

The lower jaw bone is called the

mandible

Which of the following is not a symptom of a concussion

muscle tremors

A 77-year-old woman slipped and fell on a throw rug and landed on her left hip. She denies striking her head or losing consciousness. Assessment of her left leg reveals that it is shortened and externally rotated. Distal pulses, sensory, and motor functions are intact. You should:

place her onto a scoop stretcher, pad around her left hip with pillows, and secure her to the scoop with straps.

If one or more occupants in the same vehicle are killed in a crash, the EMT should:

suspect that all living occupants experienced the same serious trauma.

You responded to a house fire with the local fire department. They bring a 48-year-old woman out of the house. She is unconscious but her airway is open, her breathing is shallow at 30 breaths/min. Her pulse is 110 BPM, strong and regular. Her blood pressure is 108/72. She has been burned over 40% of her body. The burned area appears to be dry and leathery. It looks charred and has pieces of fabric embedded in the flesh. You know that this type of burn is considered a:

third-degree burn

The act of pulling on a body structure in the direction of its normal alignment is called

traction

A female patient with a suspected head injury has slow, shallow breathing. The most appropriate treatment for her includes:

ventilation assistance to maintain an ETCO2 of 30 to 35 mm Hg.

Which of the following is not a sign or symptom of laryngeal injury

wheezing

Helmets must be removed in all of the following cases except:

when there are no impending airway or breathing problems.