Unit 3 Transport Notes 1: Diffusion, Concentration Gradient, Solute Transport

aquaporins

transport water molecules (run osmosis)

equilibrium

Even distribution of molecules

protein

Gases are small enough to not need a _______ to move into the cell.

active transport

Glucose moving from a high concentration in the roots to the leaves is an example of what?

increase temperature, increase pressure, increase concentration of that substance

How can the rate of diffusion be increased?

energy

If it uses ______, it is active transport.

solution

Substances most important to life are most often part of a ________.

concentration gradient

The difference in concentration of molecules of a substance from the highest to the lowest number of molecules

diffusion

The process by which molecules of a substance move from areas of higher concentration of that substance to lower concentrations -is one of the major mechanisms of movement of molecules into and out of cells

the movement of molecules in a liquid state

The study of cells is primarily concerned with...

osmosis

diffusion of water

carrier protein

participate in facilitated diffusion which means carrier proteins help speed up diffusion by carrying substances across the membrane

active transport

protein pumps: active or passive transport?

protein or ion pumps

proteins that require energy to transport substances against gradient

passive transport

simple diffusion through the membrane

ion channels

specific carriers of ions

passive transport

-Molecules move from high to low concentration -No energy required -Move with the concentration gradient

active transport

-Molecules move from low to high concentration -Energy is required -Move against the concentration gradient

carrier protein, ion channels, aquaporins

What are the three passive transport proteins?

oxygen and carbon dioxide

What two gases commonly pass directly through the phospholipids?

gases, ions, large particles

What types of molecules pass through the membrane?

K+, Na+, Ca+, H+, Cl-

Which ions commonly pass through membrane proteins?

proteins, sugars, water

Which large particles commonly pass through membrane proteins?

molecules move faster

Why does increasing temperature increase the rate of diffusion?

more frequent molecule collisions (smaller space)

Why does increasing temperature increase the rate of diffusion?