Unit 1 Government Study Guide

How is government in the United States today different from government in ancient Athens? The United States is a direct democracy. The United States allows citizens to vote. The United States is a republic. The United States has a unicameral legislature.

The United States is a republic.

Which statement best characterizes a dictatorship? The leader shares power, if necessary. The leader maintains power through force. The leader inherits power through birth. The leader is blessed by the church.

The leader maintains power through force.

What was the national government's biggest concern if facing a war, under the Articles of Confederation? The national government had no national military. The country had grown too large to defend with a small army. The states would not back the federal government. There was no way the states would pay for fighting a war.

The national government had no national military.

Under the Articles of Confederation, if Virginia had ten thousand citizens and Delaware had five thousand citizens, how many votes would each state have in the legislature? Virginia would have ten, and Delaware would have five. Virginia would have one, and Delaware would have five. Virginia would have one, and Delaware would have one. Virginia would have three, and Delaware would have two.

Virginia would have one, and Delaware would have one.

Which of these was not a key difference between Northern and Southern states at the Constitutional Convention? Wanting to protect states' interests vs. a government with strict rules Having more, larger cities vs. having fewer, smaller cities Wanting to protect agriculture vs. protect industries Having many enslaved people vs. using less enslaved labor

Wanting to protect states' interests vs. a government with strict rules

The preamble to the Declaration of Independence outlines the principles upon which the new government would be based. Which of these best describes one of those principles? a government based on a social contract the end of taxation without representation the removal of the British military a need for equality regardless of race or gender

a government based on a social contract

The Magna Carta established the rights of citizens. neighboring countries. non-Christian believers. military officers.

citizens.

In a _________ government, states function independently of one another.

confederal

In a federal system of government, power is divided between the national government and the states. held by one person who makes all the decisions. held by a central government that makes decisions. divided equally between all state governments.

divided between the national government and the states.

________ rights are basic rights to which all humans are entitled.

natural

Key privileges included in both the English Bill of Rights and the US Bill of Rights include protection against unusual punishment and the right to trial by jury. the rights to bear arms and to enact legislation after debate. the rights to equal taxation and to trial by jury. protection against unusual punishment and the right to suspend laws.

protection against unusual punishment and the right to trial by jury.

The issue of slavery at the Constitutional Convention was actually an issue about representation. taxes. population. legislature.

representation.

Once the delegates settled the Great Compromise, what issue did they tackle next? the New Jersey Plan the Virginia Plan the Electoral process for the presidency the Three-Fifths Compromise

the Three-Fifths Compromise

The Declaration of Independence intended to end British rule in the colonies, and grant citizens the right to freedom of speech the right to self-govern the ability to live without a government the ability to vote for a president

the right to self-govern

Which quotation from the Preamble to the Declaration of Independence supports the idea that the United States is based on a social contract? "Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed." "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal." "Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes." "[T]hey are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."

"Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed."

Which statement best defines a communist government? A communist government gives power to multiple branches. A communist government is an autocracy. A communist government is led by one political party. A communist government allows for limited voting.

A communist government is led by one political party.

Judeo-Christian principles refer to the religious beliefs and values held in common by Christians and Muslims. Christians and Jews. Buddhists and Jews. ancient Athenians and Christians.

Christians and Jews.

Read the quotation from the Declaration of Independence. "For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefit of Trial by Jury." Which legal change after the American Revolution most likely resulted from this grievance? Due process of law was implemented. A new legal system was founded. The court system was established. All colonial court cases were retried.

Due process of law was implemented.

All citizens in ancient Athens took part in government by voting in the Senate. Council of 500. General Assembly. legislative branch.

General Assembly.

Under what circumstances did John Locke think it would be acceptable for the people to overthrow the government? It is never acceptable, as overthrowing the government would be a violation of the social contract. If the people were to break the social contract and seek a different type of rule, the people could overthrow the government. If the government violated the social contract, the people could overthrow the government. If the government failed to accept new natural rights, the people could overthrow the government.

If the government violated the social contract, the people could overthrow the government.

Rome became a ________ at the end of the 6th Century BCE. Democracy Republic Dictatorship Theocracy

Republic

In addition to Judeo-Christian principles, American government was influenced by principles first used in ancient Greece and in Egypt. Rome. Babylon. Assyria.

Rome

In what way did ancient Athens influence the framers of the United States Constitution? All Athenians were allowed to vote. The legislative branch in Athens had two main bodies. The Council of 500 made all major decisions. Laws were made by the chief executive.

The Council of 500 made all major decisions

The document that provides the structure for the US government is the Declaration of Independence. the Articles of Confederation. the US Constitution. the Bill of Rights.

The US Constitution

Citizens would most likely state their views about issues affecting their community during a Supreme Court hearing. a congressional hearing. a state senate meeting. a city council meeting.

a city council meeting.

Thomas Paine's Common Sense pushed for a more radical solution than the First Continental Congress did in resolving issues of British rule. What was Paine's solution? declaring war on Britain invading Britain moving inland, beyond British territory declaring independence

declaring independence

Which practice is not an effective way for people to influence government policies? voting for or against the president of the United States discussing a policy with peers who share the same view voting for or against public safety and welfare services campaigning for a representative who is a policy expert

discussing a policy with peers who share the same view

State governments must follow which type of laws? local federal regional judicial

federal

The Magna Carta placed clear limits on the power of the citizens. army. king. Church.

king.

Who were considered citizens in ancient Athens? women men slaves all Athenians

men

What was the subject of the most debate between large and small states at the Constitutional Convention? taxes slavery representation delegaton

representation

According to John Locke,_________ must respect the rights of the citizens.

rulers

The Declaration of Independence is considered the first formal assertion by a people of their right to revolution. self-government. liberty. vote.

self-government.

The division of the US government into three branches is called public welfare. separation of powers. public works. separation of Congress.

separation of powers

The English Bill of Rights declared that each member of Parliament had the right to speak freely. refuse to pay taxes. disobey laws. serve as king.

speak freely.

Read this passage from the English Bill of Rights. That it is the right of the subjects to petition the king, and all commitments and prosecutions for such petitioning are illegal. This passage from the English Bill of Rights led to the protection of which right? the freedom to bear arms the right to pass taxes the freedom of speech the right to vote

the freedom of speech

The key idea of John Locke's Enlightenment theory was to protect and enhance the freedoms and rights of the government. the philosophers. the law. the individual.

the individual

What did the philosophers of the Enlightenment seek to understand? the natural rights behind religion's continued power the natural rights governing human behavior and society the natural rights that gave leaders absolute power the natural rights that governed the physical universe

the natural rights governing human behavior and society

If a power was not specified under the Articles of Confederation, who would be responsible for it? the federal government the legislature the states the delegates

the states

What are two types of oligarchies? theocracy and monarchy dictatorship and theocracy communism and dictatorship theocracy and communism

theocracy and communism

How many of the Ten Commandments can be found in the laws of the United States? none one all three

three

What is the main reason voters choose political candidates? to represent their interests in the economy to create policies that favor them to get rid of policies they do not like to represent their interests in government

to represent their interests in government

Which word best describes the central government that was created under the Articles of Confederation? powerful simplistic weak independent

weak

Which scenario is not guaranteed under the Articles of Confederation? State militias could provide for the nation's defense. The national government could pass a law to make theft illegal. A merchant could always use the same currency in Connecticut and Georgia. The government wants to settle a dispute with France by signing a treaty.

A merchant could always use the same currency in Connecticut and Georgia.

If the government under the Articles of Confederation was so ineffective, why were there no changes made to improve it? The national military would not allow changes to the Articles. There was no method by which changes to the Articles could be made. All the states had to agree in order to pass an amendment to the Articles. A court would have to approve any change to the Articles, and there was no court.

All the states had to agree in order to pass an amendment to the Articles.

John Locke, an Enlightenment-era philosopher, influenced the American movement for independence. Locke believed that all people were entitled to natural rights. Which quotation from the preamble to the Declaration of Independence refers to natural rights? "Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed." "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal." "[I]t is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security." "[T]hey are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."

"[T]hey are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."

What was the biggest difference between government in ancient Athens and in ancient Rome? Rome was a direct democracy, and Athens was not. Athens allowed all citizens to vote, while Rome was a republic. Athens allowed women and slaves to vote, but Rome did not. Rome had a bicameral assembly, and Athens did not.

Athens allowed all citizens to vote, while Rome was a republic.

The English document that laid the groundwork for judges in the US to rule based on precedent is known as the_______________

Commentaries on the Laws of England

Look at the diagram below. Limited Government/Rights for Citizens/ ________ Which heading best fits in the empty box to the right? Religion Protest Movements Common Law Judges

Common Law

Which of these statements best describes the Greek city-states? Each city-state had the same level of influence. Each city-state had the same social organization. Each city-state had its own form of government. Each city-state allowed all people to vote.

Each city-state had its own form of government.

What is the main difference between federal and confederal systems of government? In a federal system there is no centralized authority, while in a confederal system power is distributed equally among the states. In a federal system there is no centralized authority, while in a confederal system local offices give advice to a centralized authority. In a federal system there is centralized authority, while in a confederal system power is distributed equally among the states. In a federal system power is distributed equally, while in a confederal system the states have less authority than the central government.

In a federal system there is centralized authority, while in a confederal system power is distributed equally among the states.

Which statement best describes the two main functions of US government? It creates laws and provides leadership. It pays for services and controls the prices of goods. It provides loans and responds to emergencies. It organizes public works and helps businesses.

It creates laws and provides leadership.

Which statement about the Great Compromise is accurate? It included all of Edmund Randolph's ideas. It was a completely new and different plan. It overlooked the issue of state representation. It merged the ideas of multiple delegates' plans.

It merged the ideas of multiple delegates' plans.

Which is one of the many influences that helped to shape United States government documents, such as the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution? British imperialism Middle Eastern monarch rule Judeo-Christian principles the fall of Sparta

Judeo-Christian principles

Why did colonists feel the Articles of Confederation were necessary even though the Declaration of Independence was already written? The Declaration of Independence outlined a system of government but did not specify how much power that government could have. The Declaration of Independence determined individual rights but did not discuss how those rights influenced others. The Declaration of Independence called for a federal system of government but did not plan for the role of individual states. The Declaration of Independence outlined a relationship between individuals and the government but did not detail the power and control of that government.

The Declaration of Independence outlined a relationship between individuals and the government but did not detail the power and control of that government.

Read this passage from the English Petition of Right. [N]o man [should] be compelled to make or yield any gift, loan, benevolence, tax, or such like charge, without common consent by act of Parliament. What is the key idea in this passage? The king must agree to any law Parliament passes. There should be no taxation without representation. The king can't put someone in prison for no reason. People cannot give each other gifts unless Parliament approves.

There should be no taxation without representation.

What agreement did the delegates reach regarding enslaved people and representation with the Three-Fifths Compromise? They were not to be counted in the census at all. They were counted in the census as full equals. They were partially counted in the census. They were counted in the census in certain states.

They were partially counted in the census.

As the result of a conflict between British troops and a colonial militia in Massachusetts, the Boston Tea Party took place. Thomas Paine published Common Sense. the First Continental Congress was established. British troops began staying in the homes of colonists.

Thomas Paine published Common Sense.

What is the best definition of bicameral? a legislature based on size of the state an act of working as a lawmaker for a group a government made up of two parts or houses an agreement reached after long debate

a government made up of two parts or houses

An oligarchy is best defined as a government ruled by a dictator. a government ruled by a monarchy. a government ruled by a small, elite group. a government led by a large, select group.

a government ruled by a small, elite group.

When leaders use religious laws to govern, they most likely represent a democracy. an autocracy. a monarchy. a theocracy.

a theocracy.

How did the Enlightenment's theories of government view the role of government? as benevolent as absolute as transparent as useful

as useful

How did Enlightenment thinkers approach the study of government? by taking a historical view by taking a divine right view by taking a faith-based view by taking a secular view

by taking a secular view

How does a monarch typically take power? by being elected by taking over in a revolution by being appointed by leaders of a political party by taking over when the previous monarch dies or retires

by taking over when the previous monarch dies or retires

The Declaration of Independence refers to rights as being unalienable. What does "unalienable" mean? not foreign cannot be surrendered inherent compatible

cannot be surrendered

Which type of governmental power does a unitary system hold? centralized power state power shared power local power

centralized power

The most important way in which the Greeks influenced American democracy was by allowing city-states to follow their own form of government. citizens to participate in government. elected representatives to make all decisions. strong leaders to make all decisions.

citizens to participate in government.

A country governed by a central party is best characterized as communist. democratic. capitalist. aristocratic

communist.

The Constitution was a result of multiple legislations. democracies. compromises. populations.

compromises

In which system of government would states function independently of each other? solitary unitary federal confederal

confederal

William Blackstone was important because he wrote the Magna Carta. led the Glorious Revolution. wrote the English Bill of Rights. created a record of common law.

created a record of common law.

The men sent to the convention to represent their states were best known as representatives senators delegates politicians.

delegates

The two forms of democracy are national and state. republican and democrat. local and national. direct and representative.

direct and representative.

Which responsibilities were assigned to the central government under the Articles of Confederation? taxing goods and services maintaining a militia drawing up treaties publishing a newspaper

drawing up treaties

When the police arrest someone today, they must follow certain agreed-upon procedures. They are said to be following the rule of law. the separation of powers. due process. the legislative branch.

due process.

A public welfare service that the US government provides is firefighting. education. hospitals. electricity.

education.

A republic is a form of government where all citizens take an active role in decision making. military leaders represent the people. a chief executive makes all the decisions. elected officials represent the people.

elected officials represent the people.

In the US government, citizens play a key role in foreign policy. business. economic policy. elections.

elections

Because the framers of the US Constitution were concerned about citizens having too much power, they banned citizens from voting. organized a system of consuls and magistrates. established a republic. created a system of independently governed city-states.

established a republic.

In the modern world, many countries with kings or queens have evolved into constitutional democracies. In these countries, monarchs are mostly absolute dictators. prime ministers. political party leaders. figureheads.

figureheads.

John Locke helped develop the idea of a social contract between citizens and the monarchy. church. government. philosophers.

government.

In a unitary system of government, power is held by state governments. held by a central government. held by a single person. held by a group of people.

held by a central government.

The government provides a number of public safety services, including health inspections. workplace regulations. interstate transportation. law enforcement.

law enforcement

According to the 1790 census, where did most enslaved people live? only in the North mostly in the South mostly in the Mid-West only in the far West

mostly in the South

In a unitary system of government, local offices have equal power with the central government. elect representatives to the central government. can veto decisions made by the central government. must follow decisions made by the central government.

must follow decisions made by the central government.

John Locke believed humans are easily be molded by authority. instinctual and violent. good but corrupted by society. naturally reasonable.

naturally reasonable.

Which factors contributed to the beginning of the Enlightenment movement? Check all that apply. the age of science and scientific inquiry the revival of religious belief and study the age of reason-based inquiry the advancement in all areas of human interest the resurgence of past ideas and principles

the age of science and scientific inquiry the age of reason-based inquiry the advancement in all areas of human interest

What does the US government help regulate? the economy national elections the judiciary local government

the economy

Why did Montesquieu advocate the separation of powers? to stop political parties from gaining too much power to ensure power divisions along party lines to eliminate conflict between branches of government to limit the power of any single group or person

to limit the power of any single group or person

According to Thomas Hobbes, what is the purpose of government control over citizens? to provide safety and security to erase natural human tendencies to create a balanced society to overcome corruption

to provide safety and security

Which term is synonymous with "natural rights," according to Enlightenment philosophers? legal rights divine rights positive rights universal rights

universal rights

A direct democracy is one in which all citizens vote on important decisions. elect representatives to make decisions for them. choose a strong leader to make all the laws. vote in a Council of 500.

vote on important decisions.

Which best describes an important civic responsibility? legislating voting taxing teaching

voting

The Magna Carta was presented to King John in 1215 because people were tired of his tyrannical rule. wanted him to declare war on France. wanted to praise him for his good deeds. were afraid he was too weak a ruler.

were tired of his tyrannical rule.

As the colonies moved toward independence, the First Continental Congress was created in 1768. 1776. 1760. 1774.

1774.

How did the issue of slavery affect the debate on representation at the Constitutional Convention? Both regions recognized that how enslaved people were counted would significantly affect representation. The northern states were convinced that enslaved people should be included fully as a part of the population. The southern states knew counting enslaved people as part of the population would damage their governmental position. Neither region wanted the enslaved people counted as part of the population because it would skew their representation.

Both regions recognized that how enslaved people were counted would significantly affect representation.

Which statement about communism is the most accurate? Communism allows citizens to own property. Communism gives control to multiple branches. Communism allows citizens to elect leaders. Communism gives control to party leaders.

Communism gives control to party leaders.

Which best summarizes the social contract outlined in the Preamble to the Declaration of Independence? Government has the power to protect natural rights, but states must also protect their rights. Government has the power to protect natural rights, but people must also protect their rights. Government has the power to protect natural rights, but people can change their government if it fails to do so. Government has the power to protect natural rights, but states can challenge the government if it fails to do so.

Government has the power to protect natural rights, but people can change their government if it fails to do so.

Where did democracy begin? the Fertile Crescent Greek city-states the United States the Assyrian Empire

Greek city-states

Why did Thomas Paine question British authority to rule the colonies in Common Sense? He believed the king would only approve laws that benefited Britain. He believed Parliament did not understand the needs of the American people. He believed British laws could not be enforced from a distance. He believed the size of the colonies made them impossible for Britain to rule.

He believed the king would only approve laws that benefited Britain.

In an autocracy, what kind of power does the leader hold? He holds all the power. He holds limited power as an appointee. He is one of a group that holds power. He is only a figurehead.

He holds all the power.

Which statement best describes a similarity between voting in the US and in other democratic countries? In some countries, citizens do not have the right to vote. In some countries, citizens have the right to vote but choose not to. In some countries, citizens vote for communist leaders. In some countries, citizens vote for monarchs.

In some countries, citizens have the right to vote but choose not to.

How did the Great Compromise resolve the dispute about representation? It completely supported the creation of a unicameral legislature. It favored representation for the larger states over the smaller states. It created balance by blending the Virginia and New Jersey plans. It gave every state the same number of state representatives.

It created balance by blending the Virginia and New Jersey plans.

Which statement best describes how the US Constitution affects the separation of powers in the federal government? It divides government into three branches, overseen by the president. It guarantees that separate branches of government have similar powers. It divides government into three branches with separate powers. It guarantees that separate branches of government have unlimited powers.

It divides government into three branches with separate powers.

What purpose did the introduction to the Declaration of Independence serve? It outlined the principles behind the call for independence. It listed colonial grievances against the Crown. It indicated why independence was necessary. It declared independence from Britain.

It indicated why independence was necessary.

Which statement about the Virginia Plan is accurate? It called for a unicameral legislature. It supported the interests of the smaller states. It proposed an executive staff instead of a single executive. It inspired the creation of the New Jersey Plan.

It inspired the creation of the New Jersey Plan.

Why was it very difficult to get laws passed under the Articles of Confederation? All states had to agree before a law was passed. Nine of the states had to agree before a law was passed. Each state's vote was not equal, so there was too much disagreement. Citizens didn't always let their states know how they wanted them to vote.

Nine of the states had to agree before a law was passed.

Was the Declaration of Independence intended to be a formal declaration of war? Why or why not? Yes. Though fighting preceded the writing, it was intended to be a formal declaration of war. No. The war started a year before the Declaration of Independence was written. Yes. The Declaration of Independence formally united the militias of the individual colonies. No. There was no need to declare war, as this power had yet to be established.

No. The war started a year before the Declaration of Independence was written.

Which statement best describes a government in which there is no separation of powers? People's rights are guaranteed. One person rules and has absolute power. The legislature is divided into different branches. Judges decide the legality of laws passed by the legislature.

One person rules and has absolute power.

According to the English Bill of Rights, who makes laws regarding taxation? monarchs Parliament the judiciary the military

Parliament

A plan of action taken by government to achieve a goal is a regulation. service. policy. guarantee.

Policy

What is the biggest difference in citizen participation in government between ancient Athens and the modern United States? The General Assembly in the United States consists of all US citizens. Citizens in the United States vote directly on laws and important decisions. Citizens in the United States randomly select the Council of 500. The Congress in the United States consists of elected officials.

The Congress in the United States consists of elected officials.

Which statement about the delegates at the Constitutional Convention is accurate? The delegates all came to the convention from the same region. The delegates agreed on the same constitutional principles. The delegates agreed on what governmental changes were necessary. The delegates considered each one of their states to have independent interests.

The delegates considered each one of their states to have independent interests.

What was the primary way the farms in the South differed from those in the North? The farms of the South did not rely on enslaved labor. The farms of the South raised cash crops using a plantation system. The farms of the South only provided crops for southern families. The farms of the South were pushed aside for other industries.

The farms of the South raised cash crops using a plantation system.

Which best describes how the US government affects the economy? The government builds hospitals, regulates schools, and makes business rules. The government builds roads, regulates business, and makes job safety rules. The government builds police stations, regulates hospitals, and makes industrial rules. The government builds firehouses, regulates roads, and provides emergency services.

The government builds roads, regulates business, and makes job safety rules.

What was the result of administrative weaknesses under the Articles of Confederation? The national government could not maintain order. The national government overruled many state laws. The national government courts found people guilty without a trial. The national government taxes were too high.

The national government could not maintain order.

Under the Articles of Confederation, why was the national government unable to raise revenue? Check all that apply. The national government was not given the power to regulate trade. The national government needed approval from the states to collect taxes. The states voted to allow the national bank to go bankrupt. The state and national currencies competed with each other. The national government could not create national money.

The national government was not given the power to regulate trade. The national government needed approval from the states to collect taxes. The state and national currencies competed with each other.

Which statement best represents an economic weakness of the national government under the Articles of Confederation? The national government was unable to collect taxes. National and state taxes combined were too high for most citizens to pay. Congress set different tax rates for each state, leading to conflict. States refused to collect taxes on behalf of the national government.

The national government was unable to collect taxes.

Under the Articles of Confederation, why didn't the national government enforce the laws? The states had the power to enforce the national laws. The executive branch was ineffective in enforcing the laws. The national police force had no power to enforce the laws. The president was just a figurehead and could not enforce laws.

The states had the power to enforce the national laws.

Read this passage from the English Petition of Right. "[N]o man [should] be compelled to make or yield any gift, loan, benevolence, tax, or such like charge, without common consent by act of Parliament." What is the key idea in this passage? The king must agree to any law Parliament passes. There should be no taxation without representation. The king can't put someone in prison for no reason. People cannot give each other gifts unless Parliament approves.

There should be no taxation without representation.

Which reason most closely illustrates why the national government was unable to maintain law and order under the Articles of Confederation? There was no national court system. State approval was needed to pass laws. The nation had two systems of currency. The government was unable to regulate trade.

There was no national court system.

Why were taxes an ongoing source of conflict for the American colonists? They did not get sufficient government services. They paid a higher tax rate than those living in England. They were taxed without having representation in Parliament. They felt the taxes should be invested in colonial infrastructure.

They were taxed without having representation in Parliament.

Central and state governments influence each other in a unitary system. a federal system. a confederal system. a democratic system.

a federal system.

What is the best definition of unicameral? a representative of the people an agreement by which each party gives up something a government with one legislative body a government with no legislative body

a government with one legislative body

The fact that there was no national military under the Articles of Confederation was a weakness in which area of government? legislative judicial administrative economic

administrative

In a direct democracy, who votes on government policy? senators all citizens representatives only democrats

all citizens

A delegate proposes amending the Articles of Confederation. How many states would have to agree in order for the amendment to pass? a simple majority all of them three-fourths two-thirds

all of them

How did the philosophers of the Enlightenment view the relationship between government and the governed? as mutually beneficial as more beneficial to the government as more beneficial to the governed as balanced

as mutually beneficial

In a confederal system of government, power is given to the central government. given to the president exclusively. shared between the central and state governments. distributed equally among the state governments.

distributed equally among the state governments.

The concept of checks and balances ensures that each branch of government does not have power over the others. only one branch of government maintains power over the others. each branch of government has the ability to limit the power of the others. no branch of government has a separate power from the others.

each branch of government has the ability to limit the power of the others.

Read the quote by Baron de Montesquieu. When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same body of magistrates, there can be no liberty; because apprehensions may arise, lest the same monarch or senate should enact tyrannical laws, to execute them in a tyrannical manner. According to the quote, __________________ is lost if one person has too much power.

freedom

An important effect of the Magna Carta on English government was that it established a monarchy. gave voting rights to all citizens. reduced the rights of citizens. gave more power to the people and protected their rights.

gave more power to the people and protected their rights.

A purpose of government in the United States is to guarantee power for a single leader. guarantee rights for people worldwide. guarantee rights for its citizens. guarantee power for a few leaders.

guarantee rights for its citizens.

Common law follows the past rulings of King John. judges. lawyers. William Blackstone.

judges.

The part of the US government that interprets laws is the executive branch. vice president. Senate. judicial branch.

judicial branch.

The Magna Carta led to the creation of Parliament, England's executive branch. legislative branch. royal branch. judicial branch.

legislative branch.

What are the three branches of federal government set up by the Constitution? legislative, executive, and judicial congressional, executive, and legislative legislative, executive, and provisional constitutional, executive, and provisional

legislative, executive, and judicial

Locke argued that all humans are born with what natural rights? life, liberty, property life, cooperation, liberty opportunity, property, support opportunity, support, cooperation

life, liberty, property

The Ten Commandments are a list of rules for organizing government. ensuring the separation of powers. living and worshiping. ruling an empire.

living and worshiping.

Which act could be considered an acceptance of the social contract? paying the electric bill in exchange for using electricity viewing commercials in exchange for watching network news broadcasts observing traffic laws in exchange for driving on the highway paying the water bill in exchange for taking a shower

observing traffic laws in exchange for driving on the highway

During the Constitutional Convention, small states did not want their representation based on delegation. location. condition. population.

population.

The Glorious Revolution of 1688 demonstrated that Parliament had less power than ever before. the right to declare war. power over the English monarchy. the right to strengthen the power of the monarchy.

power over the English monarchy.

Common law refers to laws determined through due process. precedent. the rule of law. the separation of powers.

precedent

The Enlightenment was an age of inquiry based on _________________, not religion.

reason

The Virginia Plan supported the idea of representation based on population. unicameral legislation. equal representation of states. multi-cameral representation.

representation based on population.

Which example describes natural rights? rights that are given under specific circumstances rights that are granted to only certain citizens rights that can be restricted by government rights that should be protected by the government

rights that should be protected by the government

A benefit of a bicameral legislature is that it gives equal power to the men and women who hold key government positions. separates powers, keeping one body from gaining too much power. enables every citizen a chance to vote and make important decisions. gives all authority to a chief executive.

separates powers, keeping one body from gaining too much power.

What event prompted the formation of the First Continental Congress? the Boston Massacre the Boston Tea Party the battles of Lexington and Concord the publication of Thomas Paine's Common Sense

the Boston Tea Party

In which section of the Declaration of Independence is the purpose of government described? the Preamble the body the conclusion the grievances

the Preamble

Which factors contributed to the beginning of the Enlightenment movement? Check all that apply. the age of science and scientific inquiry the revival of religious belief and study the age of reason-based inquiry the advancement in all areas of human interest the resurgence of past ideas and principles

the age of science and scientific inquiry the age of reason-based inquiry the advancement in all areas of human interest

Read the quote from Immanuel Kant. Have the bravery to use your own reason! - that sums up the meaning of enlightenment. According to the quote, the Enlightenment encourages people to _________________ for themselves.

think

Which was a main reason for creating the Articles of Confederation? to determine the power of states and the federal government to have a tax system to generate money to outline the role of individual citizens in government to have a strong national government after the Revolutionary War

to determine the power of states and the federal government

Read the quote by Thomas Hobbes. Law was brought into the world for nothing else but to limit the natural liberty of particular men in such manner as they might not hurt but assist one another and join together against a common enemy. According to Hobbes, what is the primary purpose of the social contract? to protect rights to remove rights to reduce liberty to expand liberty

to reduce liberty

A bicameral legislature is made up of how many bodies? one two three four

two