Unit B Matter, Properties, and Change Study Guide
Identify the conditions which can affect Solubility
*a solute's solubility depends on the chemical nature of the solvent *another important factor that influences solubility is the temperature of the system *the most common solvent is water
List three examples of Chemical Changes
*burning wood / rotting bananas / cooking an egg *digesting food in your stomach *milk going sour / explosion of fireworks
List three examples of Physical Changes
*crumpling a sheet of paper / chopping wood *melting an ice cube / boiling water * crushing a can/ breaking a bottle
Use the Element symbol "Ar" to answer the following question: How many protons does the Element "Ar" have?
18
Use the Element symbol "Ar" to answer the following question: How many neutrons does the Element "Ar" have?
21.95
Use the Element symbol "Ar" to answer the following question: What does the number 39.95 represent on the Element?
Atomic Mass
Use the Element symbol "Ar" to answer the following question: What does the 18 represent on the Element?
Atomic number
Matter is composed of extremely small particles, too small to be seen with a classroom microscope, called ____________.
Atoms
List three examples of Physical Property
Color/smell Freezing/boiling/melting point Density
(Increased or decreased) temperatures means the lesser average energy of motion so most substances will contract when cooled.
Decreased
List three examples of Chemical Property
Flammability Rust Acidity/reactivity
What state of Matter has the following characteristics: * no definite shape * can spread out indefinitely when not contained * If contained it will take the shape of the container
Gas
________particles have enough energy to overcome attractive forces. Each of the particles are well separated resulting in a very low density.
Gas
Condensation is when a _________changes into a ___________.
Gas → Liquid
_______energy is in the motion of molecules in the phases of matter. Atoms and molecules are perpetually in motion.
Heat
( Increased or decreased) temperatures means the greater average energy of motion so most substances expand when heated.
Increased
What is the periodic table? How is this arranged?
Is an arrangement of the chemical elements, organized on the basis of their atomic number (number of protons in the nucleus).
Which State of Matter has: *definite Volume *able to change shape by flowing *particles can move around *particles can move around
Liquid
Evaporation is when a __________changes into a ___________.
Liquid → Gas
Freezing Point is when a _________changes into a ___________.
Liquid → Solid
What is matter?
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
What are properties the of matter?
Physical Properties Chemical Properties
Where are the Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons located in an ATOM?
Protons and Neutrons are located in the nucleus (center of the ATOM) and the Electrons are located on the outside of the nucleus
Which State of Matter has: *definite Volume & Shape *Atoms packed close together but not compressed
Solid
Melting Point is when a __________changes into a __________.
Solid → Liquid
There are 3 states of matter. What are they? Describe the atomic arrangement of each phase
Solid- atoms are close together, has a pattern Liquid-atoms are a little close together, take the shape of its container, and has a random arrangement Gas- atoms are far apart, has a random arrangement, and move quickly
______________ is an example of a physical property. This property means that the amount of ___________that can be dissolved in a specific volume of ___________ under certain conditions.
Solubility, solute, solvent
9. What is density and its formula?
a property that describes the relationship between mass and volume. Density= mass/volume D=m/v
Atoms are the smallest part of an ___________that has the chemical properties of the ____________.
element, element
Since the ___________molecules can move they will take the shape of their container. When heat is added a __________can become a __________.
liquid, liquid gas
Since particles are able to touch the densities of _________ will be close to that of a _______(water is a special exception).
solid, liquid
When heat is added a __________can become a __________.
solid, liquid
Most substances can exist as a________, _________, or _________depending on temperature.
solid, liquid, gas
All ____________ have some thermal energy, its atoms do __________. However, this movement is very small and very rapid, and cannot be observed under ordinary conditions.
solids, vibrate,