Unit 2 test bio

which of the following statements accurately compares two types of fractures

a greenstick fracture is a partial break, whereas a comminuted fracture occurs when a bone is crushed into three or more pieces

if you were explaining long bone formation to a friend who does not understand the process, which of the following would you likely include in your explanation

blood vessels penetrate the hyaline cartilage and deliver osteoblasts, which lay down bone material

which part of the spine includes the atlas and axis

cervical spine

from superior to inferior, which of the following lists the sections of the vertebral column in the correct order

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral

which of the following explains the difference between the structure of compact bone and spongy bone

compact bone tissue is made up of structural units called osteons, whereas spongy bone tissue is made up of a lattice of struts called trabeculae

which of the following lists the layers of a long bone from exterior to interior

compact bone, spongy bone, medullary cavity, bone marrow

a long bone consists of a shaft, or _____, and a(n) _____ at each end

diaphysis, and epiphysis

which of the following accurately compares endochondral ossification and intramembranous ossification

endochondral ossification is the process in which hyaline cartilage is replaced with bone and grows, whereas intramembranous ossification is the process of flat bones developing from connective tissue

which bone is part of the orbit and the nasal septum

ethmoid

yellow bone marrow consists mostly of

fat

if your instructor asked you to list the bones of the lower limb, from thigh to foot, which of the following would be the correct order

femur, patella, tibia and fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

in the process of bone repair, _______ penetrate the area and build a callus that bridges the broken bone

fibroblasts

if your instructor asked you to list the cranial bones from anterior to posterior, which of the following would be correct

frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, parietal, temporal, occipital

in _______ fractures, one end of a broken bone is driven into the other end

impacted

how does the sacrum differ in the male and female body?

in the female, the sacrum is shorter and wider than in the male and directed more obliquely backward, increasing the size of the pelvic cavity

red bone marrow is found in all of the following except

in the madullary cavity of long bones

carpal tunnel syndrome occurs when

inflammation of the synovial membranes surrounding the flexor tendons compress the median nerve

the formation of flat bone from connective tissue occurs through the process of

intramembranous ossification

which of the following facial bones is the only movable bone(s) in the skull

mandible

which cranial bone is supported by the vertebral column and articulates with the atlas in a way that allows for rotation of the head

occipital

which of the following accurately compares the different types of bone cells

osteoblasts synthesize bone matrix, osteoclasts break down bone matrix, and osteocytes maintain bone tissue structure

during long bone formation ______ lay down bone material, replacing __________

osteoblasts, hyaline cartliage

if you were explaining a flat bone formation to a friend who does not understand the process, all of the following would likely be included in your explanation except

osteoclasts cluster together, secrete bone matrix, and develop into osteocytes

if you were giving an oral report on bone repair, all of the following would be points in your presentation except

osteocytes transform the fibrocartilaginous callus into bone

compact bone tissue is made up of stractural units called

osteons

if a friend asked you to explain osteoporosis, which of the following might be a point you would make

osteoporosis is a condition in which overall tissue loss within bones results in bone repair, tenderness, and weakened and brittle bones

which of the cranial bones is connected to all four major skull sutures

parietal bones

which of the following is a type of bone that is present in both the upper and lower limbs

phalanges

what is the primary goal of the arches of the foot

shock absorption

which of the following lists the auditory ossicles, from inner to outer

stapes, incus, malleus

if you were giving an oral report on the facial skeleton, which of the following details would you likely include

the 14 bones of the facial skeleton form the entrances to the respiratory and digestive tracts

all of the following are part of the axial skeleton except

the arm

if you were explaining the atlas to a friend, you might include all of the following points except

the atlas is the second of the cervical vertebrae

the humerus articulates with all of the following except

the clavicle

all of the following are part of the pelvic girdle except

the coccyx

which of the following is a muscle of the shoulder girdle

the coracobracgialis

which of the following accurately compares the male and female pelvis

the female pelvic brim is larger and wider than the male pelvic brim

how does the female's thoracic cage differ from that of the male

the female's thoracic cage has a lesser capacity, and the sternum is shorter and higher

which of the following is the longest bone in the body

the femur

all of the following are foramina of the skull except

the foramen minimal

all of the following are key landmarks of the temporal bone except

the foramen ovale

if you were explaining he purpose of the formina of the skull to a friend, which of the following would you likely include in your explanation

the formina are holes that allow for the passage of blood vessels, nerves, and the spinal cord.

the clavicle articulates with all of the following except

the humerus

the vertebral column consists of all of the following except

the hyoid

all of the following are bones of the lower limb except

the metacarpals

All of the following are part of the appendicular skeleton except

the neck

which of the following is a difference between the shoulder girdle and the pelvic girdle

the pelvic girdle is rigid, whereas the shoulder girdle is light and capable of great mobility

which of the following accurately compares the radius and ulna

the radius is smaller and thinner than the ulna

all of the following are similarities between the radius in the forearm and the fibula in the leg except

the radius is the longest bone in the arm, and the fibula is the longest bone in the leg

if you were explain the location of the skull sutures to a friend, you would likely include all of the following except

the sagittal suture is between the temporal and parietal bones

if you were ti explain why the skeletal muscles play an important role in bone stabilization in the shoulder girdle, which of the following would you likely say?

the shoulder girdle's only connection with the rest of the skeleton is between the clavicle and manubrium, so it relies on muscles to support and position it correctly

if you were giving an oral report on the arches of the foot, you would include all of the following points except

the transverse arch runs from the calcaneus to the heads of the metatarsals

if your instructor asked you to list the distal and proximal carpal bones, which of the following would be an accurate list?

the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate are distal carpal bones, whereas the scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, and pisiform are proximal carpal bones

all of the following are tarsal bones except

the triquetral

if your instructor asked you to compare the structure of the upper and lower extremities, which of the following might you say?

the upper and lower extremities have a similar structure, with a large bone articulating with two smaller bones via a joint

if your friend asked you to explain the ligaments of the spine that support and reinforce the joints of the vertebral column, your explanation might include all of the following points except

the vertebral bodies are connected by the alar ligaments and the transverse ligament of the atlas

which of the following is the function of osteocytes?

to maintain bone tissue structure and sense bone health

all of the following are components of an osteon except

trabeculae

ribs 1-7 are called __________ ribs because they articulate directly to the sternum

true

which of the following statements accurately compares yellow and red bone marrow

yellow bone marrow consists mostly of fat, whereas red bone marrow contains blood cells