unit 4 wellness

what can result in 4 days of bed rest

Changes to the structure and function of tendons, ligaments, and cartilage

fecal impaction

A hardened mass of stool that creates a blockage in the intestines.

chakras

A living body's subtle energy anatomy

Pilates

A low-impact exercise once popular amongst dancers to correct posture, develop body uniformity, and restore mind, body, and spiritual vitality.

Activities of daily living (ADLs)

Basic essential skills, usually related to personal care, that a person performs every day.

renal calculi

Stones that develop in the kidney and usually related to dehydration or an increase of stone-forming substances.

tendons vs ligaments

Tendons connect muscle to bone and ligaments connect bone to bone

CAM and CHA

Holistic, eastern, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and complementary health approaches (CHA) are just some of the many terms used to describe complementary and integrative health.

what are integrative therapies

use of conventical, complementary, and alternative therapies. These are used to treat the client through mind, body, and spirit.

Chiropractic care

uses manual therapy and spinal manipulation, focusing on the body's physical structure, primarily the spine, and its relationship to functionality

Alternative systems of care

whole medical systems (e.g., Ayurveda, traditional Chinese medicine) that have developed over time and in different cultures

degrease of pressure sores

​​​​​​​Damage with skin intact Damage into the skin layer Damage beyond the skin layer Deep damage through the skin and tissue layer

What is a pulmonary embolism?

blood clot traveling to the lungs

Imbalances of minerals

can cause a variety of maladies. Depressed immunity and skin ulcers occur with zinc deficits, and insulin resistance results from a deficiency of the trace element chromium. Lack of iron and copper can cause anemia, whereas an overabundance of copper can cause neurologic damage.

holistic care

care that promotes physical, emotional, social, intellectual, and spiritual well-being

yoga

combines physical postures with breathing exercises and may include meditation. Many clients engage in yoga to improve anxiety, stress, sleep, and life balance; for relief of lower back and neck pain; and to lose weight.

Nerves

controls contraction and relaxation of muscles and in charge of coordinating them

mind-body therapies

focus on interactions of the mind and the body. positively affect physicals functions. thai chi

Osteopathic medicine

focuses on structural and anatomical abnormalities that cause disease. Treatment is based on rebalancing structure and function.

what have omega-3 fatty acids been shown to do?

found to substantially reduce levels of triglycerides and are the most common non-vitamin or non-mineral supplements taken by adults and children alike.

what can happen to the bone under a lot of stress with fragile bones

fragility fractures

Integrative therapies

gather all three—conventional, complementary, and alternative therapies—and interweave those practices and knowledge to treat the client by engaging mind, body, and spirit.

what is healing touch

hands-on, energy-based therapy developed from numerous healing philosophies.

naturopathy includes

healing power—the body—establishes, maintains, and restores health through the support of diet, supplements, exercise, homeopathy, medicinal plants (herbs), and TCM.

cupping therapy

involves placing glass or silicone cups on skin to create a suction

payer

inward conversation or communion with a higher power of choice

reflexology

is a method of massaging or manipulating the feet and hands' reflex systems to positively influence the body's functions regarding pain, stress, and other dysfunction.

Aromatherapy

is breathing in the scent of a natural plant extract in topical creams, lotions, essential oils, or aromatic diffusers for improvement of physical, mental, or spiritual wellness

Various deficiencies of vitamins can create toxic effects

like blindness (vitamin A) or osteomalacia and rickets (vitamin D). In contrast, excessive vitamin intake can cause anorexia or hepatosplenomegaly (vitamin A) and calcifications of soft tissue or renal failure (vitamin D). Excesses, including high doses of vitamin A, should be avoided during pregnancy, as they have been shown to increase risks of birth defects.

As muscle activity slows, the absorption of protein from the gastrointestinal tract decreases, leading to a lower level of protein in the blood. These factors, in combination, can lead to an increased risk of

malnutrition

holistic and holism

means whole. consider all aspects of the person

Reflexology

method of massaging or manipulating the feet's and hands' reflex systems to positively influence the body's functions related to pain, stress, and other dysfunctions. Anatomic charts guide the practitioner to the different areas of these extremities that correspond to the body's anatomy. reflexology

What is biofeedback?

mind-body regulation of bodily functions assisted by electronic devices which can regulate breathing, heart rate, and improve health by reducing stress, eliminating headaches, recondition injured muscles, or alleviate pain.

Nutrition

most americans can get the right nutrition through the right food they eat Their nurses must assess supplements of any type for efficacy, reaction, and interactions with their current health regime.

mindfulness

paying close attention to detail. being mentally present

Having less food in the gastrointestinal tract slows

peristalsis and reduces the thickness of the mucosal lining.

Acupencture

the use of long thin sterile needles the penetrate the skin and stimulate by hand or electrically. anatomical points in the body to improve short and long-term physical function

biological therapies

the use of substances found in nature, herbal or botanical medicines often sold over the counter

what are energy therapies

therapy that involves the use of bodily energy fields: *biofield therapy-affects energy fields that surround and penetrate human body *bioelectromagnetic-based therapy- the use of pulsed, magnetic, alternating current, or direct current fields

deep breathing

this involves controls breathing rates, depth and body part

what is the function of cartilage

to reduce friction and shock absorb

myocardial infarction

the heart, causing a heart attack

Gastroesophageal reflux

A backflow of gastric fluids into the esophagus that can result in irritation of the tissue.

urinary retention

A condition in which the bladder does not completely empty with urination.

Constipation

A condition in which the client has infrequent bowel movements where the stool is hard, lumpy, and difficult to pass.

What is deep vein thrombosis?

A condition that results from a blood clot inside a deep vein, usually within the extremities.

Orthostatic hypotension

A decrease in blood pressure that occurs upon standing, especially from a lying or sitting position. A significant drop in the blood pressure caused by a change in position.

what is kampo

A traditional medicine form the developed in Japan, with origins in Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Fat soluble vitamins

A, D, E, K

kinds of holistic nursing interventions( there is a shit ton)

Acupressure Animal-assisted therapy Anticipatory guidance Anxiety reduction Behavioral management and modification Biofeedback Calming technique Coaching Cognitive therapy Community health development Conflict management and crisis intervention Consultation, referral, health systems guidance Counseling Cultural brokerage Decision-making support Dying care and grief work Emotional support and coping enhancement Energy therapies: Therapeutic Touch and Healing Touch Environmental management Family, support system, and caregiver support Forgiveness facilitation Guided imagery Health education and learning facilitation Hope and inspiration Humor Hypnosis Journaling Massage Meditation Music, art, aroma, and activity therapies Mutual goal setting Pain management Patient contracting Prayer Presence Promotion of beneficial diet, sleep, exercise, and nutrition Relationship building Relaxation therapy Reminiscence Resiliency promotion Risk identification Self-awareness Self-help Smoking cessation promotion Spiritual growth and support Stress management Substance use prevention Support groups Teaching Value clarification

Ayurveda

An ancient Indian medical system based on harmony and balancing the mind, body, spirit to lead to health, contentment, and removing substances from the body that can cause disease.

Pneumonia

An infection in the lung tissue.

mobility assessment

An objective assessment to determine the amount of assistance required for ambulation and transfers based upon the client's ability to move.

water soluble vitamins

B and C

Atelectasis

Collapse of airways and small sections of the lung as a result of shallow breathing. The collapsing of the lung during expansion.

Minerals

Elements found in food that are used by the body and cell life

What is foot drop?

Foot remains plantar flexed through swing phase; weak or absent dorsiflexion

What is Reiki?

Japanese system of healing where a practitioner directs Ki to restore health. This energy of life is similar to Chinese Qi but is unsupported by scientific evidence to effectively treat illness.

activity intolerance.

Inadequate amount of physical or psychological energy to undergo or complete a necessary activity.

guided imagery

Involves relaxation through visualization of particular images to free the body of specific illnesses, or condition.

Alexander Technique

Is focused on healthy posture and its effects on the body, particularly the spine, neck, and head. Developed by Frederick Mathias Alexander.

Examples of Ergonomic Practices and Equipment

Modifiable workstations and chairs Keyboards with wrist supports Adjustable IV stands and poles Height-adjustable beds Two-person lifts/transfers Client transfer devices Shower chairs Toilet seat risers Side-opening garbage and linen containers Elimination of uneven floor surfaces

NCCIH

National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health

what is the optimal body alignment

Optimal posture supports the spine, muscles, and joints, which increases strength, reduces fatigue, and uses less energy. Good body alignment is determined based on an imaginary line that passes vertically through the body and divides it into two equal halves. This vertical line should run from the top of the head and straight down through the ear lobe, shoulder, trunk, hip, femur, knee, and ankle. When handling clients or lifting objects, keep the back straight, the chin level, and tighten abdominal muscle

what are three risk factors for ergonomics in the work place

Practice controls: lighting, noise, transfer lifts, carts, furniture, whole-body vibrations, exposure to heat/cold. Physical characteristics: posture, duration, force, velocity, heavy exertion, repetition, time, lunch/rest breaks, recovery time. Environmental hazards: mental stress, physical stress, workload hours (shift, overtime), falls, slips, exposure to hazards.

who practices conventional medicine

Predominately practiced by medical doctors (MD), doctors of osteopathy (DO), registered nurses, psychologists, physical therapists, and other health care professionals during what would be considered regular courses of treatment Also known as mainstream, western medicine, biomedicine, allopathic, or orthodox medicine

Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale

RPE scale is a subjective scale, enabling clients to gauge their level of exertion during activity. The lowest level is 6, indicating a state of resting or sitting that is effortless. The highest level is 20, signifying that maximal effort is required to perform the action. The target zone is for the client to rate activities between 12 and 14, representing a somewhat hard to strong effort.

Using Proper Body Mechanics

Stand or move as close to the object as possible. Keep the abdominal muscles contracted and the lower back in its normal position. Maintain the head upright with shoulders raised up. Bow the hips slightly and squat. Do not twist the torso. Always pivot or side-step. Push up from the knees and use that momentum to lift the object.

splint

Rigid or semirigid device designed to support or stretch an injured or altered part of the body.

complementary and integrative health

approaches health and wellness through a broader, nontraditional lens and is combined with, ideally complementing, conventional medicine as we know it.

self-concept and self-esteem

The beliefs one holds regarding their qualities and attributes formed through experiences.

Mindfulness

The state of being alert and mentally present for one's everyday activities.

hypnotherapy

Therapy using hypnosis; a hypnotic or altered consciousness state achieved through relaxation, and focused attention on suggestions by a hypnotist, or hypnotherapist to effect change. Used to treat numerous health conditions like smoking, weight loss, pain, and headaches.

empower their clients by assisting and teaching therapeutic techniques for relaxation.

These therapies include deep breathing, meditation, guided imagery, aromatherapy, and use of essential oils to bring on the relaxation response.

what is colloidal silver

are used in bandages and dressings to treat burns or prevent skin infections.

meditiation

art of contemplative thinking to promote mental relaxation and psychological balance

Qi Gong

a Chinese system of movement, breathing techniques, and meditation designed to improve and enhance the flow of qi

Manual therapies

a hands-on focus of the structures (bones, joints, soft tissue) and systems (circulatory, lymphatic) of the body

what can happen to a muscle if it is being use

atrophy Become smaller and weaker

cardiac deconditioning

atrophy of the heart muscle which results in a decreased amount of blood being ejected from the heart during contraction

what is a joint contracture

abnormal, sometimes permanent, fixation of a joint. and can result in atrophy

Prolonged immobility can cause alterations in the cardiovascular system

after 24 hours of bed rest body fluids that normally present in lower extremities will flush to the head and torso

structural integration

also known as Rolfing, has roots in yoga, chiropractic, and the Alexander Technique. This hands-on therapy restores posture through deep tissue manipulation of muscles and fascia.

meditation

an individual focuses attention on their body and clears the mind of normal streaming thoughts to create a state of physical relaxation, mental calmness, and psychological balance. Many various applications include Mindfulness, Transcendental and Spiritual meditation.

massage

ancient therapy of manipulating soft tissue with the human hands for relief form pain

Feldenkrais methods

appeals to artists, dancers, and musicians, owing to its ability to provide relief from restrictive movement pain. It was developed in the early 1970s by Dr. Moshé Feldenkrais,

therapeutic touch

developed following the practices of Dora Kunz and her sensitivity to human energy systems and her ability to sense obstructions in a client's energy field.

the holistic nurse considers what

factors such as stress, diet, sleep, and personal and spiritual concerns, with the aim of both relieving the current pain

Bioenergetic therapies

practices involving manipulation of human energy fields rachi

what should you take if you are taking warfarin

probably nothing else

what are the key concerns of holistic nursing

promotion of health honoring caring/ healing relationship respect the experiences of the client's wellness illness growth healing birth and dying empower collaboration

disuse osteoporosis

reductions in skeletal mass routinely accompanying immobility or paralysis

Hypnosis, or hypnotherapy

refers to an altered state of consciousness achieved through relaxation and a focused attention to suggestions made by a hypnotist or hypnotherapist.

Sarcopenia

refers to the loss of lean muscle mass. It is caused by a deterioration of the twitch fibers in voluntary muscles; these fibers are responsible for the speed of contraction and the ability to resist fatigue

what is it called when the bones break themselves down and build them back up

remodeling

cerebrovascular accident

stroke Death of brain cells due to a blood clot or the rupture of a blood level within the brain.

what is the point that allows the skeletal and muscle system to move and flextion

synovial joints

how to improve your center of gravity

take wider stance with the knees slightly bent and lean forwards

Prebiotics and Probiotics

• Prebiotics - Nondigestible food ingredient - Indirectly stimulates growth or activity of bifidobacterium (a microorganism) - Assures balance of bacteria is maintained • Probiotics - Protective to GI tract - Used to treat diarrhea