Unit 5 Latin America Exam

____terraced mountain top city of the Inca Civilization.

Machu Picchu

This was exempt from the original 1960 US Trade embargo on Cuba

Medicine

The territory gained by the United States in 1848 was a result of the

Mexican-American War

Brazilian colonists achieved their independence from Portugal when

Prince Pedro declared Brazil independent

Under the leadership of _______________, there has been some easing of tensions between the United States and Cuba.

Raul Castro

Cuba's economy relied on this natural resource and was the largest producer and exporter of the natural resource in the world.

Sugar

The ____ was the first wide-spread Cuban revolt that successfully threatened Spanish rule and most Cubans today view this as the start of the struggle for independence from Spain.

Ten Years War

In this event, radicals led an assault on the Moncada Barracks in an attack that was failure; however, it attracted national attention due to the fact that it was an act of boldness against the government. This event is known as:

The 26th of July Movement

Some Native Americans helped Cortes because

The Aztecs were unpopular with those they had conquered.

One of the Incas greatest achievements was ______. They had a large system of interconnected roads.

engineering

Which of the following are causes for the decline in the native populations in Latin America?

disease, forced labor, and warfare

Colombia has the highest murder rate in the world as a result of

drug trafficking/drug cartels

The term Columbian Exchange refers to

The transfer of peoples, animals, plants, and diseases between the New and the Old Worlds.

Inca art often focused on _______. A person's status was often gauge by their clothing design.

textiles

One of the main causes of the Spanish-American War was _______________.

the explosion of the USS Maine.

Middle America is considered a hazardous area to live in because it experiences:

tsunamis, earthquakes, and active volcanoes

Seventeenth-century sugar plantations of Brazil and other New World colonies depended on

slave labor.

This man is the CEO of the Sinaloa cartel & the world's most powerful drug trafficker. His cartel is responsible for an estimated 25% of illegal drugs that enter the U.S. via Mexico.

El Chapo

Fidel Castro died on November 25th, 2016 after serving as Cuba's famous leader for nearly half of a century. Which one of the following dates and actions is not something that Fidel was responsible for?

1963: Ending one of the longest tenures as one of the most powerful capitalist heads of state in the world, Fidel Castro stepped down as the president of Cuba & ceded power to Russian leader Vladimir Putin.

Largest river system in the world by volume; second by length is found in South America.

Amazon River

What contributed to the end of the Cuban Missile Crisis?

America's secret promise to remove missiles from Turkey.

The largest continental mountain range runs across South America's western side.

Andes

Who was the Incan ruler who refused to give up his empire and was therefore killed?

Atahualpa

The most important agent for transmitting European beliefs, language, and culture in Spanish America and Brazil was the

Catholic Church

The United States supported an uprising in Panama against ____ in order to build the Panama Canal.

Colombia

The United States desire to contain ________ often came into direct conflict with the ideals of the people and nations of Latin America.

Communism

Which of the following groups of people in Latin America were most likely to be revolutionaries?

Creoles

A result of the Cold War tensions between Cuba and the United States still exist today; which has resulted in an _______ embargo, halting all trade with Cuba.

Economic

Even though his rule was repressive and corrupt, the United States still supported

Fulgencio Bastista

Who was the Conquistador who defeated the Aztec Empire?

Hernan Cortes

Which of the following was a primary goal of the Cuban Revolution?

Improve the standard of living for poor Cubans

Latin America is a geopolitical term that refers to countries located in both ____ and ____.

North America and South America

America has entered into various trade agreements with Latin America in hopes of integrating the economies of Latin America and North America. One of the main treaties is

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

In the early 20th Century ___________ lead may raids and peasant revolts in Northern Mexico. The U.S. was forced to get involved.

Pancho Villa

Who was the first leader of an independent Brazil?

Pedro I

As a result of the Spanish-America War, the United States gained _____ as a territory.

Philippines

The ________________ gave the U.S. government the right to oversee Cuba's finances and to lease three Cuban ports for the U.S. Navy.

Platt Amendment

This religion is dominant throughout Latin America.

Roman Catholic

The economic development of the colonies in Latin America was dominated by

Silver mining and sugar plantations

Which of the following revolutionaries wanted to unite all of South America into the Federation of the Andes?

Simon Bolivar

What was the most deadly of the epidemics in the Americas?

Smallpox

How did the October Crises, or the Cuban Missile Crisis, affect Cuba and the Soviet Union's relationship?

The Cuban government felt betrayed by the Soviet withdrawal of weapons and believed Cuba was now even more vulnerable to attack by the U.S.

One of the major environmental issues facing Latin America is ________.

deforestation of the rainforest

The Mexican-American War was caused by

a dispute over Texas

The Aztecs were very knowledgeable in ______. This was often carried out by the priest.

astronomy

The Mayan ____ was based on math and was extremely accurate.

calendar

Major achievement of the Inca society was

high organized social/economic structure

No matter what European country controlled the colonies in the New World, they used the economic concept of ________. Which dictated that nations could get wealthy by using the resources found in the colonies and selling the colonies their manufactured goods.

mercantilism

Fidel Castro lost American support when he

nationalized private land and companies and imposed heavy taxes on imports from the U.S.

Mayans used the concept of _______ well before many other civilizations.

zero