unit one chapter 2

Which of the following is NOT true about packets?

. A message sent across the Internet can always be contained in a single packet

How many unique IP addresses could be made in a fixed-length IP address system using 6 bits?

64 users

Internet

A group of computers and servers that are connected to each other

The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) defines the protocols and standards for how the Internet works. The members of the IETF are:

A loosely organized collection of citizens and engineers who communicate mostly by email.

IP Address

A number assigned to any item that is connected to the Internet

Which two of the following statements are true about routing on the Internet.

A packet contains addressing information to allow routers to decide how best to forward along that packet towards its destination. // A packet travelling between two computers on the Internet may be rerouted many times along the way.

IPv4 packet

A packet of data that uses 32-bit addresses

Protocol

A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.

Router

A type of computer that forwards data across a network

Choose Two: Identify the two true statements about HTTP.

An HTTP request is sent from a client to request access to data stored on a server. // Displaying a web page will often require multiple HTTP requests in order to acquire all the necessary data.

URL

An easy-to-remember address for calling a web page (like www.code.org).

Even with a good protocol, what are some privacy and security challenges while playing battleship on the Internet Simulator?

Anybody in our group could see our messages, regardless if they were playing with us or not.

What feature of DNS and IP allow the internet to scale?

B. Hierarchy

A single central register of IP addresses and names (a DNS style system) is an efficient means of translating human readable names to IP addresses. Which of the following is NOT solved by DNS?

B. There are too few IP addresses to meet the current demand.

Explain one challenge raised by Vint Cerf in "The Internet is for Everyone - but it won't be if...." and give one example of it that you know about.

Challenge 5 is about how the internet is complex and how it should be fixed for that very reason. I agree for the changing of the internet to be more simple because I myself get caught up confused on certain websites or even those who don't know how to manage the internet, it'll be much easier for them

Why do computers need to periodically check the DNS for websites you have already visited?

Computers need to periodically check the DNS for websites you've already visited to because sometimes the IP address can change for a certain website so it has to check to make sure you're not on the wrong website

HTTP is considered to be a high level protocol because:

HTTP requests make use of abstractions provided by lower level protocols. Submit

HTTP

HyperText Transfer Protocol - the protocol used for transmitting web pages over the Internet

IETF

Internet Engineering Task Force - develops and promotes voluntary Internet standards and protocols, in particular the standards that comprise the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP).

What is an RFC?

Request For Comments

Packets

Small chunks of information that have been carefully formed from larger chunks of information

Pick Two: Pick the two statements about packets and routing on the Internet which are true.

TCP ensures messages can be reliably transmitted across the Internet // TCP must account for the fact that packets may not arrive at a destination computer in the intended order

Describe the relative benefits of routing over a broadcast style of communication. Is routed traffic more secure than broadcasting? Justify your answer.

The benefits of routing over a broadcast style of communication are that it provides more secure broadcasting. Routed traffic isn't more secure than broadcasting because users can manage to read the message, even though they wouldn't be the recipient of it

In the Internet Simulator, your router knows to send your message to a different router because:

The first 4 bits of the address specify the router number that your friend is on.

If the post office delivered mail exactly like routers deliver messages on the internet, which 2 of the following statements would be true?

The mailman would sometimes take a different path to deliver each letter to your home. // Letters would be written on the outside of envelopes for all to read instead of letters put inside envelopes.

In your own words, what were the primary obstacles you needed to overcome in today's challenge? How do these obstacles mirror actual problems encountered on the Internet?

The primary obstacles encountered today was that parts of packets may dropped/arrived out of order/sent at different times. To solve this problem, larger messages had to be divided into many packets which were to be individually routed to their recipient. The computer would then have to send a received message to let the sender know they got his/her message

The Internet Protocol (IP)

The required structure of a packet to be sent on the internet

The definition of HTTP makes use of the ASCII character set without reference to how these characters are encoded. Explain why this is an example of abstraction.

This is an example of abstraction because abstraction involves removing details and generalizing functionality. ASCII codes do not need to know why or how it works, they just needs to know that it does. This also applies to the protocols that make up different functions of the Internet, for each protocol is able to assume that a functionality already exists and that it doesn't need to account for it.

Which of the following information is not necessary in your protocol to play battleship?

Time of Day

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol - provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of packets on the internet. TCP is tightly linked with IP and usually seen as TCP/IP in writing. Resources

Why don't we need to know the IP addresses for our favorite sites?

We don't need to know the IP addresses for our website because it stores the IP address in a data base so we don't have to remember

Can you know in advance the path a message will take between you and another computer on the Internet? Justify your answer.

You can't, but you can see the message sent from computer to computer by checking the computer you have sent it to

Network Redundancy

having multiple backups to ensure reliability during cases of high usage or failure

Choose the two best answers to complete the sentence: If I understand how the internet works then I will be able to:

make informed choices to support or oppose decisions my government makes about access to the internet. // make informed choices about my privacy on the internet.

To improve communication in playing battleship on the Internet Simulator your group invented a(n):

protocol

DNS

short for Domain Name System, this system translates domain names (like example.com) to IP addresses (like 93.184.216.34)

Net Neutrality

the principle that all Internet traffic should be treated equally by Internet Service Providers.