Unit 9 Biology

Which type of trees is found in a temperate forest?

Deciduous

The biome known for trees with broad leaves that fall off the trees in the winter.

Deciduous Forests

Which biome receives between 0 to 25 centimeters of rain per year, has a temperature range of 0 to 50 degrees Celsius, has poor soil, and is home to lizards, scorpions, and snakes?

Desert

Which major biome is home to cacti, mesquite, white thorn, pack rats, small reptiles, and coyotes?

Desert

What's the role of consumers in a food chain?

Eat other species and keep them from overpopulating

Primary consumers

Eat plants, Herbivores

Water cycle

Evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation

The way energy is passed from one organism to another

Food Chain

Which biome contains large populations of grazing herbivores, few species of birds, and deep, rich soil?

Grassland

Example of a consumer

Hawk

Limiting factor examples

Amount of water Amount of food Temperature Amount of space Availability of mates

Areas defined by their geographical location and ecological similarity are called?

Biomes

Largest to smallest of orginazation

Biosphere, Ecosystem, Community, Population, Organism

The environment is made up of two factors

Biotic factors, and Abiotic factors

Decomposers

Breakdown the complex compounds of dead and decaying plants and animals into simpler molecules that can be absorbed

Which one is NOT an example of a decomposer?

Leaves are not but (mushrooms, mold, worm are)

Nitrogen cycle

Only in certain bacteria and industrial technologies can fix nitrogen (fixing bacteria)

Which of the following correctly lists the levels of organization from least complex to most complex?

Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome

One characteristic feature of tundra is that only the surface thaws in the summer and refreezes in the winter, leaving a layer of permanently frozen subsoil. This characteristic is known as

Permafrost

Carbon cycle

Photosynthesis and respiration cycle carbon and oxygen through the environment.

Secondary, tertiary consumers

Prey animals, Carnivores

Which of the following habitats probably has the greatest number of plant and animal species?

Rainforest in Brazil

Where do all life forms get their energy?

Sun

Which of the fallowing has only abiotic factors?

Sunlight, soil, and weather

A ________ is a forest biome consisting mostly of cone-bearing evergreen trees

Taiga

This biome contains mostly spruce trees and Douglas firs, which are both evergreen. The winters are long and cold and the summers are short and rainy. The soil is very rich. Moose and elk live here. This biome is classified as a

Taiga

In which biome is Georgia located?

Temperate Deciduous Forest

The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?

They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms

Which biome covers most of the land mass near the Earth's equator?

Tropical Rain Forest

This biome is found around the equator and is home to a large amount of biodiversity.

Tropical Rain Forests

The greatest biodiversity on earth is found in the __________ biome.

Tropical Rainforest

Which biome, because of its climate, has the largest number of species of plants and animals?

Tropical Rainforest

Which biome is MOST LIKE the "desert" in terms of precipitation?

Tundra

Which biome is characterized by low temperatures and low amounts of rainfall?

Tundra

Which biome is found on the mountain above the tree line?

Tundra

Which biome receives between 0 and 25 centimeters of precipitation each year, has a temperature range from -27 to 5 degrees Celsius, has frozen soil, and is home to hares, caribou, and wolves?

Tundra

The most important abiotic factors when studying biomes are...

Water and Temperature

Land (or terrestrial) biome

a biome that occurs on land and not in the water

Climatogram

a graph that shows both annual precipitation and temperature in an area

Population

a group of organisms of one species living in the same place at the same time that interbreed

Taiga (or coniferous forest or boreal forest)

a lana biome characterized by cool summers; cold winters, and mostly coniferous (" evergreen") trees

Tundra

a land biome characterized by cold temperatures, high winds, and small plants

Temperate forest (or deciduous forest)

a land biome characterized by having more deciduous trees (trees that lose their leaves in the winter) than conifers; includes the eastern United States

Desert

a land biome characterized by little~ rainfall and extreme changes in temperature

Biome

a physical environment that has certain characteristic plants and animals mainly due to climate

Savanna

a type of grassland found primarily in Africa; has small clusters of trees, large herbivorous animals, such as giraffes, elephants, rhinoceros, and hippopotamuses, and large cats, such as lions and cheetahs

Prairie

a type of grassland that makes up the Midwestern United States; characterized by tall grasses -and grazing herbivores

Temperature is an example of what kind of factor?

abiotic

Temperature, light, air, water, and soil are all _____ parts of the environment

abiotic

an environmental factor that is not associated with the activities of living organisms

abiotic factor

Which of the following is not a biotic factor?

air

Examples of a producer

algae

Producer

all autotrophs (plants),they trap energy from the sun (Bottom of the food chain)

Consumer

all heterotrophs: they ingest food containing the sun's energy (Herbivores, Carnivores, Omnivores, Decomposers)

Biotic factors

all living organisms inhabiting the Earth

What is a carnivore?

an animal that gets energy by eating other animals

What is a herbivore?

an organism that gets energy from eating only plants

What is a producer?

an organisms that uses sunlight to make its own food

Limiting factor

any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence of organisms in a specific environment

Organism

any unicellular or multicellular form exhibiting all of the characteristics of life, an individual (lowest level of orginization)

Mutualism

beneficial to both species (cleaning birds and cleaner shrimp)

the part of Earth where life exists; includes all of the living organisms on Earth

biosphere

A living or once-living organisms in an ecosystem is a

biotic factor

an environmental factor that is associated with or results from the activities of living organisms

biotic factors

Which of the following is a population?

blue-tailed skinks (lizards) around a barn

the movement of carbon from the nonliving environment into living things and back

carbon cycle

A collection of organisms that belong to different populations but all live in the same area and interact with one another

community

Which is the third level of enviornmental organization

community

a group of various species that live in the same habitat and interact with each other

community

An organism that gets energy from eating other organisms is a ______________

comsumer

Humans are considered

comsumers

an organism that eats other organisms or organic matter instead of producing its own nutrients or obtaining nutrients from inorganic sources

consumer

Frogs are considered

consumers

.Nitrogen fixation

convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonium (NH4+) which can be used to make organic compounds like amino acids

Humus

decaying organic matter that makes up part of soil

An organism that gets energy from breaking down dead organisms, non-living material or waste

decomposer

Mold is a

decomposer

an organism that feeds by breaking down organic matter from dead organisms

decomposer

Worms are considered

decomposers

the study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with their environment

ecology

A collection of organisms that make up a community as well as all of the nonliving aspects of the environment

ecosystem

a community of organisms and their abiotic environment

ecosystem

the pathway of energy transfer through various stages as a result of the feeding patterns of a series of organisms

food chain

A connection of food chains with many food energy paths in an ecosystem is a ____________

food web

Example of a decomposer

fungus

Which of the following is NOT a consumer

grass

Which of the following is not an abiotic factor?

grass

the dependence of every organism on its connections with other living and nonliving parts of its environment

interdependence

Grassland biome

land biome characterized by moderate rainfall, fields of grasses, and few trees

Biosphere

life supporting portions of Earth composed of air, land, fresh water, and salt water (highest level of orginization)

the process by which gaseous nitrogen is converted into ammonia, a compound that organisms can use to make amino acids and other nitrogen-containing organic molecules

nitrogen fixation

Abiotic factors

nonliving parts of the environment (temperature, soil, light, moisture, air currents))

An animal that gets energy from eating both plants and animals is a

omnivore

Parasitism

one species benefits (parasite) and the other is harmed (host) (lampreys, leeches, fleas,ticks, tapeworm)

Commensalism

one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped (orchids on a tree, polar bears and cyanobacteria)

a group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific geographical area

population

Ecosystem

populations in a community and the abiotic factors with which they interact

An animal that is hunted and eaten for food is a

prey

Grass is considered

producer

Tree is a

producer

an organism that can make organic molecules from inorganic molecules

producer

What four things do every organism need for survival?

protection, water, food, and air

Trophic levels

represent a feeding step in the transfer of energy and matter in an ecosystem or each link in a food chain is known as a trophic level

Community

several interacting populations that inhabit a common environment and are interdependent

Food web

shows all possible feeding relationships in a community at each trophic level

Food chain

simple model that shows how matter and energy move through an ecosystem

What is an example of a biotic factor?

skunk

Biomass

the amount of organic matter comprising a group of organisms in a habitat

Tropical rainforest

the most biodiverse land biome; found near the equator where year-round temperatures and rainfall are high

Habitat

the place in which an organism lives out its life

Niche

the role a species plays in a community; its total way of life (determined by the tolerance limitations of an organism, or a limiting factor.)

Ecology

the scientific study of interactions between organisms and their environments, focusing on energy transfer

What are the key features of the Tundra?

treeless, permafrost, cold dark winters

Lizards and cacti are biotic factors in a desert ecosystem that would rely on which abiotic factors?

water and soil

the continuous movement of water between the atmosphere, the land, and the oceans

water cycle

What is a example of a abiotic factor?

weather