True/False, Chamberlain's Political Theory: Multiple choice
What are some of Kollontai's criticisms of the bourgeois women's movement?
-No significant improvements without relying on achievements of working class -Formal equality doesn't address the root causes of the oppression working women suffer -NOT the lack of wanting to collaborate with working women because they believe they are superior
The opening line of the communist manifesto
A spectre is haunting Europe - the spectre of communism
Plato's depiction of Socrates is considered to be:
Accurate in early works (Apology), but not in later works (Republic)
The application of historical materialism to the family results in:
An understanding of how the family form reflects broader economic arrangements
Why do the Utopians need few laws?
Because people have been taught to be good by their education and socialization
What best captures what Locke means by "license?"
Being unconstrained by the law
What best describes Rousseau's understanding of sovereignty? Absolute power of the________guided by _______
Body politic, their general will
The academy of what city set the essay competition to which rousseau responded?
Dijon
Locke's preferred form of government is:
Doesn't matter, so long as it's limited
According to Locke, under no circumstances may citizens rise up against a government to which they have given their consent
False
According to Socrates, wisdom is measured by the amount of knowledge you hold
False
Anarchists want to bring about apocalypse so that they can return to a simpler life
False
For Hobbes, the state of nature is not necessarily one of war
False
For Locke there is no difference between political power and the power of parents over their children
False
For Rousseau, the larger the population, the greater the liberty
False
Hobbes believes in a system of limited government
False
Hobbes recognizes that there is no freedom under his proposed government but says that's the price we must pay for security
False
Kropotkin regards mutual aid as less significant than the state in helping advance the human race
False
Locke believes in a system of absolute government
False
Locke defines tyranny as when one branch takes over the function of another
False
Locke is opposed to the death penalty as it violates the inalienable right to life
False
Marx doesn't care about freedom
False
Marx opposed automation in order to protect jobs
False
Raphael thought philosophers should try to advise those in positions of power
False
Rousseau argues that only a democracy counts as a true republic
False
Rousseau believes no government can ever be legitimate
False
Rousseau believes that man is social by nature
False
Rousseau proposes the dismantlement of nation-states and a return to the fair simpler life of the "noble savage"
False
Rousseau thinks man is bad by nature
False
Rousseau's Discourse on the Origins of Inequality is an example of ideal theory
False
Rousseau's Social Contract is an example of non-ideal theory
False
Socrates thought it was unjust to give up his life when he could save it
False
Socrates was a student of Plato's
False
Socrates would have escaped from jail but his friends were worried about how that would affect their reputation
False
The Hobbesian contract is between the people and the sovereign
False
The Hobbesian sovereign is necessarily one person
False
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights carefully justifies human rights before listing the core rights themselves
False
The root words of the term "anarchy" literally means chaos
False
The slogan of communism is "from each according to his abilities, to each according to his work"
False
The state of nature is a trick pulled by the poor on the rich, so that the former can get richer
False
Thomas More claimed to have visited Utopia himself
False
The name of Marx's collaborator on the communist manifesto
Friedrich Engels
What does Locke not explicitly base his theory of government on: Life, Liberty, or happiness?
Happiness
The "state of nature" is a description of (hobbes locke):
Human interactions without government
Socrates was charged with what?
Impiety and Making the city worse by corrupting the youth
In capitalism, what is the main function of the state according to marx?
Manage the affairs of the Bourgeoisie
What best describes Rousseau's position on the state of nature?
May have never really existed, but it's still useful as a thought expiriment
In Marx's theory, exploitation refers to:
Not compensating workers for the full value of what they produce
What refers to the capitalist class?
Owners of the means of production, bourgeoisie
What best describes the Utopian attitude towards pleasure?
Pleasure is the goal of society
According to Socrates, life is not worth living (for men) if it doesn't involve:
Self examination
What does Rousseau explicitly mention as a cause of humans' failings?
Social institutions
Prerogative power is necessary because sometimes:
Sometimes the legislation takes too long
What is an incorrect representation of Rousseau's idea of absolute sovereignty?
Sovereign executing all of the power of the state itself
The glorious revolution refers to:
The coronation of william and mary
What, according to Rousseau, is the final stage in the state of nature?
The establishment of property
Locke bases his theory of property on:
The labor a person mixes with a thing
Political Legitimacy is:
The right to rule and the duty to obey
The English Civil War was a conflict between:
The royalists and parliamentarians
Anarchists oppose:
The state
Why does Rousseau propose "The total alienation of each associate, together with all of his rights, to the entire community?
This is the only way to ensure that you don't end up someone's slave.
According to Marx, it doesn't matter what class you think you're in, the decisive factor is your relation to the means of production
True
Ancient Athens didn't have a public prosecutor
True
Both Hobbes and Locke mention the law of nature, but only for Locke is it binding upon people in the same nature
True
Generally, Rousseau favors smaller scale republices
True
Goldman is more critical of religion than Kropotkin
True
Goldman was a US citizen but subsequently deported to the Soviet Union
True
Hobbes believes no individual should be sacrificed for the ends of the state.
True
Human rights took influence from the natural law tradition
True
In Hobbes' state of nature there can be no industry or culture
True
In the Communist Manifesto, communism is presented as an inevitable outgrowth of capitalism
True
Just because human rights have Western origins doesn't mean they're only supported by people with a Western upbringing
True
Kollontai adopts a Goldilocks approach to sex: neither too much nor too little is good for individuals and the community
True
Kollontai points out that we all too often think of romantic partners in terms of possessions
True
Locke argues that we consent to inequality by consenting to money
True
Locke believes that human labor is the sources of the most value of things
True
Rousseau claims that you can be forced to be free
True
Rousseau favors absolute sovereignty
True
Rousseau has a dynamic view of human nature
True
Rousseau holds that democracy is the appropriate form of government for gods, but unrealistic for men under most circumstances
True
Rousseau thought that non-human animals gave each other burials
True
The Lockean contract is between the people and the sovereign
True
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was not intended to impose legal obligations on the state
True
The Utopians counted pleasures of the mind as superior to those of the body
True
The literal meaning of "utopia" is "no-where place"
True
The majority doesn't necessarily correctly identify the content of the general will
True
human rights are rights you have by virtue of being:
a human
According to Hobbes, the law of nature is:
a precept discovered through reason that guides us to seep peace
Amerigo Vespucci was:
a real life florentine adventurer
Rousseau thinks that people who have entered the social contract form:
an association
what is the most democratic means of selecting government officials, according to rousseau?
by lot; although he realizes pure democracy is flawed
What explains the antagonism between capitalism and workers?
capitalists want workers to work longer, workers want to work fewer hours. Capitalists favor the monarchy, workers do not.
Which category is the most important in Marx's analysis of capitalism?
class
legitimate political authority according to rousseau is based on:
consent
The ancient greeks thought that travelling was:
essential to civilization
What can the general will not be?
eternal
Peter recommended public service because it promised happiness and power
false
What term do Marx and Engels explicitly use in their account of history?
feudal
Which kind of will does Rousseau think needs to guide sovereign acts?
general will
The best form of government, according to Rousseau, is:
it depends on the people and their land
What best describes Raphael's view of private property?
it makes a just and prosperous community all but impossible
Marx's overall attitude towards capitalism
love/hate
What is a form of government rousseau doesn't consider?
oligarchy
To form a government according to Hobbes we must surrender:
our natural liberty
Hobbes: "The life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and ________"
short
Hobbes belief in human equality stems from:
the belief that everyone has the equal capacity to kill another person
Which isn't a source of conflict according to Hobbes: The sovereign, glory, or diffidence?
the sovereign