unit 5 PSY

Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of autism spectrum disorder?

Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to.

Which pair of psychiatrists were responsible for developing the Social Readjustment Rating Scale?

Holmes and Rahe

Which of the following is an example of a primary appraisal of a stressor?

Humphrey judges the man with the gun to be a moderate threat.

Apollonia was diagnosed with major depressive disorder five years ago. She knows her mother took medicine to combat depression and she worries her daughter will experience depression too. Why?

Mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis.

According to three separate surveys, administered in 1983, 2006, and 2009, which statement about the relationship between stress and sex is the most accurate?

Women report experiencing more stress than men.

Which aspect of the definition of happiness gives the impression that it is a long-term state rather than a brief mood that we experience from time to time?

a feeling that onesâ life has meaning and value

In Hans Selye's rat study, rats that were exposed to stressors over a long period of time showed signs of ________.

adrenal enlargement, thymus and lymph node shrinkage, and stomach ulceration

Piper is terribly afraid of a number of different situations. She doesn't like riding on public busses or subways, finds open spaces very intimidating, does not like feeling "lost in a crowd," and prefers the safe and secure feeling of her own home. If these symptoms cause disruptions in her life, Piper might be diagnosed with ________.

agoraphobia

Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________.

attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Nicole is socially inhibited and oversensitive to negative evaluation. She was thinking about a career in nursing, but she changed her mind because she believes the doctors would criticize her and patients would reject her. She has never been on a date because she feels socially inept and unappealing; she avoids meeting new people because anything less than immediate, unconditional acceptance causes her anxiety. Just yesterday she was invited to go on a kayak trip, but she didnâ t go because she was worried she would embarrass herself. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nicole's personality?

avoidant personality disorder

According to the textbook, which of these events would have the highest likelihood of causing posttraumatic stress disorder?

being assaulted and robbed of your cash and credit cards

The approach to psychology suggesting that psychological disorders may be best explained by looking at genetic factors, chemical imbalances, and brain abnormalities is the ________ perspective

biological

Hans Selye's definition of stress is considered a response-based definition because it conceptualizes stress chiefly in terms of the ________.

body's physiological reaction to any demand that is placed on it

Which of the following is an example of eustress?

buying a new home

Heather considers taking a new job. She focuses on the increased opportunities for promotion and the higher salary rather than her increased responsibilities; therefore, she views the new position as a ________ rather than a ________.

challenge; threat

What is comorbidity?

co-occurrence of two disorders

A psychological disorder is a ________.

condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Which term refers to mental or behavioral efforts used to manage problems relating to stress, including the cause and the unpleasant feelings and emotions it produces?

coping

Anna is a school counselor. She hates going to work and wants to lock the door and cry whenever a student comes to her for help. She just doesnâ t feel like she has anything left to give. What dimension of job burnout does this exemplify?

dimension 1 - exhaustion

Doug is an emergency room nurse in a large, underfunded, public hospital. Lately, he finds himself assuming that the patients he sees are just trying to get free drugs to feed an addiction. Just yesterday a little boy was brought in with a broken arm, and Doug found that he was completely indifferent to the boyâ s pain. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify?

dimension 2 - depersonalization

Cole spends a few weeks being treated for major depressive disorder. He eventually stops exhibiting symptoms, but a few months later they reoccur. Once again the symptoms dissipate, but a few months later they reoccur. Coleâ s major depressive disorder is ________?

episodic

Jade hears a rattle. When she turns around she sees a rattlesnake inches from her leg. Her pupils dilate, her heart pounds, and she begins to sweat. This response is called the ________ response.

fight-or-flight

________ is having an experience that is so engaging and engrossing that it becomes worth doing for its own sake. During this state a person might say that they feel that they â lose themselvesâ in the activity.

flow

Hypertension is a major risk factor for heart disease because it ________.

forces the heart to pump harder, which puts more physical strain on the heart

Fidel suddenly wanders away from his home and experiences confusion about his identity. Fidel may be experiencing dissociative ________.

fugue

The process by which oneâ s physiological defense system becomes less efficient at fighting illness is called ________ and this process is enhanced by elevated stress levels

immunosuppression

Which option is the greatest risk factor for the development of burnout?

job strain

Angela transfers to a new high school for gifted children and has trouble making friends. She expected this and plans to change it by joining more after school clubs and sitting next to different people at lunch. She believes she has effective options for dealing with the stressor of having no friends; therefore, she experiences ________.

less stress than someone who has no effective options

White blood cells that circulate in the bloodstream and are an important part of the bodyâ s immune system are called ________.

lymphocytes

Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she canâ t afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing a(n) ________ episode.

manic

Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Nathan appears to suffer from ________ personality disorder.

narcissistic

Those symptoms that involve noticeable decreases and absences in certain behaviors, emotions, or drives in those afflicted with schizophrenia are called ________ symptoms.

negative

Developing stomach ulcers during a prolonged period of stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact.

physiological

Which kind of psychology seeks to identify and promote those qualities that lead to happy, fulfilled, and contented lives rather than focusing on pathology, faults and problems?

positive psychology

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring Cordelia's left arm. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing ________ disorder.

posttraumatic stress

Brizan has just lost his job. He is proactive in trying to resolve this source of stress; he immediately uses the internet to look up other jobs in his field and plans to eliminate non-essentials from his budget to make his savings last longer. Which type of coping approach is Brizan using?

problem-focused

At the most basic level, schizophrenia is best conceptualized as a(n) ________ disorder.

psychotic

What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common?

repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts

Mental or behavioral acts that reduce anxiety in social situations, such as avoiding eye contact or rehearsing sentences before speaking are called ________.

safety behaviors

Alexis experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder, but only during the fall and winter months when she gets less direct exposure to sunlight What kind of depression does Alexis have?

seasonal pattern

Autism spectrum disorder is marked by all but which of the following categories of symptoms?

severe depressive symptoms

Diondre harbors the belief that spider eggs have been implanted underneath his fingernails and that the spiders will hatch inside his skin and will eventually begin to eat his organs. What kind of delusion is this?

somatic

The ________ perspective of psychological disorders attributed symptoms of such ailments to forces that were beyond scientific understanding, such as black magic or evil spirits.

supernatural

Peripartum onset depression is a kind of depression ________.

that applies to women who experience major depressive symptoms during or in the four weeks after a pregnancy.

________ is/are the kind of stress associated with positive feelings, as well as optimal health and performance.

Eustress

________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and worry that is accompanied by disturbances in behaviors.

Anxiety

________ is stress-reduction technique whereby electronic equipment measuring a personâ s involuntary (neuromuscular and autonomic) activity helps him gain a level of voluntary control over these processes.

Biofeedback

Which of the following individuals is demonstrating an optimistic outlook on life?

Carl, who tends to see the good in situations and always looks on the bright side of things.

Which of the following is an example of a stimulus-based definition of stress?

Caroline experiences stress because she is home alone and hears unusual noises outside.

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders