Unit 2: EQUILIBRIUM SYSTEMS
What is the atomic mass of one mole of H?
1.008 g/mole
What is the atomic mass of one mole of O?
16.00 g/mole
What is the molecular weight of one mole of H2O?
18.016 g/mole Work: Atomic mass: H: 1.008 O: 16.00 There are 2 H so you multiply 1.008 * 2 = 2.016 2.016 + 16.00 = 18.016
Solutions are formed by____
2 or more compounds
What is the atomic mass of one mole of Na?
22.99 g/mole
solution
A homogeneous mixture.
homogeneous mixture
A mixture that consists of substances in a single phase and whose particles are evenly dispersed
heterogeneous mixture
A mixture with substances in more than one phase; substances are not evenly distributed
nonpolar
A molecule with no internal charge variation due to bonding
phase
A physically separate part of a material, based on physical properties and/or state.
saturated
A solution which has dissolved as much solute as it can at a particular temperature
unsaturated
A solution which is still able to dissolve solute
The requirements for one type of atom to substitute for another in a solid solution are:
An atom must be similar in size The substituting atom must be from the same group
Match the atoms which might substitute for one another.
As and P C and Si Ag and Cu V and Nb Na and K Ca and Mg
Which element could likely substitute for Si in a solid solution?
Carbon They have similar properties, silicon comes after carbon and have same kind of properties as that of carbon .
_____ is a good way to purify solids
Crystallization
Balanced equations illustrate what law?
The Law of Conservation of Mass
Which of the following are properties of solutions?
The boiling point of saltwater is above the boiling point of pure water. Vapor pressure is reduced by the presence of a solid solute in a liquid. Separation of a solution mixture relies on the properties of the substances in the solution. A lower temperature is required to crystallize ice from saltwater.
Which statement is true about 0.25 mole of O2 and 0.25 mole of NH3 ?
They both have the same number of molecules
Which of the following has a crystalline structure?
a copper gold alloy
polar
a molecule with an uneven distribution of charge due to unequal sharing of electrons during bonding
When one metal mixes into the crystalline lattice of another it is called an
alloy
The physical properties of a solution and the properties of the individual components are _____
different
A liquid solution can be made from___
dissolving solids into liquids dissolving gas solutes into liquids mixing liquids
Equilibrium systems_____
exist throughout nature
When an antifreeze like salt is used, the freezing point of a solution is lowered. The amount by which it is lowered is called the ____
freezing point depression
When an antifreeze like salt is used, the freezing point of a solution is lowered. The amount by which it is lowered is called the _____.
freezing point depression
A mole of the element U (uranium) and a mole of CO2
have an equal number of particles
A mixture which contains more than one phase is called
heterogeneous
All gas mixtures are _____
homogeneous solutions
Which of the following has a charge?
ion
The mass of one mole of any substance:
is equal to the sum of the atomic masses of every atom in the formula
Which of the following form solid solutions?
metal alloys naturally occurring minerals
An element or compound which occurs naturally in the earth is a
mineral
Is it likely that an atom of Te would substitute for an atom of O in a solid compound?
no
The purging of impurities from a compound by crystallization:
occurs after the liquid melt cools back to a solid
A homogeneous portion of a mixture that is characterized by uniform properties and capable of being separated by mechanical means is called a
phase
A homogeneous portion of a mixture that is characterized by uniform properties and capable of being separated by mechanical means is called a _____.
phase
How does the polarity of the solute affect how well a solvent will dissolve the solute?
similar polarity makes the solvent more likely to dissolve
Which type of solution forms a crystalline structure?
solid solution
The following are properties of compounds _____
vapor pressure density boiling point
At STP conditions, 0.25 mole of CO2(g), H2(g), and NH3(g):
will occupy the same volume will contain the same number of molecules
