Unit 2: EQUILIBRIUM SYSTEMS

What is the atomic mass of one mole of H?

1.008 g/mole

What is the atomic mass of one mole of O?

16.00 g/mole

What is the molecular weight of one mole of H2O?

18.016 g/mole Work: Atomic mass: H: 1.008 O: 16.00 There are 2 H so you multiply 1.008 * 2 = 2.016 2.016 + 16.00 = 18.016

Solutions are formed by____

2 or more compounds

What is the atomic mass of one mole of Na?

22.99 g/mole

solution

A homogeneous mixture.

homogeneous mixture

A mixture that consists of substances in a single phase and whose particles are evenly dispersed

heterogeneous mixture

A mixture with substances in more than one phase; substances are not evenly distributed

nonpolar

A molecule with no internal charge variation due to bonding

phase

A physically separate part of a material, based on physical properties and/or state.

saturated

A solution which has dissolved as much solute as it can at a particular temperature

unsaturated

A solution which is still able to dissolve solute

The requirements for one type of atom to substitute for another in a solid solution are:

An atom must be similar in size The substituting atom must be from the same group

Match the atoms which might substitute for one another.

As and P C and Si Ag and Cu V and Nb Na and K Ca and Mg

Which element could likely substitute for Si in a solid solution?

Carbon They have similar properties, silicon comes after carbon and have same kind of properties as that of carbon .

_____ is a good way to purify solids

Crystallization

Balanced equations illustrate what law?

The Law of Conservation of Mass

Which of the following are properties of solutions?

The boiling point of saltwater is above the boiling point of pure water. Vapor pressure is reduced by the presence of a solid solute in a liquid. Separation of a solution mixture relies on the properties of the substances in the solution. A lower temperature is required to crystallize ice from saltwater.

Which statement is true about 0.25 mole of O2 and 0.25 mole of NH3 ?

They both have the same number of molecules

Which of the following has a crystalline structure?

a copper gold alloy

polar

a molecule with an uneven distribution of charge due to unequal sharing of electrons during bonding

When one metal mixes into the crystalline lattice of another it is called an

alloy

The physical properties of a solution and the properties of the individual components are _____

different

A liquid solution can be made from___

dissolving solids into liquids dissolving gas solutes into liquids mixing liquids

Equilibrium systems_____

exist throughout nature

When an antifreeze like salt is used, the freezing point of a solution is lowered. The amount by which it is lowered is called the ____

freezing point depression

When an antifreeze like salt is used, the freezing point of a solution is lowered. The amount by which it is lowered is called the _____.

freezing point depression

A mole of the element U (uranium) and a mole of CO2

have an equal number of particles

A mixture which contains more than one phase is called

heterogeneous

All gas mixtures are _____

homogeneous solutions

Which of the following has a charge?

ion

The mass of one mole of any substance:

is equal to the sum of the atomic masses of every atom in the formula

Which of the following form solid solutions?

metal alloys naturally occurring minerals

An element or compound which occurs naturally in the earth is a

mineral

Is it likely that an atom of Te would substitute for an atom of O in a solid compound?

no

The purging of impurities from a compound by crystallization:

occurs after the liquid melt cools back to a solid

A homogeneous portion of a mixture that is characterized by uniform properties and capable of being separated by mechanical means is called a

phase

A homogeneous portion of a mixture that is characterized by uniform properties and capable of being separated by mechanical means is called a _____.

phase

How does the polarity of the solute affect how well a solvent will dissolve the solute?

similar polarity makes the solvent more likely to dissolve

Which type of solution forms a crystalline structure?

solid solution

The following are properties of compounds _____

vapor pressure density boiling point

At STP conditions, 0.25 mole of CO2(g), H2(g), and NH3(g):

will occupy the same volume will contain the same number of molecules