Unit B Matter, Properties, and Change Study Guide

Identify the conditions which can affect Solubility

*a solute's solubility depends on the chemical nature of the solvent *another important factor that influences solubility is the temperature of the system *the most common solvent is water

List three examples of Chemical Changes

*burning wood / rotting bananas / cooking an egg *digesting food in your stomach *milk going sour / explosion of fireworks

List three examples of Physical Changes

*crumpling a sheet of paper / chopping wood *melting an ice cube / boiling water * crushing a can/ breaking a bottle

Use the Element symbol "Ar" to answer the following question: How many protons does the Element "Ar" have?

18

Use the Element symbol "Ar" to answer the following question: How many neutrons does the Element "Ar" have?

21.95

Use the Element symbol "Ar" to answer the following question: What does the number 39.95 represent on the Element?

Atomic Mass

Use the Element symbol "Ar" to answer the following question: What does the 18 represent on the Element?

Atomic number

Matter is composed of extremely small particles, too small to be seen with a classroom microscope, called ____________.

Atoms

List three examples of Physical Property

Color/smell Freezing/boiling/melting point Density

(Increased or decreased) temperatures means the lesser average energy of motion so most substances will contract when cooled.

Decreased

List three examples of Chemical Property

Flammability Rust Acidity/reactivity

What state of Matter has the following characteristics: * no definite shape * can spread out indefinitely when not contained * If contained it will take the shape of the container

Gas

________particles have enough energy to overcome attractive forces. Each of the particles are well separated resulting in a very low density.

Gas

Condensation is when a _________changes into a ___________.

Gas → Liquid

_______energy is in the motion of molecules in the phases of matter. Atoms and molecules are perpetually in motion.

Heat

( Increased or decreased) temperatures means the greater average energy of motion so most substances expand when heated.

Increased

What is the periodic table? How is this arranged?

Is an arrangement of the chemical elements, organized on the basis of their atomic number (number of protons in the nucleus).

Which State of Matter has: *definite Volume *able to change shape by flowing *particles can move around *particles can move around

Liquid

Evaporation is when a __________changes into a ___________.

Liquid → Gas

Freezing Point is when a _________changes into a ___________.

Liquid → Solid

What is matter?

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.

What are properties the of matter?

Physical Properties Chemical Properties

Where are the Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons located in an ATOM?

Protons and Neutrons are located in the nucleus (center of the ATOM) and the Electrons are located on the outside of the nucleus

Which State of Matter has: *definite Volume & Shape *Atoms packed close together but not compressed

Solid

Melting Point is when a __________changes into a __________.

Solid → Liquid

There are 3 states of matter. What are they? Describe the atomic arrangement of each phase

Solid- atoms are close together, has a pattern Liquid-atoms are a little close together, take the shape of its container, and has a random arrangement Gas- atoms are far apart, has a random arrangement, and move quickly

______________ is an example of a physical property. This property means that the amount of ___________that can be dissolved in a specific volume of ___________ under certain conditions.

Solubility, solute, solvent

9. What is density and its formula?

a property that describes the relationship between mass and volume. Density= mass/volume D=m/v

Atoms are the smallest part of an ___________that has the chemical properties of the ____________.

element, element

Since the ___________molecules can move they will take the shape of their container. When heat is added a __________can become a __________.

liquid, liquid gas

Since particles are able to touch the densities of _________ will be close to that of a _______(water is a special exception).

solid, liquid

When heat is added a __________can become a __________.

solid, liquid

Most substances can exist as a________, _________, or _________depending on temperature.

solid, liquid, gas

All ____________ have some thermal energy, its atoms do __________. However, this movement is very small and very rapid, and cannot be observed under ordinary conditions.

solids, vibrate,