Unit 4 Ecology

Food Web

(ecology) a community of organisms where there are several interrelated food chains

As you move up the Energy Pyramid, what percentage of energy is transferred to the next highest energy level?

10%

Symbiosis

A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species. The three types are; Mutualism, Commensalism and Parasitism

Commensalism

A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected

Mutualism

A relationship between two species in which both species benefit

Food Chain

A simple model of the feeding relationships in an ecosystem, showing the transfer of energy.

Parasitism

A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed

Predator

An organism that captures and eats other consumers.

Decomposer

An organism that recycles once living matter by breaking it down. ie: fungi, bacteria, worms

A variety of life in an ecosystem is called.....

Biodiversity

What are the two products of Respiration?

Carbon Dioxide & Water (water vapor)

What gas is absorbed in photosynthesis but released in respiration?

Carbon Dioxide CO2

Which of the following organisms are consumers? Hawk, Bean Plant, Rabbit, Grass, Seeds, and Fox

Hawk, Rabbit, and Fox

When graphing data, what information goes on the x axis? Independent or dependent variable

Independent variable

What do the arrows in a food chain represent?

It shows the transfer of energy from one organism to the next, the flow of energy through the food chain.

In the following food chain, which organism is the primary consumer? Grass->mouse->snake->hawk

Mouse

What symbiosis exists between the Badger and The Honey Guide bird?

Mutualism

Something that can be perceived with one ore more of the 5 senses (sight, taste, hearing, smell and touch) is an....

Observation

An inference is something a scientist thinks is true based on two things. These are.....

Observation and evidence

Consumer

Organisms that cannot make their own energy-rich molecules. They obtain energy by eating other organisms. There are 4 types: Carnivore, herbivore, omnivore and decomposer

Producer

Organisms that use an outside energy source, like the sun, to make energy rich molecules.

A flea on a dog is an example of what type of symbiosis?

Parasitism

This process converts light energy into chemical energy......

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is performed by.......?

Plants or Producers

What is the relationship between a fox and the rabbit it eats?

Predator/prey

At what level on the Energy Pyramid is the most energy contained?

Producer level

At the end of the respiration process, is energy released or stored?

Released

This process releases heat and allows mechanical energy........

Respiration

Prey

The organism that is captured by a predator.

What is the source of energy used in photosynthesis?

The sun

What is the path of energy as it moves from the sun through all living things?

The sun's light energy, by the process of photosynthesis, is converted to chemical energy. When a herbivore eats the plant, the producer, the chemical energy is transferred to the consumer and through the process of respiration is converted to mechanical energy.

What are the two products of Photosynthesis?

glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen (O₂)