Unit 3 Transport Notes 1: Diffusion, Concentration Gradient, Solute Transport
aquaporins
transport water molecules (run osmosis)
equilibrium
Even distribution of molecules
protein
Gases are small enough to not need a _______ to move into the cell.
active transport
Glucose moving from a high concentration in the roots to the leaves is an example of what?
increase temperature, increase pressure, increase concentration of that substance
How can the rate of diffusion be increased?
energy
If it uses ______, it is active transport.
solution
Substances most important to life are most often part of a ________.
concentration gradient
The difference in concentration of molecules of a substance from the highest to the lowest number of molecules
diffusion
The process by which molecules of a substance move from areas of higher concentration of that substance to lower concentrations -is one of the major mechanisms of movement of molecules into and out of cells
the movement of molecules in a liquid state
The study of cells is primarily concerned with...
osmosis
diffusion of water
carrier protein
participate in facilitated diffusion which means carrier proteins help speed up diffusion by carrying substances across the membrane
active transport
protein pumps: active or passive transport?
protein or ion pumps
proteins that require energy to transport substances against gradient
passive transport
simple diffusion through the membrane
ion channels
specific carriers of ions
passive transport
-Molecules move from high to low concentration -No energy required -Move with the concentration gradient
active transport
-Molecules move from low to high concentration -Energy is required -Move against the concentration gradient
carrier protein, ion channels, aquaporins
What are the three passive transport proteins?
oxygen and carbon dioxide
What two gases commonly pass directly through the phospholipids?
gases, ions, large particles
What types of molecules pass through the membrane?
K+, Na+, Ca+, H+, Cl-
Which ions commonly pass through membrane proteins?
proteins, sugars, water
Which large particles commonly pass through membrane proteins?
molecules move faster
Why does increasing temperature increase the rate of diffusion?
more frequent molecule collisions (smaller space)
Why does increasing temperature increase the rate of diffusion?
