Unit 2
A client is scheduled for abdominal surgery and is ordered to receive neomycin. The client asks the nurse why this drug is prescribed. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
"The drug helps eliminate bacteria so that your GI tract is as clean as possible for surgery."
A client is to receive rifampin. Which would be most important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan for this client?
"Your urine or sweat may become orange in color."
A client has been prescribed a daily dosage of Rifampin 600 mg. The available drug is in the form of a 300 mg capsules. To meet the recommended daily dose, the client will need _________ capsules.
2
A client has been prescribed 2 tablets of 150 mg isoniazid every day. The available drug is in the form of a 100-mg tablet. To meet the recommended dose, the nurse will administer _______ tablets each time.
3
A client is ordered to receive vancomycin IV. When administering the drug, the nurse would infuse the drug over which time frame?
60 minutes
The nurse would contact the physician for which client if gentamicin is ordered for clarification?
A 52-year-old male with an infection of his AV fistula graft
A client with a positive sputum culture for TB has been started on streptomycin antitubercular therapy. Upon review of the laboratory results, the nurse notes that the client may be experiencing toxicity if which of the following results is abnormal?
BUN and creatinine
A 9-year-old client has been admitted to the pediatric unit after being diagnosed with pertussis. The pediatric nurse is processing the client's admission orders and notes that IV demeclocycline has been prescribed. After beginning this treatment, the nurse should confirm the results of what laboratory test?
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
An older adult client, diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia, has been prescribed aztreonam. What action should the nurse perform before administering the first dose?
Confirm the client's allergy status
A client who is receiving statin therapy as treatment for elevated lipid levels is also prescribed daptomycin. The nurse would assess which of the following laboratory test results for changes?
Creatine phosphokinase levels
A nurse is required to administer an anti-infective drug to a patient. The nurse knows that which of the following tests need to be conducted before administering the first dose of an anti-infective drug to the patient?
Culture tests
A nurse is preparing to administer a client's first scheduled dose of tetracycline. The nurse should first ensure that the client has not recently eaten what type of foods?
Dairy products
A client who is being discharged has been instructed to continue with sulfonamide therapy for a week. Which point should the nurse include in the teaching plan to educate the client about the therapy?
Ensure that all follow-up appointments are met.
A client is allergic to penicillin and has been diagnosed with a genitourinary infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. Which medication will most likely be administered?
Erythromycin
After teaching a group of students about aminoglycosides, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which drug as the prototype for this class?
Gentamicin
The pharmacology instructor is discussing antimicrobials with the nursing class. What would the instructor tell the students is the mechanism of action of some antimicrobials?
Inhibiting cell wall synthesis
A client has returned to the clinic for follow-up of an infection which is being treated with an aminoglycoside and reports ringing in the ears and dizziness. When developing this client's plan of care, which nursing diagnosis would be the priority?
Injury Risk
A client being treated for tuberculosis is determined to be drug resistant. Which medications will no longer be effective in the treatment of the tuberculosis?
Isoniazid and rifampin
A female client's medical history includes type 2 diabetes, CVA, dysphasia, and chronic renal failure. She develops an infectious process. The health care provider orders erythromycin. Based on the client's medical history, why is erythromycin the drug of choice?
It is metabolized in the liver.
When discussing cephalosporins with the nursing class, the pharmacology instructor explains that this classification of drug is primarily excreted through which organ?
Kidney
A 72-year-old patient with TB is undergoing standard treatment in a health care facility. Which of the following nursing interventions should the nurse perform during ongoing assessment of the treatment?
Monitor for appearance of adverse reactions.
A 75-year-old patient with a history of renal impairment is admitted to the primary health care center with a UTI and has been prescribed a cephalosporin. Which of the following interventions is most important for the nurse to perform when caring for this patient?
Monitoring blood creatinine levels.
A 40-year-old is being treated for an ear infection with a cephalosporin. Which adverse reactions should the nurse monitor for in the client?
Nausea
Which of the following should a nurse carefully monitor in a patient who has been administered cephalosporin as well as aminoglycosides for a wound infection?
Nephrotoxicity
A nurse is about to administer mafenide to a client. The nurse would be alert for which possible reaction?
Rash, itching, or other allergic reactions
A patient has been prescribed oral tetracycline for the treatment of acne. Which of the following must the nurse include in the patient teaching plan?
Take the drug on an empty stomach.
The nurse is caring for a 6-year-old child who has pyelonephritis. The use of what group of antibiotics would be contraindicated due to the client's age?
Tetracyclines
The client has been taking her antibiotic for five days. She tells the nurse that she is now experiencing vaginal itching and discharge. The nurse suspects what has occurred?
The client has developed a superinfection.
The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a woman who will be taking amoxicillin for treatment of acute otitis media. The nurse teaches the client that which symptom indicates the development of a superinfection and should be reported to the physician?
Vaginal itching and discharge
The nurse is reviewing recent laboratory values for an older client prior to administration of tetracycline. Which finding would lead the nurse to hold the dose?
creatinine of 2.8 mg/dL (247.52 µmol/L) (high)
While reviewing a client's medication administration record, the nurse sees that the client is receiving streptomycin. Based on this, the nurse suspects that the client most likely has what health condition?
drug-resistant tuberculosis
After teaching a group of students about the indications for use for aminoglycosides, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which type of infection as a primary indication?
gram-negative infections
What is isoniazid's mechanism of action?
inhibits cell wall formation
In which condition present in the client should macrolides be used with caution?
liver dysfunction
What route of administration is most commonly used for the administration of ciprofloxacin when prescribed to an older adult client?
oral (PO)
What event triggers the development of a superinfection?
proliferation of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms
The client has been prescribed a fluoroquinolone for an infection and is currently taking an NSAID for joint pain. The nurse understands that this puts the client at risk for which complication?
seizures
A 7-year-old child has been taking tetracycline for a bacterial infection. The nurse will be sure to inform the parents that this drug could cause
staining of permanent teeth
A teenager is admitted to a health care facility for a fungal infection. It has been determined that the infection was present for a long time, but there was no treatment undertaken. The teenager now has a systemic fungal infection for which flucytosine is prescribed. Which would be most important for the nurse to assess before beginning therapy?
weight