Unit 6 NCLEX

C. reduce inflammation in the airway

During a teaching session for a patient who will be receiving a new prescription for an antileukotriene, montelukast, the nurse should tell the patient that the drug works to do which of the following? A. improve the respiratory drive B. loosen and remove thickened secretions C. reduce inflammatory in the airway D. stimulate immediate bronchodilation

C. tachycardia

A 15 year old adolescent is admitted in status asthmaticus. An IV with theophylline is started. During the administration of this drug, immediate intervention is required if the nurse identifies the occurrence of: A. tinnitus B. drowsiness C. tachycardia D. blurred vision

D. it causes mucus coated gas bubbles to break into larger ones

A 30 year old business executive is taking simethicone, an antifoaming drug, for excessive flatus associated with diverticulitis. Which best describes the mechanism of action by which simethicone reduces flatus? A. it neutralizes gastric pH, thereby preventing gas B. it buffers the effects of pepsin on the gastric wall C. it decreases gastric acid secretion and thereby minimizes flatus D. it causes mucus coated gas bubbles to break into larger ones

B. eat yogurt daily

A client is receiving antibiotics and antifungal medication to treat a recurring vaginal infection. To compensate for the effect of these medications, the nurse should encourage the client to: A. eat extra fruit B. eat yogurt daily C. avoid spicy foods D. take a daily enema

B. "Do not stop taking prednisone abruptly."

A nurse is planning discharge teaching for a 10 year old male who is taking prednisone for asthma. A critical medication instruction for the child and his parents would be: A. " Observe for a moon shaped face." B. "Do not stop taking prednisone abruptly." C. "Prednisone can cause an earlier growth spurt." D. "This drug will protect you from infection."

A. a probiotic, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus

A patient has been on a long-term antibiotic therapy as part of treatment for an infected leg wound. He tells the nurse that he has had "spells of diarrhea" for the last week. Which medication is most appropriate for him at this time? A. a probiotic, such as Lactobacillus acidophiilus B. an adsorbant, such as bismuth subsalicylate C. an opiate, such as loperamide D. an anticholinergic, such as belladonna alkaloid combination

B. sinus tachycardia

A patient has been receiving an aminophylline (xanthine derivative) infusion for 24 hours. The nurse will assess for which adverse effect when assessing the patient during the infusion? a. CNS depression b. Sinus tachycardia c. Increased appetite d. Temporary urinary retention

C. a hyperosmotic, such as polyethylene glycol

A patient is being prepared for a colonoscopy. Which laxative is most appropriate as preparation for this procedure? A. a lubricant laxative, such as mineral oil B. a stool softener, such as docusate sodium C. a hyperosmotic, such as polyethylene glycol D. a bulk-forming laxative, such as psyllium

D. heart palpitations

A patient is taking a decongestant to help reduce symptoms of a cold. The nurse will instruct the patient to observe for which possible symptoms, which may indicate an adverse effect of this drug? A. increased cough B. dry mouth C. slower heart rate D. heart palpitations

A. give the tetracycline, but delay the antacid for 1 to 2 hours

A patient is taking oral tetracycline complains of heartburn and requests an antacid. The nurse should: A. give the tetracycline, but delay the antacid for 1 to 2 hours B. give the antacid, but delay the tetracycline for at least four hours C. administer both medications together D. explain that the antacid cannot be given while the patient is taking the tetracycline

A. a b agonist, such as albuterol

A patient who has a history of asthma is experiencing an acute episode of shortness of breath and needs to take a medication for immediate relief. Which medication will the nurse choose for this situation? A. a b agonist, such as albuterol B. an antileukotriene, such as montelukast C. a corticosteroid, such as fluticasone D. an anticholinergic, such as ipratropium

D. "This drug may not help the more severe nausea symptoms associated with chemotherapy."

A patient who has been receiving chemotherapy tells the nurse that he has been searching the internet for antinausea remedies and that he found a reference to a product called Emetrol (phosphorated carbohydrate solution). He wants to know if this drug would help him. The nurse's best answer would be which of the following? A. "This may be a good remedy for you. Let's talk to your physician." B. "This drug is used only after other drugs have not worked." C. "This drug is used only to treat severe nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy." D. "This drug may not help the more severe nausea symptoms associated with chemotherapy."

A. an expected adverse effect of the medication

After a nebulizer treatment with the B agonist albuterol, the patient complains of feeling a little "shaky" with sligh tremors of the hands. His heart rate is 98 beats/min, increased from the pretreatment rate of 88 beats/min. The nurse knows that this reaction is: A. an expected adverse effect of the medication B. an allergic reaction to the medication C. an indication that he has received an overdose of the medication D. an idiosyncratic reaction to the medication

C. tachycardia

After the administration of epinephrine to a child with asthma, the nurse would carefully monitor for common side effect of: A. flushing B. dyspnea C. tachycardia D. hypotension

B. rinse out the mouth with water

After the patient takes a dose of an inhaled corticosteroid, such as fluticasone (flovent), what is the most important action the patient needs to do next? A. hold the breath for 60 seconds B. rinse out the mouth with water C. follow the corticosteroid with a bronchodilator inhaler, if ordered D. repeat the dose in 15 minutes if the patient feels short of breath

C. recolonize the normal flora of the GI tract

After the severe effects of dehydration are under control in a 3 month old infant, the physician orders lactobacilli granules (a probiotic) to: A. diminish inflammatory mucosal edema B. relieve the pain of gas in the GI tract C. recolonize the normal flora of the GI tract D. relieve the pain caused by gastric hyperacidity

D. increased nasal congestion

An adolescent with allergies has been using oxymetazoline a decongestant nasal spray. The nurse explains that if more than the recommended dose is taken, the client can develop: A. nasal polyps B. ringing in the ears C. bleeding tendencies D. increased nasal congestion

C. a patient who has had recent abdominal surgery

The nurse knows that an antitussive cough medication would be the best choice for which patient? A. a patient with a productive cough B. a patient with chronic paranasal sinusitis C. a patient who has had recent abdominal surgery D. a patient who has influenza

D. lower the surface tension of feces in the GI tract

The physician orders docusate sodium, a stool softener, every day for a client. The nurse recognizes that this drug is ordered specifically to: A. lubricate the feces and GI tract B. create an osmotic effect in the GI tract C. stimulate the motor activity of the GI tract D. lower the surface tension of feces in the GI tract

D. increasing peristalsis

The physician prescribes bisacodyl, a stimulant laxative, for a client with cardiac disease. The nurse is aware that this drug acts by: A. softening feces B. producing bulk C. lubricating feces D. increasing peristalsis

D. possible obstruction

What is the major concern regarding the administration of oral methylcellulose? A. dehydration B. tarry stools C. renal calculi D. possible obstruction

C. hypertension

When giving decongestants, the nurse must remember that these drugs have alpha-stimulating effects that can result in: A. fever B. bradycardia C. hypertension D. CNS depression

C. delayed gastric emptying

When reviewing the various types of antinausea medications, the nurse recognizes that prokinetic drugs are also used for which of the following? A. motion sickness B. vertigo C. delayed gastric emptyhing D. GI obstruction

B. "Apply the patch at least 4 hours before traveling."

Which patient teaching instruction is most appropriate for a patient who plans to use scopolamine transdermal patches during a cruise? A. "Apply the patch the day before traveling." B. "Apply the patch at least 4 hours before traveling." C. "The patch should be applied to the shoulder area." D. "The patch should be applied to the temple just above the ear."