Unit 2 Chapter 3 Study Guide
The largest source of international immigrants to the United States is from
Mexico
According to Ravenstein's Laws of Migration, which group is most likely to move?
young adults
Population Centroid/Geographic Center
The mean center of population is determined as the place where an imaginary, flat, weightless and rigid map of the United States would balance perfectly if all residents were of identical weight.
Coyote
a person who smuggles Latin Americans across the US border, typically for a high fee
Net Migration
the difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration
Diaspora
the dispersion of any people from their original homeland
The largest internal migration in history is
the rural to urban migration in China from 1970 to present
Transhumance is a
type of cyclical migration practiced by seminomadic herders
Which of the following is an example of counter-urbanization?
urban to rural migration
The type of migration in which a person chooses to migrate is called
voluntary migration
forced migration
where migrants have no choice but to relocate
Undocumented immigrants are migrants
who enter the destination country illegally
Ravenstein's Laws of Migration 7
women have a higher propensity to migrate than men
Guest Workers
workers who migrate to MDC in search of higher-paying jobs
When did the United States experience record numbers of immigrants?
- Late 19th Century - Early 20th Century
An obstacle faced by international migrants includes
- immigration quota laws - difficulty in adjusting to a new culture - citizens of the destination country are often hostile
Which of the following is an example of an intervening obstacle?
- laws imposing immigration quotas - the wall separating the West Bank from Israel - the demilitarized zone on the Korean Peninsula
Which of Ravenstein's Laws of Migration best reflects the Gravity Model and distance decay?
- most migrants are male - most migrants move move short distances - most long distance migrants move to large areas
An example of forced migration is/was
- removal of Native Americans to reservations - deportation of illegal immigrants out of a country - relocation of Japanese-Americans to internment camps
Ravenstein's Laws of Migration 4
Each main current of migration produces a compensating counter current
Which statement best describes settlement patterns of international migrants in urban areas?
Immigrants settle close to others from the same culture
Ravenstein's Laws of Migration 6
Rural people have a higher propensity to migrate than urban people
Internally Displaced Person
Someone who has been forced to migrate for similar political reasons as a refugee but has not migrated across an international border.
Asylum Seeker
Someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee.
Rust Belt
The northern industrial states of the US, including Ohio, Michigan, and Pennsylvania, in which heavy industry was once the dominant economic activity. In the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s, these states lost much of their economic base to economically attractive regions of the US and to countries where labor was cheaper, leaving old machinery to rust in the moist northern climate.
Cotton Belt
The term by which the American South used to be known, as cotton historically dominated the agricultural economy of the region. The same area is now known as the New South or Sun Belt because people have migrated here from older cities in the industrial north for a better climate and new job opportunities.
Which of the following was an example of forced migration?
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
Sun Belt
US region, mostly comprised of southeastern and southwestern states, which has grown most dramatically since World War II.
Which of the following is an effect of chain migration on the area of destination?
Urban ethnic enclaves
Which of the following is an example of an intervening opportunity?
taking a high paying job while en route to an intended place
Mobility
all types of movement from one location to another
When a country suffers from a "brain drain" it means the country has experienced
an emigration of educated professionals
Intervening obstacle
an environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration
A physical landscape feature or political policy that hinders migration is
an intervening migration
Moving to locations because members of the same culture have already migrated there is known as
chain migration
Migration Transition
change in the migration pattern in a society that results from industrialization, population growth, and other social economic changes that also produce the demographic transition
According to Ravenstein's Laws of Migration, every migration flow generates return flows called
counter migration
Which example is a not an environmental push?
desert environment in the American southwest
Floodpain
the area subject to flooding during a given number of years according to historical trends
Migration from a location is called
emigration
Push factors
factors that induce people to leave old residences
Pull factors
factors that induce people to move to a new location
Migration
form of relocation diffusion involving a permanent move to a new location
Migration to a location is called
immigration
According to Ravenstein's Laws of Migration, long distance migrants tend to settle
in large cities
Quota
in reference to migration, a law that places maximum limits on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year
Over the past 30 years, the number of undocumented immigrants in the United States
increased because of the demand for menial labors
Which of the following is an example of a push factor?
lack of employment in a migrant's city of origin
White Flight
large scale migration of whites from urban regions to more racially homogenous suburban or rural towns
Ravenstein's Laws of Migration 5
long distance migrants tend to move to major cities
Emigration
migration from a location
All of the following are examples of "Brain Drain" except
migration of Mexican farmers to the United States
Immigration
migration to a new location
Ravenstein's laws of Migration 1
most migrants move only a short distance and major cities
Counterurbanization
net migration from urban to rural areas in MDCs
Which statement regarding interregional migration in the United States is most accurate?
people are migrating west
Refugees
people who are forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution
Undocumented Immigrants
people who enter a country without proper documents
Forced Migration
permanent movement compelled usually by cultural factors
International Migration
permanent movement from one country to another
Interregional Migration
permanent movement from one region of a country to another
Voluntary Migration
permanent movement undertaken by choice
Internal Migration
permanent movement within a particular country
Intraregional Migration
permanent movement within one region of a country
Which of the following is an example of a pull factor?
plentiful jobs in the migrant's chosen destination
Reasons why a migrant is attracted to a specific destination are called
pull factors
Reasons why a person feels compelled to leave his or her home area are called
push factors
In developed countries, guest worker programs
recruit from LDCs to fill a need for unskilled labors
All of the following would be considered pull factors except
religious persecution in a migrant's chosen destination
Circulation
short term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that recur on a regular basis
A type of migration in which a person migrates in a series of short distance moves is called
step migration