UNIT TEST: EARTH IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM

Question 13: Scientists who wish to study the formation of the solar system rely on ancient rock materials. Write one letter in each blank to correctly complete the sentences about this process. Rocks from 1. EARTH provide a less reliable measure of the age of the solar system because 2. ITS SURFACE CHANGES MORE due to tectonic activity and other factors, so the ages of its rocks are generally 3. GREATER THAN THE AGE OF MOON ROCKS 4. LESS THAN THE AGE OF THE MOON ROCKS

1. EARTH 2. ITS SURFACE CHANGES MORE 3. GREATER THAN THE AGE OF MOON ROCKS 4. LESS THAN THE AGE OF THE MOON ROCKS

Question 11: The nebular theory describes how scientists think the solar system began. Write one letter in each blank to correctly complete the description of the nebular theory. Some letters may be used more than once or not at all. The solar system began as a nebula, which is a rotating 1. STAR of dust, ice, and gas. The primary components of the gas were hydrogen and helium. Scientists think the composition of the nebula was about the same as the composition of a 2. DISK . Due to its extreme gravity it formed into a swirling 3. QUASAR that became smaller and eventually formed a 4. ClOUd 5. D:Quasar

1. STAR 2. DISK 3. QUASAR 4. CLOUD 5. QUASAR

Question 4: Elise wrote the following list of information about the early history of the solar system and Earth that can be obtained from a study of lunar rocks.

1.estimated age of Earth 2. bulk composition of Earth 3. bulk composition of the solar system 4. formation of planets through accretion of smaller objects I dont know...

Question 12: A researcher used radiometric dating to determine the ages of three samples of the uranium-containing mineral zircon. Uranium-235 has a half-life of 704 million years. Write one letter in each box to correctly complete the researcher's data for Samples 2 and 3.

1:31:217:2,112 2:32:32:704 3:21:63:1,408 B WAS NOT USED BUT B=1,056

Question 10: Scientists have defined a number of pieces of evidence found in the planets of our solar system that help explain how the solar system formed. Which statements from the list are part of this evidence? Circle the letter of all the correct statements.

All terrestrial planets are rocky. And The planets all orbit within a few degrees of a common plane.

Question 20 (part two): Describe the way that the budding and blooming are evidence that the warming of earths surface in spring results in other feedback effects.

As the ground becomes warmer in the spring, it begins to warm the air above this warm air can melt snow, providing water and warmth that can stimulate the growth of flowers in the spring. The budding and blooming are evident that these processes are occurring.

Question 18: Scientists understanding of the solar system have changed over time. Consider how this understanding relates to distance from earths of various planets and stars listed in the table. Describe how scientists ideas about solar system components have changed from the geocentric model of the solar system to the current heliocentric model. Explain how data in the table are evidence to support the heliocentric model instead of the geocentric model.

Describe how scientists ideas about solar system components have changed from the geocentric model of the solar system to the current heliocentric model. Explain how data in the table are evidence to support the heliocentric model instead of the geocentric model. WAS NOT ANSWERED I dont know

Question 15: Asteroids are discovered in Earth's solar system orbiting the sun. Write one X in the box for each in statement to show whether it is true or false. Statement A. An asteroid that has a period of 3 years will orbit at a distance of 3 V9 AU. B. An asteroid that has a period of 5 years will orbit at a distance of V125 AU. C. An asteroid that orbits at a distance of 4 AU will have a period of 3V16 years. D. An asteroid that orbits at a distance of 3 AU will have a period of V27 years.

EXTRA CREDIT FIGURE IT OUT

Question 20: In the northern United States, plants begin to put in bloom each spring. Describe how a change in earths tilt can cause feedback affects that result in the morning others surface in the spring.

In the spring the northern part of earth begins to tilt more towards the sun, resulting in more daylight hours and allowing more direct sunlight to the ground. The ground absorbs more energy and becomes warmer.

Question 6: What happens to the gravitational force between a spacecraft and a planet if the orbital radius is doubled?

It decreases by a factor of 4.

Question 16: The diagram shows evidence of several interactions within the Earth-sun system. Notice the four numbered areas in the diagram. Draw a circle around the area that reflects most of the sunlight that strikes it 1. 2. 3. 4.

No clue probably 3

Question 23: Refer to the graphs in the passage. Write the letter of each affect in the correct position in the table. Some letters may be used more than once or not at all.

Occurs during the periods of high solar irradiance: Heating of land and oceans increase. Energy is carried by oceans and wind to other areas. Amount of water vapor held in the atmosphere increases. Factors other than irradiance may change precipitation and surface temperatures. Occurs during periods of low solar irradiance: Heating of land and oceans decreases. Energy is carried by oceans and wind to other areas. Amount of water vapor held in the atmosphere decreases. Factors other than irradiance may change precipitation and surface temperatures.

Question 2: The modern model of the solar system has been developed using observations from the naked eye, telescopes, space probes and landers, and theoretical calculations. Which feature is currently in the model based only on theoretical calculations?

Oort Cloud

Question 5: In a hypothetical planetary system, planet A is 20 million kilometers from the star and planet B is 60 million kilometers from the star. Which statement is true concerning the arbit of these planets?

Planet A moves faster than planet B because it is closer to the star.

Question 19 (part 2): If the period of newly found planet is 125 years, determine the orbital radius of that planet, in astronomical units (AU). 1 AU= Earths orbital radius.

Question was not answered I don't know

Question 17: A scientist determines the age of a rock sample based on the radioactive decay of an isotope that has a half-live of 1.25 billion years. Explain why radiometric dating is useful for determine the age of a rock sample.

Radioactive decay is spontaneous breakdown of an unstable atomic nucleus often transforming into the nucleus of a different element. Half-life is the amount of time required for half of the original amount of the radioactive isotope to decay. Radiometric decay is useful because it uses radioactive elements that have very long half-lives and decay in a predictable way.

Question 1: Which discovery did scientists make that supports the modern model of the solar system?

Satellite images helped reveal a pattern of planetary composition in which those closer to the sun are denser than those farther from the sun.

Question 8: What evidence demonstrates the interaction between Earth's magnetic field and solar wind?

The aurora borealis

Question 19: Newtons law of gravitation and copers third law are shown. Use newtons law of gravitation to explain how gravitational force changes as the radius between two objects increase.

The gravitational force gets weaker as distance increases.

Question 17 (part 3): Explain how age of the rock can help determine whether the rock is from Earth or from ah outside source such as the moon or an asteroid.

The older rocks are most likely from other sources in the solar system that are not as strongly affected by surface change and can give more reliable age estimates.

Question 9: Read each question. Follow the instructions to answer the questions. Write the letter of each solar system model in the box next to the description that best matches it.

The sun is stationary with circular orbits around it:B:Early heliocentric model. The sun is stationary with slightly elliptical orbits around it:C:Later heliocentric model Earth is stationary with circular orbits around it:A:Early geocentric model

Question 3: Which statement describes an observation scientists have made of extrasolar systems that also provides strong support for the nebular theory of solar system development?

Very young stars are surrounded by disks That comprise gas and dust.

Question 21: Refers to the graph in the passage that compares change in irradiance to precipitation in the US pacific northwest. Describe how the pattern of participation change in the region is related to the pattern of you got it didn't change. Write your answers on the line

Was not answered I don't know

Question 22: Refer to the graph in the passage that compares change in irradiance to change in the global surface temperature. Which statement best describes the change shown in the graph? Circle the letter with the correct answer.

Was not answered I don't know

Question 24: Changes in the tilt of earths axis contribute to the long-term changes in earths climate. The diagram shows low and high extremes in the tilt. Circle the number tilt that causes winters to be colder and summers to be warmer.

Was not answered I don't know

Question 25: Earths eccentricity refers to how elliptical, rather than circular, its orbit around the sun is. How do changes in earths eccentricity affect its long-term climate? Circle the letter of the correct answer..

Was not answered I don't know

Question 17 (part 2): The scientist finds that 1/8 of the original amount of the radioactive isotope is still in the rock sample and concludes that the age of the sample is 4.5 billion years old. Determine whether the claim is true or false, and explain how this is determination can be made.

Well the claim is false

Question 14: The orbital path of a planet in the solar system can be described by an ellipse, with the sun located at one focus, as shown in the model. The eccentricity of the orbit can be represented by the equation e= 4 Number the planets 1 to 3 with 1 as the least circular orbit and 3 as the most circular orbit. Mercury: e=0.206 Venus: e = 0.007 Mars: e=0.093

____1____Mercury: e=0.206 ____3____Venus: e = 0.007 ____2____Mars: e=0.093

Question 7: A communications satellite is orbiting Earth. How can the orbital radius of the satellite be increased?

by applying thrust with the direction of orbit And I think... *by increasing the speed of the satellite