Unit 1 AP Psych pt:1

Trinna and Suzanne are identical twins who were the same length at birth. They were adopted by different families at birth and then reconnected in their early thirties. Trinna is two inches shorter and was a severely selective eater as a child. A researcher was conducting an investigation about twins separated at birth. What research method and explanation best fit this scenario? Responses

A Case study, because both heredity and environment are important in determining length and height.

Which of the follow scenarios is the best example of natural selection? Responses

During a drought, the foliage in a region turns brown. More brownish moths than whitish moths from a particular breed survive predation and produce more offspring. Subsequent generations of moths have a higher percentage of brownish moths than the generation before.

The figure shows the myelin sheath, a semipermeable membrane that provides support and helps speed up the action potential in neurons. What condition occurs when the immune system causes the deterioration of the myelin sheath? Responses

Multiple sclerosis

A small sample of living neural tissue is being studied under a powerful microscope. The researcher notices that some of the neural cells have connections to capillaries and seem to nourish and support the other neural cells. What type of research is being conducted?

Naturalistic observation

Kara thinks she sees a spider on the floor of her bathroom. She is extremely afraid of spiders. Upon further inspection, though, she realizes the "spider" is only a ball of hair. Which of the following nervous systems would be responsible for calming her down after she realizes the ball of hair is not a spider? Responses

Parasympathetic nervous system

Which branch of the autonomic nervous system is described by the functions listed in Part B of the table?

Parasympathetic nervous system

Kara thinks she sees a spider on the floor of her bathroom. She is extremely afraid of spiders. Which of the following nervous systems would be responsible for her fearful reaction to the spider?

Sympathetic nervous system

Tamara's coach reminds the team not to eat for several hours before the basketball game because the digestive process will be slowed down due to the intense activity. Which of the following aspects of the peripheral nervous system is directly responsible for slowing down digestive processes during the game? Responses

Sympathetic nervous system

Which of the following is a prediction that could be made about the activity of the rats' brains when exposed to the stimulant? Responses

The MRI should show more oranges and reds when exposed to the stimulant.

What is the operational definition of neural activity in the rats?

The color presented in the MRI images.

The graph depicts which of the following? Responses

The process of neural transmission

Which psychological principle is represented in the area highlighted in the graph? Responses

The refractory period of the neural transmission process.

The physiological changes in the table most clearly represent activation of which of the following?

The sympathetic nervous system

Getting a headache from not having a morning coffee after substantial daily coffee consumption for several months is most likely due to which of the following concepts?

withdrawal

Based on its effects on the central nervous system, alcohol can be classified as which of the following concepts? Responses

a depresent

What type of study was being conducted by the researcher?

an experiment

A researcher studied rats to determine the effectiveness of a new drug on acetylcholine receptor sites. First, the rats were trained to find a reward at the end of a maze. Next, the rats were randomly assigned to two groups. One group of rats were injected with the new acetylcholine-like drug. The second group of rats were injected with a saline solution. Finally, researchers measured how many mistakes the rats made as they navigated the maze. Which of the following research methods was used by the researchers?

experimental

Johnny often hits his brother even though his brother does not do anything to antagonize him. Johnny's aggression is most likely due to a combination of which of the following factors? Responses

his genetic makeup, the environment he grew up in, and the fact that aggression can be evolutionarily adaptive

Ruth and Debbie are identical twins who were raised by the same family. Vince and Frankie are identical twins who were separated at birth and raised by different families. According to research on the heritability of personality traits, Ruth's and Debbie's personalities are statistically Responses

likely to be as similar and dissimilar to one another as are Vince's and Frankie's personalities

The drugs that block the reabsorption of neurotransmitters in the synapse during neural transmission are best identified as which of the following concepts?

reuptake inhibitors

Mark and Matt are twins. A psychologist studies Mark and Matt from birth until their 25th birthday. The psychologist gathers data about their likes and dislikes, extracurricular activities, school success, and doctor visits. The psychologist is interested in the interaction of nature and nurture on their development. Which of the following research methods is the psychologist using to study Mark and Matt? Responses

Case Study

Which of the following identifies the part of the nervous system the arrows are pointing toward? Responses

Central

Dimitri and Dominic are identical twins who were separated at birth and raised by different families. When they found each other through DNA tracking, they were surprised to see how different they were. Which research method would a psychologist most likely use to document their behavioral differences? Responses

Correlation