Trauma quiz 3

Post Finch and activities that are contraindicated and potentially harmful include

Permanent memorials like planting trees, installing plaques, dedicating yearbooks, flying the flag at half mast, or having assemblies to honor the deceased.

There are some cases where grief can cross over into a mental health disorder. The DSM-V is considering the following diagnosis

Persistent complex bereavement disorder

Suicide is purposeful it's purpose is to

Respond to or redress certain psychological needs

The two most essential components for successfully intervening with people suffering from schizophrenia

Safety and stabilization

The psychiatric disorders most often associate with suicide are

Schizophrenia depression both major depression and bipolar depression and substance use disorders

Schizophrenia versus delirium

Schizophrenia develop slowly over time while delirium often develops abruptly schizophrenia tends to be chronic and progressive delirium can often be reversed in instances where delirium may be caused by changes in blood pressure medication by reactions to other medications or other metabolic changes

Suicide ranks as the ________leading cause of death among those 10 to 24 years of age

Second

Avoiding the risk of contagion by arranging the appropriate memorials for deceased means

Services and activities for those provided for people affected by a completed suicide have the potential of doing more harm than good by increasing the risk of contagion it is essential that the victims death not be sensationalized end up the victim not be glorified or vilified in anyway that's giving the victim more notoriety in death and they ever had in life. Too much attention to the victim and too many details of the death just encourage identification with the victim thereby increasing the risk of contagion

Another factor that increases the instances for suicide are in people who have endured

Severe psychological trauma like childhood physical or sexual abuse. They manifest two traits profound miss trust and self-hate

The stages of grief following a suicide are

Shock denial shame anger loneliness depression resolution and integration

Anxiety disorders include

Panic disorders social phobias specific phobias agoraphobia and generalized anxiety disorder

Wardens four tasks of morning

-To except the reality of the loss -to process the pain of grief -to adjust to a world without the deceased -to find an enduring connection with the deceased in the middle of embarking on a new life

Imitative suicidal behaviors account for

1% to 3% of all adolescent suicide's

Guidelines for managing crisis involving suicide

1. Don't ignore the warning signs. References to suicidal thought my family would be better without me or life's too much of a struggle 2. When in doubt don't be afraid to ask about suicidal feelings or intentions 3. Validate the clients emotional pain 4. Be patient 5.Stay calm and listen 6.Understand what suicide means to your client i.e. revenged and pain to and physical pain or despair 7. Understand that suicidal individuals are ambivalent 8.Remind the client that suicide is a permanent solution to a temporary situation 9. It's important to be proactive have a plan take action 10. Help figure out ways to treat the underlying mental health disorder 11. Document your treatment plan assessment actions consultations contacts and so forth

Guidelines for crisis intervention with borderline personality disorder

1. Encourage the patient to enter and stay in treatment for a specified period of time 2. Encourage the patient to commit to attending all scheduled therapy sessions 3. Work on reducing suicidal and self injurious behavior 4. Engage the client in skills training that focuses on regulation of mood and that increases problem-solving

Guidelines for crisis intervention for those with schizophrenia

1. Establish a trusting interpersonal relationship. In doing so express your feelings in an open honest direct manner 2. Assess the hallucination and or delusion including duration intensity and frequency. Be patient and listen when the patient is ready to talk 3. Focus on the symptoms and ask the person to describe what is happening the goal is to understand the symptoms experienced or demonstrated pay attention to the content of a hallucination or delusion for example some solutions are nihilistic involving themes of nonexistent annihilation some more grandiose involving an exaggerated sense of self importance and summer persecutory involving themes of being attacked persecuted conspired against or cheated 4. Identify if drugs and alcohol have been used including prescription drugs. Morphine and codeine often induce hallucinations and some people 5. Asked to point out simply that you are not experiencing the same stimuli. The goal is to let the person know what is actually happening in the environment 6. Help the person describe and compare the present and recently passed hallucinations 7. Encourage the person to observe and describe the thoughts feelings and actions both present and past as they relate to the hallucination 8. Help the person describe needs that may be reflected in the content of the hallucination 9. Help the person identify what triggers the hallucination Help the person identify what triggers the hallucination 10. Just in reinforce the use of interpersonal relationships as a means of helping manage their symptoms 11. Identify how symptoms of psychosis have affected the persons ability to carry out activities of daily living also helpful not to push the person to disclose too much too quickly

Areas of adjustment that needs to be addressed when a loved one dies are

1. External adjustments such as a widow learning where to have her car repaired to cook for herself or himself or a child learning to pick out clothes by themselves 2. Internal adjustments that often involves developing a new sense of self or identity might include no longer seeing themselves as half of a couple but rather as an individual 3. Spiritual adjustments changes that occur and how the person perceives the world and to re-examine their prior assumptions for example the world is fair and just or the world makes sense

Wardens guidelines for crisis bereavement counseling include the following

1. Help the survivor to actualize the loss 2. Hope the survivor to identify and express feelings 3. Assist the survivor to live without the deceased 4. Help find meaning in the loss 5. Facilitate emotional reaction of the deceased 6.Provide time to grieve 7.Interpret normal behavior 8. Allow for individual differences 9.Examine defenses and coping styles 10. Identify pathology and refer

Four factors in evaluating risk as part of the triage

1. Make a determination about how many children were in close physical or emotional proximity to the impact a child's 2. Understanding individuals vulnerability factors 3. Understanding threat perceptions 4. Understanding crisis reactions

Three issues central to working with suicide patients are

1. Suicidal individuals often view their death as a solution to their problem or as a means to an end to end the psychological emotional and physical pain they are experiencing 2. Suicidal individuals often feel that their lives are out of control or Austin feel overwhelmed by their problems and that the only way to take control of their situation is they're taking their own lives 3. Some suicides are motivated by revenge there's an old saying that behind every suicide there's a homicide the notion is derived primarily from psychoanalytic theory that indicates that suicide occurs in instances where anger is turned in word or against the self

Practical guidelines for crisis intervention for someone with mood disorders

1. Unless the client has already been diagnosed with a mood disorder it is important to do a thorough assessment. Are the current mood disturbances or coping difficulties triggered by an external event i.e. a break up in a relationship or job loss or did they come up without rhyme or reason. In the absence of a triggering event and endogenous mood disorder may be the reason for the current mood disturbance. 2. In obtaining a history of the mood disorder determine how often the mood disturbance occurs and do they change over time. Determine whether the client uses any coping mechanisms when his or her mood is that it's worse. 3. Do a lease Aliti assessment. Since mood disturbances are one of the risk factors for suicide ask the client if he or she is having any suicidal thoughts impulses or intentions do they have a suicidal plan and is the plan one that he or she could carry out. 4. Listen to your client without being judge mental or critical. Hear what they have to say. Expect however that there may be periods of silence especially when counseling someone with major depression the opposite is true when interviewing someone with bipolar disorder who is experiencing mania. 5. Don't jump to making suggestions or recommendations without a crisis plan until you feel that you have established a positive working rapport with your client.

Practical guidelines for crisis intervention for someone with PTSD and anxiety

1. When assessing individuals with an anxiety disorder is helpful to get background information about when they first experience anxiety how often experience anxiety how they have coped with their anxiety to date if they experience anxiety attacks and if so how long they last and whether they have received any prior treatment for anxiety. Similarly with PTSD it's important to find out the type of trauma how recent the trauma occurred if the trauma was experienced firsthand or witnessed in the individuals reaction to the trauma initially. Important to find out if the person has experienced other trauma in the past 2. Get an understanding as to how that individual experiences the trauma for example numbing or intrusive symptoms hypervigilance anxiety reaction such as panic symptoms like shortness of breath rapid heartbeat or feelings of choking 3. Determine whether the person has experienced any periods of remission or times when he did not experience anxiety or intrusive symptoms what was helpful During these times what worked for them 4. Ask the person to rate his or her anxiety using the suds scale 5. Question how the person tried to cope with the anxiety usually before seeking treatment. 6. Hope the person develop some immediate strategies to alleviate their anxiety such as relaxation techniques diaphragmatic breathing or guided imagery

Suggestions for adults and caregivers in helping children cope with constant images of terrorism

1.Maintain calm and control remember that children take their cues from adults 2. Reassure children that they are safe even if it means showing them that all school doors are locked and that strangers can't get in 3. Remind them that people are in charge who will take care of them 4. Let them know that it's OK to be upset 5. Tell them the truth no graphic details but the facts that are known 6. Don't stereotype groups of people who do bad things 7. Keep explanations developmentally appropriate 8. Stay with a typical routine and schedule as planned 9. Monitor and restrict exposure to scenes of violence events as much as possible 10. Continue to monitor their emotional state 11. Encourage helping acts of kindness

Three categories of involuntary hospitalization are

1.Patients with a suicidal ideation or plan/intent (hospitalize) 2. Patients with ideation and plan but without intent (outpatient as long as support it there) 3. Patients with ideation but no plan or intent (outpatient as long as support is there )

Do US department of educations four phases of crisis management are

1.Prevention and or mitigation, 2. preparedness, 3. response, 4. recovery

Suicide is the __________leading cause of death in the United States

10th

Suicide is the second leading cause of death for people ages

15-24

The current prevalence estimates are approximately

22% to 23% of the US population or about 44 million people suffer from some type of mental health disorder within a given year

According to the national alliance on mental illness more than _____million adults in the United States or _____percent of the adult population will deal with some form of mental illness this year

40 million (20%)

Approximately 90% of people who commit suicide have

A diagnosable mental illness

Risk factors pertaining to adolescents and young adults

A family history of suicide, mail, having access to firearms, history of prior attempts and covert attempts, being Native American or African-American, presence of mental health disorders, mini epidemic and community, history of delinquent or semi delinquent behavior

Cognitive

A grieving person may experience shock disbelief preoccupation self depreciation expressed in the form of would've could've or should've

General Risk Factors

A past history of suicide gestures or attempts, a family history of suicide or mood disorders, acted alcohol and or drug use, history of mental health disorders, history of severe trauma, isolation from others, radical shifts in mood or behavior, expressions of a profound sense of hopelessness, chronic medical conditions, expressing suicidal ideas and plan along with concrete plan, gender male.

Schizophrenia is commonly known as

A thought disorder, Because people with schizophrenia often experience perceptual disturbances such as auditory visual tactile or olfactory hallucinations or delusional thinking which is a false personal belief based on an incorrect inference about external reality even when evidence to the contrary is presented.

In order to be diagnosed with PTSD there are several criteria that must be met

A. Individual Hass to have been exposed to actual or threatened death serious injury or sexual violence in one of the following ways. Direct exposure, witnessing a traumatic event happening to others, learning that a traumatic event has occurred to a close family member that may have occurred as a result of violence or a tragic accident, or experiencing repeated or extreme exposure to adverse details of traumatic events i.e. firefighters police EMT. B. The person experiences intrusive symptoms such as distressing memories of the event distressing dreams or nightmares disassociative reactions like flashbacks where they feel that they are we living event or becoming highly distressed exposure to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble a traumatic event. There is also intense psychological arousal to internal or external cues that resemble some aspect of the Trumatic event. C. There is persistent avoidance or efforts to avoid disturbing memories thoughts or feelings associated with the Trumatic event and avoidance of external reminders of a traumatic event such as people places conversations activities objects that may be associated with a traumatic event. D. , Diminished interest in activities feeling detached or strange from others and a lasting inability to experience any positive emotion such as joy happiness or loving feelings. E. Marked alterations in emotional reactivity such as hypervigilance reckless or destructive behavior irritability exaggerated startle response and problems with concentration or falling asleep

A new approach to threatening situations is called

A.L.I.C.E. Alert lock down inform counter evacuate

Multiple variations of how people grieve are

Affective cognitive or behavioral and somatic

Borderline personality disorder individuals are usually involved in very intense

All or nothing types of relationships

Before planning a memorial

Allow for the passage of time and some emotional distance from the event. It is advisable because emotions need an opportunity to subside so that an appropriate commemoration can be created

Some immediate research suggests that panic disorder is really a

Breathing disorder because when a person is predisposed to panic attacks and feel slightly anxious they often begin to hyperventilate

In providing crisis intervention services to individuals experiencing a mood disorder it is important to

First establish rapport

For a diagnosis of major depression symptoms must be persistent for

At least two months

Hallucinations that are more common to people with schizophrenia are

Auditory hallucinations

In stabilization to control delusional and hallucinatory symptoms

Austin antipsychotic medications are used like PHENOTHIAZINES. Brand names like Thorazine Haldol and Stelazine.

Be careful when sending a borderline personality for a referral for medication because

Austin is approached on a trial and error basis with this population

Risk factors for schizophrenia's are

Being male, younger than 30 years old, unemployed, with a high level of education, a chronic relapsing course, prior depression in the last episode of active schizophrenic symptoms, and a recent hospital discharge.

The three leading causes of death among individuals aged 15 to 24 are

Car accidents suicide and homicide's

histrionic personality disorder

Characterized by a tremendous need to be the center of attention and often experience a great deal of drama in their every day lives. They are often the life of the party and can be quite seductive and charming but they can also be very prone to experiencing crisis.

Bipolar disorder

Characterized by two phases. The manic phase with extremely high levels of energy taking a mile talking a mile a minute sometimes grandiose ideas inflated self-esteem racing thoughts distractibility and excessive activity. The depression phase

Components of a school attack include

Chronic history of school problems, a triggering event, verbalize threats overheard by several peers, and access to a firearm a firearm

Two techniques found to be helpful in crisis management and ongoing treatment of PTSD and ASD are

Clinical hypnosis and EMDR eye movement desensitization

New antipsychotic medications with fewer Parkinson like side effects are

Clozaril, zyprexa or dispersal

Psychological safety issues include

Collect data re-engineer whole school communities to promote positive in lasting behavior change, promote student resiliency, Foster school bond Ness and connectedness, enhance positive school climate, provide adequate school mental health services, reach out proactively to needy students and families in need of support, endorse evidence based reading academic instruction, support evidence base humane discipline policies that promote prosocial behavior rather than just eliminate antisocial behavior, screen at risk children the earlier the better, train all staff and students and suicidal awareness education.

Important tasks that should be a part of the crisis plan include

Completion of a crisis fact sheet, planning for the afternoon faculty meeting, planning the schedule for the first day back to school after the shooting, planning for the evening parent meeting, planning follow-up for the next day, scheduling a regular crisis team meetings,

Symptoms of delirium include

Confusion, memory disturbance, disorientation to time place person poor decision making and poor judgment delusions bizarre behavior and in some instances hallucinations

Suppression

Consciously and intentionally pushing unpleasant feelings out of one's mind

Additional preventative efforts that school districts can make include

Convincing students of the roles and prevention of school violence Eliminating barriers to effective student staff communication Reaching out in a proactive way to students in distress or in some other needed assistance Discussing with the school community particularly with parent groups the importance of gun safety and storage Establishing strong anti-bullying policies and programs at the school Create a warm and nurturing school climate.

Elizabeth Kubler - Ross is most well known on the grieving process her stages are as follows

Denial and isolation, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

Most crisis counselors are versed in using techniques that don't require as much training such as

Diaphragmatic breathing, guided imagery, and progressive muscle relaxation

Severe reactions that suggest a need for additional help beyond school-based personnel are

Disassociation, hyper arousal, persistent reexperiencing of the event, persistent avoidance of reminders, significant depression, psychotic symptoms, and suicidal homicidal talk

Crisis counselors often first encounter individuals with PTSD when they are experiencing

Outcry symptoms. Because this is when all the emotions that have been suppressed during the denial phase come flooding in

Behavioral and somatic

Disturbed sleep a loss of appetite crying fatigue loss of desire to interact with others physical symptoms such as panic attacks a feeling of emptiness heart palpitations loss of sexual desire or increase sexual drive hollowness or aching in the stomach headache muscle pain or muscle weakness

Disinfected disconnect students with no sense of bond with the school are more inclined to

Drop out and engage in antisocial behavior

Two major studies investigating how Americans suffer from various psychiatric disorders are

EC a survey epidemiological catchment area and NCS the national Commorbidity study

No child left behind requirements

Each local board of education shall establish plans, procedures, and mechanisms for responding to emergencies and crises. The plan should consider defining roles of district and building staff establish parameters for memorials coordinating with communications media community agency working crisis response teams training and development guidelines for working with communications media and establishing guidelines for parent outreach.

Psychiatric crisis involves disturbances in

Emotion thoughts or behavior and conduct

Borderline personality disorder is marked by

Emotional dysregulation suggesting that people with BPD have difficulty coping with the daily ups and downs or emotional upsets that most people experience. They seem to lack the ability to self sooth or comfort themselves especially during times of disappointment apprehension or despair often from the suicidal acting out and self-mutilation

Affective

Emotional feelings of sadness despair guilt loneliness anxiety helplessness hopelessness numbness disinterest or apathy regarding work or school or feelings of emancipation and relief are all common reactions

In dealing with school related suicide the following steps should be taken immediately

Engaging the school crisis team Contacting the victims family Calling together the school staff Informing students of the news

Crisis counselors experience most of the disadvantages when it comes to Hotline calls

First it is difficult to assess someone when you are not able to read body language facial expression or other observable behaviors. It is almost impossible to assess someone who is extremely intoxicated or under the influence of drugs. Second it is certainly more difficult to ensure the safety of a person who is calling when the counselor may not know their name or even where they are calling from.

Prevention and or mitigation includes physical safety like...

Ensure building access only to those individuals who have expressed and/or scheduled reason for being there. Designate only one entrance to the building despite the availability of multiple doors. Plant shrubs and bushes far from the school building itself to prevent possible a salad from hiding. Require a personal ID of all employees. Understand and for school contact code the code which focuses on reinforcing and rewarding positive prosocial behavior rather than relying on punishing negative behavior. Develop and strength in the schools anti-bullying policies. Have staff available visible and able to supervise. Allow data to inform additional measures as individual districts needs dictate

Crisis intervention has its roots in

Eric Lindemann's clinical work following the Coconut Grove fire

borderline personality disorder

Experience tremendous difficulty in modulating or regulating emotions, especially when it comes to tolerating boredom, loneliness, or feelings of rejection or abandonment.

Narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by

Extreme self-centeredness a grandiose sense of self importance preoccupations with unlimited success power wealth and a drive to be admired.

Factors to consider when assessing the risk for imitative suicidal behavior include

Facilitated the suicide, failed to recognize the suicidal intent, believes they may have caused the suicide, had a relationship with the victim, identified with the victim, have a history of suicidal behavior, have a history of psycho pathology, has suffered significant losses, lack social support resources

And if disorder is often times referred to as a

Fear of fear

Conclusions from these two studies were

First three most frequently occurring psychiatric disorders are anxiety disorders such as panic disorder phobia and generalized anxiety mood disorders which include both unipolar depression and bipolar disorders and substance use disorders which include both alcohol and drug addiction's

Once trauma is stabilized there are other treatments that can be helpful such as

Group therapies as long as the individuals have suffered from the same type of trauma

When providing crisis counseling for cluster B personality disorders it is important to make certain that they are not

Harboring suicidal ideation in the face of rejection or abandonment

Physical symptoms of panic disorder are

Hyperventilation, gasping for air, numbness or para thesis, heart pounding, dizziness, or lightheadedness. All symptoms can be easily mistaken for a heart attack

Trauma informed counseling

I'm going bereavement counseling to manage the most difficult symptoms it realizes the widespread impact of trauma and understands the path of recovery recognize the signs and symptoms of trauma and clients families and other members involved has knowledge about trauma into policies procedures and practices and six to actively resist Re-traumatizingindividual

Guided imagery exercise

Illicit scenes that the patient finds most relaxing beneficial if it is not with another person

The onset of schizophrenia often occurs

In the late teens or early 20s. Interestingly these individuals with a cute positive symptoms are considered to have a better prognosis than individuals with chronic long-term negative symptoms.

Warning signs of a mental health crisis

Inability to cope on a daily basis for example change and hygiene refusing to eat sleeping all day Rapid mood swings Increased agitation Abusive behavior Loses touch with reality psychotic thinking Isolation from school work family and friends Unexplained physical symptoms facial expression change not feeling well increased headaches stomachaches

ICS

Incident command system structure used across agencies to manage emergencies

The ICS division of labor includes the following functions

Incident command: the managers typically the school principal or superintendent of schools who organize and coordinate the crisis response Planning and intelligence: the singers who coordinate the team and review status of the crisis response Operations: the doers who provide immediate services to those affected by a crisis typically district psychologists counselors nurses and social workers although practitioners in the community may be called on if needed in the school Logistics: the gutters those who take care of communication and supplies Finance: the payers those who track costs and finance requirements

10 key findings from the SSI investigators of school crisis

Incidents at school are rarely sudden impulsive acts. Prior to most incidents other people knew about the shooters and tent and or actual plan Most attackers did not threaten their targets directly before the attacks There is no accurate profile of students who engage in targeted school violence. Most shooters engaged in some behavior prior to the incident that caused others concern, usually adults. Most attackers had problems coping with personal loss or failure (nearly 3/4 had threatened to attempt suicide) Many attackers felt bullied persecuted or injured by others. Most attackers had access to and had used handguns. Other students were involved in the attack in some capacity. Despite the response of law-enforcement to the attacks most attacks for brief and we're stopped by people other than law-enforcement.

When alerting the crisis team and determining the level of response for each member is important to remember

Individuals do not react the same way to the same violent event whether distant or proximate. Most individuals exposed to a violent event recover on their own without help. Providing crisis intervention for children who don't need it does more harm than good therefore make sure you provided only for those who need it

For psychiatric crisis it is necessary for a counselor to identify

Issues or possible triggering events in order to assist the person in developing a plan which hopefully prevent the problem from reoccurring in the future

Alcohol and drug intoxication often increase suicidal risk in at risk populations because

It intensifies an already existing depression which adds to feelings of hopelessness and helplessness

Neurocognitive disorders ND

Known for their lack of conscience and lack of remorse. Known to commit criminal acts and are quite adept at manipulating or conning others they also lack the concern for well-being of others and exists on a spectrum. On one end of the spectrum or white-collar criminals con artists unscrupulous and corrupt politicians while at the other end of the spectrum are rapists murderers and serial killers.

Practice crisis drills include

Lockdowns intruder in school the practice of holding children in class evacuations fire bomb threat reverse it activations having students outside the building to return inside for severe weather duck cover hold positions for earthquakes and tornadoes shelter in place chemical biological weapons other drills as the data and school needs dictate

traumatic bereavement

Loss of a loved one through Trumatic circumstances involving violence damage the love ones body etc.

Subtypes of unipolar depression are

Major depression and dysthymia

Another high-risk group for suicide is

Males 45 years or older

SUD test subjective units of distress

May be helpful use as a rating scale to get an idea of how intense the person's anxiety maybe

School crisis plans should approach memorialization in two parts

Memorial services immediately after an event typically within a week and permanent memorials

Psychotic medications can produce side effects such as

Mimicking Parkinson's disease hand tremors lip smacking facial grimacing tar dive they Canisius

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia often times

More serious and distressing to the individual and their family. At this point they are more likely to act out or be referred for psychiatric evaluation

Cluster B personality disorders are most likely to present crisis and are composed of the following subtypes

Narcissistic personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, histrionic personality disorder, and antisocial personality disorder.

NIMS

National Incident Management System

Several noteworthy points to Kubler Ross's stages are

Not everyone experiences the stages in sequence even though the stages are said to be sequential. We find that people often bounce between stages at various points during the course of their illness In doing crisis intervention and bereavement situations, it is possible for individuals to present in any of these stages except for acceptance so patients in crisis may present with anger bargaining or depressed feelings

Indirect suicidality is

Often associated with mood altering chemicals which can increase the chances of this

Dementia

Often occurs slowly and may often be in perceptible at first as gaps in memory may be chalked up to senior moments or normal aging however usually short term memory problems become progressive and more problematic over time. It's not usual For people with dementia to forget to turn off the stove or to lock the door some may forget their way home and drive around for hours becoming more and more confused and agitated

The Jewish adage and concept for grief is

One week one month one year.

According to Bowlby - Who is most famous for his work on attachment theory and separation and loss from a psychodynamic perspective describes phases of mourning in three phases

Phase 1 the urge to recover the lost object or person 2. disorganization and despair and phase 3 reorganization

Bulbi and parks revised phases are

Phase of numbing, phase of yearning and searching, phase of this organization in despair, phase of re-organization

Two types of symptoms of schizophrenia are grouped into these categories

Positive symptoms( Hallucinations delusions difficulty communicating thoughts logically abnormal movements such as rocking or headbanging paranoia or anxiety) and negative symptoms( Anehdonia lack of ability to socialize or connect with others lack of energy and difficulty with maintaining concentration)

Zero tolerance

Predetermined consequences applied to a behavior regardless of its severity mitigating circumstances or situational context

The ERMC emergency response in crisis management four phases

Prevention/mitigation, preparedness, response crisis intervention, and recovery

Risk assessment and early salary risk considers factors such as

Prior history of violent behavior, age, social stressors, substance-abuse, personality traits, and psychopathology.

Rather appropriate activities to memorialize the person should be

Proactive and preventative in nature, contributing money to a local hotline, developing student assistance programs, or contributing in someway to a suicide prevention program in the school or community.

The ICD has a diagnosis called

Prolonged grief disorder

In crisis response to school related suicide...reinforce prevention and coping among all survivors by doing the following

Providing ongoing information to students regarding a host to practice practices, knowing where to turn for help for self or others provide contact information for school and community mental health services. Recognize warning signs among friends and knowing when to make referrals for assistance. Understanding that problems can be solved without resorting to suicide.

unipolar depression

Refers to individuals who experience depressive moods which permeate their lives

According to Lindemann,Acute Grief reactions have five characteristics

Somatic distress preoccupation with the image of the deceased guilt hostile reactions loss of patterns of conduct daily life disruptions

Schizophrenics are at a higher risk for

Suicid

Memorials of any kind should not be provided in the case of a death by

Suicide

Of the types of therapy available for counseling parents who lost a child the best are

Support groups are a couple so that experience the same loss can share and better understand the pain that he's are going through

Do not take an ethnocentric view which is

That American culture is all that counts

Which therapeutic model is used to provide intervention for a person in the throes of suicidal crisis

The LAPC model listening assess planning and commitment

PREPARE

The NASP national Association of school psychologists has developed a crisis prevention intervention protocol known as

Austin is approached on a trial and error basis with this population

Two of the most prevalent disorders within the category are delirium and dementia

Mourning has two historical meetings

The first involves a wide range of intrapsychic processes with conscious and unconscious brought on by the experience of loss. The second involves the cultural response to grief. Implied here is that there is no one acceptable style of morning.

Pathological grief reactions are described as

The mourner continues to remain immobilize even after many months or years have passed the person may be unable to work attend religious services or may refrain from any social contact

Psychological triage

The process of evaluating and sorting victims by immediacy of treatment needed and directing them to immediate or delayed treatment. the goal of triage is to do the greatest good for the greatest number of victims

Rando's distinction and definition of grief

The process of psychological, social, and somatic reactions to the perception of loss. This implies that grief is a manifested in each of the physiological social and somatic realms, a continuing development involving many changes, a natural expectable reaction, the reaction to the experience of many kinds of loss not necessarily death alone, and based on the unique individualistic perception of loss by the griever that is it is not necessary to have the last recognized or validated by others for the person to experience grief.

bereavement

The state of having suffered a loss

Psychological factors that can influence the grief reaction

The unique nature and meaning of the loss sustained or the relationship suffered The roles that the deceased occupied in the family or social system of the grieved Grief is determined by the individuals coping behaviors personality mental health and their level of maturity and intelligence. Grief is influenced by the individuals past experience with loss and death Grief reactions are influenced by the individuals social cultural ethnic and religious and or philosophical background Grief reactions are influenced by age Grief is influenced by the characteristics of the deceased Grief is influenced by the individuals perception of the deceased fulfillment in life Grief is influenced by whether the death is sudden or expected Grief can also be influenced by concurrent stresses or crisis

PTSD often go through stages in the aftermath of an event

They may experience DENIAL of the Trumatic event, a feeling that this is not happening to me which is then followed by OUTCRYwhich point the person is often flooded with many painful memories related to the trauma. In the next stage INTRUSIVENESS the person is bothered by intrusive thoughts or recollections of the Trumatic incident or they may experience nightmares all of which bring more painful emotions. In the next stage WORKING THROUGH the person "the journey of coming to grips with the traumatic events by talking about what they experienced. Final stageCOMPLETION where the person can incorporate the trauma into their life experience has learned from it and they can become a survivor of the incident rather than continuing to be a victim.

Threat assessment protocol

This assessment considers context and circumstances surrounding a threat in order to uncover any evidence that indicates the threat is likely to be carried out it also includes interventions designed to manage and reduce the risk of violence

ASD (acute stress disorder)

This is the same as PTSD but experience for a shorter period of time. Three days to one month of the trauma

The goal of crisis counseling in the outcry stage is

To help the person express all that here she is feeling but also to help them gain some control over these emotions so that they are not overwhelmed by intrusive thoughts recollections or emotions that interfere with their ability to function

An old Christian adage and concepts for the milestones of grief is

Two weeks to months and two years. This suggests that the first two weeks after death of a loved one are the most difficult two months are said to represent the difficulty of making it through the first two months of trying to readjust to life without the deceased. The significance of two years is to represent getting past the first year we're anniversaries we heavily with the first Christmas or New Year's or Thanksgiving by the second year these anniversaries and holidays take on a different seal and may be approached with less trepidation.

Repression

Unconscious inability to recollect info

Two major subtypes of mood disorders are

Unipolar depression and bipolar disorder

Why is psychiatric crisis unique

Unlike other types of crisis discussed earlier psychiatric crisis can come about in reaction to internal psychological emotional catalysts as well as external triggers

Individuals with major depression

Usually have difficulty functioning in every day life. They feel pervasive sadness often cannot sleep or want to sleep all the time. The same holds true for appetite people with major depression often lose interest in life they like energy and nothing really seems to give them much pleasure.

Prevent and prepare reaffirm evaluate provide and respond examine

What prepare stands for

decompensating

When a person is re-experiencing psychotic symptoms that have been controlled by medication in the past

When understanding the threat perceptions the crisis team needs to understand

With the crisis means to individual students, how students may identify with the event or with the victim, how adult reactions to crisis are important influences on students sweat perceptions.

PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder) Can be produced by mini different events such as

Witnessing to her attacks, sustaining an auto or boating accident, and during a natural disaster, being a refugee from a war zone, being held captive in a hostage situation, surviving assault such as a rape or a robbery can also produce PTSD symptoms

When crisis counseling a narcissistic personality remember

You are not providing end up psychotherapy but rather short term assistance to resolve initial crisis. It may help to bolster the clients damaged ego by emphasizing pass achievements or stressing the superiority

A high-risk group for suicide is

Young people ages 15 to 24

progressive muscle relaxation

a technique of learning to relax by focusing on relaxing each of the body's muscle groups in turn. Arms legs hands chest buttocks shoulders neck face

diaphragmatic breathing

deep breathing. In through the nose and exhale through the mouth at your own pace without taking deep breath's

Anhedonia

inability to experience pleasure