UNIT 1: PSYCHOLOGY

Which of the following approaches to psychology emphasizes observable responses over inner experiences when accounting for behavior? A Behaviorist B Cognitive C Existentialist D Psychodynamic E Structuralist

A Behaviorist

John B. Watson is best known as the founder of A behaviorism B functionalism C rationalism D structuralism E mechanism

A behaviorism

Cognitive psychologists are most likely to study A the acquisition of knowledge, planning, and problem solving B how infants move from basic trust to autonomy C the conflicts of the conscious and the unconscious D the relationship of cephalocaudal and proximodistal development E how attribution processes vary across cultures

A the acquisition of knowledge, planning, and problem solving

Which of the following perspectives argues that every person has the potential to become self-actualized? A Humanistic B Behavioral C Gestalt D Cognitive E Psychodynamic

A) Humanistic

What is the main difference between structuralists and functionalists? a) Structuralists attempt to understand the mind's components, while functionalists attempt to understand how the mind helped us to evolve and survive. b) Functionalists set up the first psychology experiment. c) Structuralists were focused on empirical proof, while functionalists were focused on introspection.

A) Structuralists attempt to understand the mind's components, while functionalists attempt to understand how the mind helped us to evolve and survive.

What is the correct chronological order of the following perspectives of psychology, from past to present? 1 Behaviorism 2 Psychoanalysis 3 Structuralism 4 Humanism A I, II, III, IV B II, III, IV, I C I, IV, III, II D III, II, I, IV E III, II, IV, I

D III, II, I, IV

An evolutionary psychologist would explainthat humans desire social interaction, social acceptance, and social affiliation due to a need for A achievement B individualism C behavioral change D survival E self-actualization

D survival

The belief that human behavior is the result of unconscious drives and conflicts represents which of the following theoretical perspectives? A Behavioral B Biological C Cognitive D Humanistic E Psychoanalytic

E Psychoanalytic

Which psychologist was famous for psychoanalytic theory? a) Sigmund Freud b) Margaret Floy Washburn c) Edward Bradford Titchener d) Mary Whiton Calkins

a) Sigmund Freud

B.F. Skinner & John B. Watson can be classified as a) behavioral psychologists b) structuralists c) psychiatrists

a) behavioral psychologists

Which of the following best explains the difference between Freud's psychoanalytic theory and Masolw's humanistic psychology? a) Freud only studied healthy people, where as humanistic psychology focused only on the mentally ill. b) Humanistic psychology studied healthy people in order to help others reach their potential, while Freud studied people struggling with disorders in order to uncover their unconscious.

b) Humanistic psychology studied healthy people in order to help others reach their potential, while Freud studied people struggling with disorders in order to uncover their unconscious.

Introspection, a research tool used by early psychologists, is a technique which involves a)correlational analyses B)machines designed for cognitive analysis C)survey methodology D)self-examination of mental processes E)teaching participants to multitask

d) Self-examination of mental processes