Unit Test, Cumulative Exam Review, Unit 1 World History, Unit 3 Test Review, Unit 2

With the creation of the cuneiform system, scribes were able to

keep records of government.

Which best describes how the pharaohs' used art and architecture?

for celebrations

Spain and Portugal competed over territory in North America as a result of the voyages of Ferdinand Magellan. Vasco da Gama. Bartolomeu Dias. Christopher Columbus.

Christopher Columbus.

da Vinci

During the Renaissance, an artist who was considered a "Renaissance man" because of his expertise in several areas was -Michelangelo -Dontaello -Da Vinci Botticelli

Great Peasants Revolt

Goal of ____ ____ ____ was to take wealth away from the Roman Catholic Church.

Which statement best characterizes the ideas of Voltaire? People are naturally reasonable. People are naturally selfish and violent. Governments create unequal societies. Government should be separate from religion.

Government should be separate from religion.

How did Charlemagne improve the lives of people in Europe?

He revived education.

Why were banks created in medieval England?

Merchants needed a place to exchange currency from other countries.

Which describes a difference between the attacks of Arab Muslim armies and the attacks of Ottoman Turk armies on the Byzantine Empire? Muslim armies began attacking the Empire in 700, while Turk armies captured Constantinople in 1453. Muslim armies conquered Egypt and Syria in 700, while Turk armies captured the Orthodox Church in 1453. Muslim armies seized Constantinople in 1453, while Turk armies seized other Byzantine lands starting in 700. Muslim armies conquered Anatolia in 700, while Turk armies captured Egypt and Syria in 1453.

Muslim armies began attacking the Empire in 700, while Turk armies captured Constantinople in 1453.

What is one way government changed in Athens during the Golden Age?

The number of paid officials increased, which was beneficial to the lower class citizens who served in office.

How did the lives of peasants change under the government of Wu Di?

They were required to work for the government one month per year.

Which statement best explains the importance of the Age of Discovery? The Age of Discovery was the beginning of globalization. The Age of Discovery established longer trade routes. The Age of Discovery covered a very short time in history. The Age of Discovery explained the rise of freedom movements.

WRONG ANSWER:The Age of Discovery explained the rise of freedom movements. RIGHT ANSWER:The Age of Discovery was the beginning of globalization.

Roman Inquistion

created a list of books churchgoers were forbidden to read

the Reformation

differing interpretations of the Bible by Christians in Europe eventually led to -the Reformation -the Hundred Years War -the Black Plague -the Italian wars

missionaries

during the 1500's, many Jesuits became -rebels -princes -heretics -missionaries.

photography

during the Renaissance, Italian cities became centers of - photography - warfare - banking - transportation

Peace of Augsburg

ended conflict between German princes and Holy Roman Emperor

In The Prince, Machiavelli argues that leaders maintain power through

fear and cruelty.

.Read the excerpt from the History of Herodotus, Book 2. Egypt . . . is an acquired country, the gift of the river. This quotation from Herodotus, a Greek who traveled in Egypt, is about how the Nile River enabled ancient Egyptian civilization to develop and succeed. What specifically was the river's gift?

fertile soil

One effect of the Crusades was that the Catholic Church

grew in power and authority.

Louis XIV is considered a perfect example of an absolute monarch because he

held all power in France and claimed to represent God on Earth.

Louis XIV is considered a perfect example of an absolute monarch because he gave more political power to ordinary French citizens. reigned during a period of peaceful relations with France's neighbors. held all power in France and claimed to represent God on Earth. left the throne and called for free elections to choose a successor.

held all power in France and claimed to represent God on Earth.

he applied them to society

how did Thomas More's work help spread humanistic ideas? -he applied them to the church -he applied them to society -he applied them to theater. he applied them to the arts.

decorate religious spaces

unlike during the Medieval period, church leaders commissioned works of art during the Renaissance to -teach religious lessons -reward church supporters -demonstrate church wealth -decorate religious spaces

Agreement reached by Council of Trent

seminars should be established to train priests.

During the Scientific Revolution, both Copernicus and Galileo opposed a new theory of the universe related to the motion of Earth and other planets. opposed the study of the sun, moon, and stars because it was considered heresy. supported a theory of the universe that contradicted the teachings of the Catholic Church. supported the geocentric theory in opposition to the beliefs of most Christians at the time.

supported a theory of the universe that contradicted the teachings of the Catholic Church.

patrons

supports of art during the Renaissance were called -clergy -patrons -humanists -popes

What caused Europe's population to increase, to provoke its interest in trade, and provided its population with large amounts of gold and silver? the Commercial Revolution the Columbian Exchange the Triangular Trade the mercantilism economy

the Columbian Exchange

urbanization

the Italian Renaissance spread across Europe in the late 1400's through - religion -urbanization -newspapers -farming

France

the Italian wars that began in 1494 helped spread Renaissance ideas to -Portugal -Spain -England -France

establishing new denominations

the Ninety-Five Theses called for many reforms, including -establishing new denominations -banning the sale of indulgences -allowing only priests to forgive sins -building palaces with church funds

an English monarch and the Catholic pope.

the Reformation in England stemmed from a difference of opinion between -an English priest and other church leaders -an English priest and one of his churchgoers. -an English monarch and the Catholic pope. -an English monarch and a German monarch.

naturalism

the artistic technique used in The Adoration of the Magi by Sandro Botticelli is best described as -naturalism -secularism -patronage -perspective

Lutheranism

the concept of predestination was a major part of -Anglicanism -Calvinism -Lutheranism -Presbyterianism

naturalism

the focus on the visible world in Renaissance art was called -naturalism -materialism -secularism -classicalism

read

the popularity of the Gutenberg press in Europe made books more accessible and motivated people to want to learn how to... -write -paint -read -travel

What key power did the British Parliament hold by 1600? the power to tax the power to choose a king the power to try those accused of crimes the power to declare war

the power to tax

a refusal to accept the spread of Protestantism

the quotation from the Council of Trent is most likely about -a refusal to accept the spread of Protestantism -a vote of support for the Church of England - a call to arms against the Catholic Church - a desire to end the sale of indulgences

Boyle's law explains the way to develop an idea and design an experiment. the impact of gravity on the motion of objects on Earth. the relationship between pressure and the volume of gas. the elliptical orbit of Earth and other planets around the sun.

the relationship between pressure and the volume of gas.

Which feature of Timbuktu helped make it a center of intellectual advances and culture? the library the mosque the museum the university

the university

Lutherans

these people had to change their religion or leave the state if a German prince decided a state was Catholic in issues.

Louis XIV called himself the "Sun King" because he

thought that, like the sun, he was at the center of the French universe.

he married Anne Boleyn in defiance of the Pope

why did King Henry VIII leave the Catholic Church in the 1500's? - he wanted to prevent the sale of indulgence - he married Anne Boleyn in defiance of the Pope - he drafted a list that criticized church practices. - he translated the Bible in German and English.

How is India distinct from the rest of Asia?

It is a subcontinent.

Why was the Petition of Right (1628) of such importance? It gave the king unlimited power. It stated that the law was higher than the king. It restored the monarchy. It made Puritanism the official religion of England.

It stated that the law was higher than the king.

Which statement about the Qur'an is true? It is a collection of Muhammad's prophecies. It written in both Arabic and Hebrew. It was compiled after Muhammad's death. It is a book that Muslims follow only during specific religious events.

It was compiled after Muhammad's death.

developing new, realistic techiques

Jan Van Eyck contributed to Renaissance art by -developing new, realistic techniques -painting realistic watercolors of animals. - developing precise, stylistic techniques. - painting realistic watercolors of landscapes.

Read the following quotation from Catholic bishop Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet at the court of Louis XIV. Rulers then act as the ministers of God and as his lieutenants on earth. It is through them that God exercises his empire. . . . Consequently, as we have seen, the royal throne is not the throne of a man, but the throne of God himself. What best summarizes the bishop's point of view?

Kings on Earth rule with God's authority.

What was the contributing factor to Napoleon's defeat at the Battle of Trafalgar? Spain allied with Britain, and together they defeated France's weak navy. Napoleon enlisted Spain's help in forming a strong navy, but he was defeated anyway. The allied forces, made up of all countries in Europe except France, defeated the French. Spain refused Napoleon's request for help and turned against France.

Napoleon enlisted Spain's help in forming a strong navy, but he was defeated anyway.

What was the reason for Julius Caesar's assassination?

Some people feared Caesar wanted to become king and destroy the republic.

The Peloponnesian War began after

Sparta attacked Athens by land.

Early Christianity accepted aspects of Judaism and incorporated them into the religion. How are these elements of Judaism still visible in modern Christianity?

The New Testament references some Jewish teachings.

A goal of which revolution(s) was the restoration of a Protestant monarch? the Glorious Revolution the French and Glorious revolutions the American and Glorious revolutions the French Revolution

WRONG ANSWER:the American and Glorious revolutions RIGHT ANSWER:the French Revolution

Which best explains how wealthy residents of Italian cities contributed to the Renaissance?

Wealthy residents bought works of art, which supported artists.

Luther taught that salvation came from faith alone, while the Church taught that both faith and good works could bring about salvation

Which statement best compares the ideas of Martin Luther to the ideas of the Catholic Church in the 1500''s? -Luther taught that salvation came from faith alone, while the Church taught that both faith and good works could bring about salvation. -Luther taught that priests and popes were closer to God, while the Church taught that all Christians were equal in God's view. -Luther believed the Bible should remain in Latin, while the Church believed the Bible should be translated into different languages. -Luther believed people should pay for their sin to be forgiven, while the Church believed people should not pay for forgiveness

Henry VIII

Who started the Reformation in England? - John Calvin -Henry VIII -Martin Luther -John Wycliffe

creating complex characters

William Shakespeare's plays contributed to Renaissance culture by - satirizing the Catholic Church -describing an ideal society - creating complex characters -creating both books and art

Which statement about women's power during the Renaissance is true?

Women had little political or economic power.

The official religion of the Roman Empire was a form of paganism in which worshippers prayed to Roman gods and the emperor. In Judea, was there any freedom of religion under Roman rule?

Yes, Jews were able to practice their religion.

After conquering China, the Mongols created the Han Dynasty. Ming Dynasty. Song Dynasty. Yuan Dynasty.

Yuan Dynasty.

Dante Alighieri

a Renaissance writer considered one of the greatest poets of all time is -Thomas More -Niccolo Machiavelli -Dante Alighieri -Baldassare Castiglione

What did the Mayas develop? intricate roads to connect different parts of their empire stone carvings that showed images of their rulers a calendar based on a solar year of 365 days an urban area with a system of canals

a calendar based on a solar year of 365 days

religion

a common theme found in both Medieval art and Renaissance art is -religion -music -nature -science

an airplane

a famous sketch by Leonardo da Vinci showed an early version of -a locomotive -an airplane -an 18-wheeler truck -an aircraft carrier

What is a Hajj? a book of laws a religious idol a journey to Mecca a member of an Arab tribe

a journey to Mecca

some people are picked before birth for salvation

a key belief of Calvinism in the 1500's, was that -human beings are born free form all sins -children should not attend religious services - only priests and popes should interpret the Bible -some people are picked before birth for salvation

Which best describes the Incas? a large and rich empire in South America a small and poor indigenous tribe in Central America a large and rich empire in Mexico a small and poor indigenous tribe in South America

a large and rich empire in South America

the Divine Comedy

a major Renaissance poem that included real people as its characters was -the Prince -The Divine Comedy -Don Quixote -The Book of the Courtier

the role of humanism

a major theme present in Renaissance art, but not in Medieval art, is -the role of humanism -the role of the church -the role of agriculture -the role of patrons

created for wealthy patrons

a reason that Renaissance art looked different from Medieval art is that it was generally -created for the Catholic Church -created for major political figures -created for aspiring artists -created for wealthy patrons

Read the quotation from the Council of Trent in the 1500s. [W]ith God going before us . . . we may . . . deliberate and discuss . . . whatsoever is needful for repelling those assaults of barbarians and infidels, with which they seek the overthrow of all Christendom. What is the quotation most likely about?

a refusal to accept the spread of Protestantism

were excommunicated from the Catholic Church for their actions

a similarity between Henry VIII and Martin Luther was that both -formed new denominations that spread throughout Europe - were European monarchs who opposed the Catholic Church -were religious leaders who tried to change the Catholic Church -were excommunicated from the Catholic Church for their actions

Though the Aztecs held the most powerful empire in Central America, which Spanish advantage contributed to the Aztecs' defeat?

advanced weapons

helping merchants become patrons

trade spread the Italian Renaissance across Europe by -helping merchants become patrons -helping monarchs become artists -helping merchants become politicians -helping artists become patrons

Read this passage, which was written by a Spanish explorer in the 1500s. This great city of [Tenochtitlán] is situated in this salt lake . . . . There are four . . . entrances to the city, all of which are formed by artificial [walkways] . . . . The city is as large as Seville or Cordova; its streets . . . are very wide and straight . . . . All the streets at intervals have openings, through which the water flows . . . and at these openings, some of which are very wide, there are also very wide bridges, composed of large pieces of timber, of great strength and well put together; on many of these bridges ten horses can go abreast. This quotation describes an Aztec city. an Inca city. a Maya city. a Zapotec city.

an Aztec city.

Donatelo

an artist who was famous for his lifelike depictions of the human body during the Renaissance was -Botticelli -Donatelo -Saint Mark -Michelangelo

One result of the Great Famine in Europe was

an increase in death rates.

Holbein blended techniques from the Italian Renaissance with his own artistic style

based on the painting, The Ambassadors, by Han Hoblein the Younger, which best states how Hoblien contributed to the Northern Renaissance? -Hoblein blended Techniques from the Italian Renaissance with his own artistic style -Hoblein blended ideas form Christian humanism with his own artistic style -Hoblein blended techniques from classical sculptures with his own artistic style -Hoblein blended ideas from the church doctrine with his own artistic style.

Counter Reformation

beginning of Catholic Reformation Council of Trent foudning Jesuit order Protestant Reformation

The main form of West African government was

bureaucracy.

books

by 1500, Renaissance ideas were mainly being spread across Europe through -speeches -books -recordings -politicians

lifelike

compared with Medieval art, Renaissance art often appeared to be -unrealistic --lifelike -ordinary -religious

show the wealth of patrons

compared with Medieval art, the purpose of Renaissance art was to -support the role of patrons -support the role of the church - show the wealth of patrons -show the wealth of the church

Which list states achievements from the Scientific Revolution in the correct order? i. The heliocentric theory is published. ii. Galileo argues for Copernicus. iii. Isaac Newton develops calculus. iv. The scientific method is invented. i. Galileo argues for Copernicus. ii. The heliocentric theory is published. iii. The scientific method is invented. iv. Isaac Newton develops calculus. i. Galileo argues for Copernicus. ii. Isaac Newton develops calculus. iii. The heliocentric theory is published. iv. The scientific method is invented. i. The heliocentric theory is published. ii. The scientific method is developed. iii. Galileo argues for Copernicus. iv. Isaac Newton develops calculus.

i. The heliocentric theory is published. ii. The scientific method is developed. iii. Galileo argues for Copernicus. iv. Isaac Newton develops calculus.

fear and cruelty

in The Prince, Machiavelli argues that leaders maintain power through -kindness and strength -love and kindness -selfishness and discipline -fear and cruelty

political and economic reasons

in addition to an interest in religious reform, the princes of Germany supported Martin Luther's ideas for -cultural and social reasons - political and economic reasons -ethical and philosophical reasons -educational and intellectual reasons

escape religious persecution

in the 1500's, John Calvin left France to -escape religious persecution -become a Catholic priest -translate the Bible into German -stand trial at the Diet of Worms

a critic of the Catholic Church

in the mid 1300's, John Wycliffe was -a critic of the Protestant Church -a reverend in the Protestant Church - a critic of the Catholic Church - a priest in the Catholic Church

Pythagoras was an ancient Greek

mathematician.

In addition to an interest in religious reform, the princes of Germany supported Martin Luther's ideas for

political and economic reasons.

the Catholic Church mostly remained separate from European politics and government

what statement best describes the Catholic Church during the Renaissance? - the monarchs of Europe governed the Catholic Church and dictated its policies and practices -the Catholic Church was increasingly seen as a corrupt institution with too much power. -the Catholic Church mostly remained separate from European politics and government -the people of Europe had little contact with the Catholic Church, which had no influence over their lives.

northern Europe

where did Italian artists and writers flee for safety during the Italian wars? - northern Europe -southern Europe -North America -South America

humanism helped Europeans believe in their own potential

which best explains how humanism affected the way Europeans thought about themselves? -humanism helped Europeans believe in their own potential -humanism helped Europeans strengthen their religious beliefs -humanism helped Europeans create classical works of art -humanism helped Europeans reject classical beliefs

the Medicis became church leaders and pushed the church to support art.

which best explains how the Medicis were able to convince the Catholic Church to become a patron of the arts during the Renaissance? -the Medicis became church leaders and pushed the church to support art. -the Medicis gave the church luxury goods in exchange for supporting art. -the Medicis gave the church textile goods in exchange for supporting art. -the Medicis became government leaders and pushed the church to support art.

both questioned Church teachings while still being religious

which best states how Erasmus and More helped spread Renaissance ideas in Europe? -both questioned humanist beliefs while still being creative -both questioned church teachings while still being religious -both challenged humanist beliefs while still being religious -both defended church teachings while still being creative

major works produced during the High Renaissance emphasized beauty and led to a revival of classical influence.

which best states how major works produced during the High Renaissance, such as Mona Lisa, affected European culture? -major works produced during the High Renaissance emphasized beauty and led to a revival of classical influence. - major works produced during the High Renaissance emphasized spirituality and led to a revival of church influence. -major works produced during the High Renaissance emphasized naturalism and led to a revival of secular influence. -major works produced during the High Renaissance emphasized science and led to a revival of scientific influence

Martin Luther's criticisms of the Catholic Church sparked the Reformation, John Calvin created a new denomination that promoted good works.

which pair of statements best compares the roles of Martin Luther and John Calvin in the Reformation? - Martin Luther's criticisms of the Catholic Church sparked the Reformation, John Calvin created a new denomination that promoted good works. - John Calvin's criticisms of the Catholic Church sparked the Reformation, Martin Luther created a new denomination that promoted good works. - Martin Luther broke from the Catholic Church over an annulment, John Calvin translated the Bible into English and started the Church of England. - John Calvin broke from the Catholic Church over an annulment, Martin Luther translated the Bible into English and started the Church of England.

women has little political or economic power

which statement about women's power during the Renaissance is true? -women had great political power but little economic power -women had great political and economic power -women had little political or economic power. -women had great economic power but little political power.

Calvin taught his followers that human beings needed to follow strict rules to overcome their nature and do good

which statement best defines the teachings of John Calvin? -Calvin taught his followers that salvation could be achieved through faith, but not through good works. -Calvin taught his followers that human beings needed to follow strict rules to overcome their nature and do good. -Calvin taught his followers that they could reduce punishment for their sins by giving generously to the church. -Calvin taught his followers that priests and popes were closer to God than their churchgoers.

Martin Luther

who launched the Protestant Reformation it the 1500's? -John Calvin -Henry VIII -Martin Luther -John Wycliffe