Unit 1 (My AP)

A double-blind control is essential for which of the following?

Assessment of a treatment designed to reduce schizophrenic symptoms

Introspection as practiced by early structuralists is best illustrated by which of the following behaviors?

Describing one's immediate sensations while looking at a rose.

A psychologist gives the same test to a class of students at the beginning of the day and again at the end of the school day. The extent to which test scores are similar across the two administrations demonstrates which of the following test properties?

Reliability

An instructor conducted an experiment to determine the effects of two different methods of study on the amount students learned in introductory physics. The results showed that the average amount learned by the group using one method was greater than the average amount learned by the group using the other. However, the difference was not statistically significant. Which of the following is the most appropriate conclusion to be drawn?

There is a possibility that the difference between the two groups occurred by chance.

Operational definitions are used for which of the following reasons?

They enable researchers to replicate studies by precisley decribing the variables and how they are used.

The next questions refer to the situation described below. In an experiment designed to determine whether watching violent scenes on television increases the frequency of aggressive behavior in children, one group of subjects saw a nonviolent cartoon and another group saw a violent cartoon. In the play period that followed the viewing of the cartoons, researchers observed the two groups of children together and counted instances of aggressive behavior. The dependent variable in the experiment is the

amount of aggressive behavior exhibited by the children.

Which of the following is the strongest correlation?

-.90

10, 3, 5, 7, 10, 3, 10, 5, 2 The numbers above represent the quiz results for a psychology class. What is the median score for the class?

5

A test has a mean of 80 with a standard deviation of 4. Which of the following scores is within one standard deviation of the mean?

77

What type of graph would a researcher use to represent these data?

A scatterplot

According to one theory of psychology, many people have mental illnesses because their maladaptive behaviors have proven rewarding for them in the past and thus have been continued. This belief is consistent with which of the following models?

Behavioral

In which of the following types of research are the same children tested periodically at different points in their development

Longitudinal

The correlation between two measures obtained on a group of individuals is graphically represented as a

Scatterplot

A research design involves two randomly assigned groups of participants. One group receives a one-time treatment, and the other does not. Later, the two groups are compared to see whether the treatment had an effect. Psychologists call this kind of research

a experiment

Ethical principles developed by the American Psychological Association help ensure that human participants in psychological research

are protected from physical and psycholohical harm.

In a research study, informed consent is a concern of

ethics

According to the ethical guidelines set by the American Psychological Association (APA), which of the following is true of psychological research in which animals are used as subjects?

it should conform to all APA ethical guidelines for animal research.

A study can be regarded as scientific only if

its conclusions can be verified or refuted by subsequent studies

A disadvantage of longitudinal studies is that

participants who drop out during the course of the study may be different in important ways from ones who do not drop out

All of the following are American Psychological Association ethical guidelines for researchers EXCEPT:

research may not involve deception

Which of the following is true of the American Psychological Association?

t addresses a number of ethical guidelines for the practice of psychology.

According to psychoanalytic theory, the bases for the development of mental disorders are

unconscious conflicts that produce anxiety

The next questions refer to the situation described below. In an experiment designed to determine whether watching violent scenes on television increases the frequency of aggressive behavior in children, one group of subjects saw a nonviolent cartoon and another group saw a violent cartoon. In the play period that followed the viewing of the cartoons, researchers observed the two groups of children together and counted instances of aggressive behavior. The control group in the experiment is the group that

watched the nonviolent cartoon