United States & Canada History/Geography
excutive branch
(President, Vice Present & Cabinet) Their job is to execute the laws
Middle Colonies Geography
*Longer growing season *More mild climate *fertile soil for farming
Southern Colonies Geography
*Longest growing season *Hot, humid climate *fertile soil *Many rivers for transportation *dependent on slavery *plantation
New England Colonies Geography
*Poor, rocky soil *Cooler climate *Short growing season
Portugal Exploration
- First to explore - Dias and Da Gama - Established trade empire along Africa that led to India and Asia
Lexington and Concord
1st shots, "shot heard around the world" stopped the British from getting the supplies in Concord.
Conquistador
A Spanish conqueror of the Americas
Cotton Gin
A machine for cleaning the seeds from cotton fibers, invented by Eli Whitney in 1793
Boycott
A refusal to buy or use goods and services.
place
A specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular character.
Triangular Trade
A system in which goods and slaves were traded among the Americas, Britain, and Africa
Townshend Acts
A tax that the British Parliament placed on leads, glass, paint and tea
Middle Passage
A voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies
5 oceans
Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, Southern
The British government decided to make the American colonies pay a large share of the war debt from the French and Indian War. Through the Sugar Act, Stamp Act, and other taxes, the British tried to collect taxes that the American people considered harsh.
Causes of the Revolutionary War
Spanish Exploration
Colonization of the Americas by the conquistadors in search for gold, glory and god
Plymouth Colony
Colony founded by the Separatist Pilgrims who came over on the Mayflower. Located in New England, (Massachusetts)
What are the 13 colonies?
Delaware, North Carolina, South Carolina, New Jersey, New Hampshire, New York, Georgia, Virginia, Massachusetts, Maryland, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Pennsylvania
Longitude
Distance east or west of the prime meridian
Jamestown Colony
First permanent English Colony located in Virginia
Who was the first President of the United States?
George Washington
What are the three g's of exploration?
Gold, God, Glory
Christopher Columbus
He mistakenly discovered the Americas in 1492 while searching for a faster route to India to find new resources. (gold, spices, etc). Sailed for Spain
Judicial Branch
Interprets the laws (supreme court)
Three branches of government
Legislative, Executive, Judicial
Middle Colonies Economy
Livestock, grains, "BreadBasket"
5 themes of geography
Location, Place, Human-Environment Interaction, Movement, Region
Roanoke
Lost colony, of coast of the Carolinas
Southern Colonies
Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
New England Colonies
New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island
Middle Colonies
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware
John Smith and John Rolfe
One of the leaders of Jamestown; Smith led the colony through starvation. Fellow settler John Rolfe played a crucial role when he helped start the colony by growing tobacco and it became the cash crop of Virginia.
John Hancock
Patriot leader and president of the Second Continental Congress; the first person to sign the Declaration of Independence.
Parts of the Declaration of Independence
Preamble, Natural Rights, List of Grievances(Wrongs of the king), Independence
The Pueblo Indians lived in the Southwestern United States. They built extensive irrigation systems to water their crops, like corn. Their houses were multi-storied buildings made of adobe.
Pueblo Indians
Established in 1587. Called the Lost Colony. It was financed by Sir Walter Raleigh. All the settlers disappeared, and historians still don't know what became of them.
Roanoke
New England Economy
Ship building, Whaling, Fishing, Timber, Furs, Small Scale Farming
Capture March to sea Holding cells Ship across the Atlantic Sold in Auctions
Steps of the slave trade
Dutch Exploration
The Dutch had the largest navy at the time and also wanted to vie for power. They founded the Dutch East India Company which was allowed to create their own army, coin money, and make treaties. New Netherlands in Present Day New York
smuggling
The act of illegally importing or exporting goods
Columbian Exchange
The exchange of goods and ideas between Native Americans and Europeans
Jamestown
The first permanent English settlement in North America, found in East Virginia
English Exploration
To find Northwest Passage, discover gold, increase wealth and power. Along the East Coast of North America
What was the purpose of European exploration?
To find an all water route to Asia
The colonists in Jamestown came looking for gold. What was the crop that ended up making them money?
Tobacco
Southern Colonies Economy
Tobacco, rice, cotton, indigo and slaves
French Exploration
When colonization did begin in 1600s, French efforts were directed toward both the northern region of North America (think Canada). Established their own colonies and trading networks to compete with Portuguese and Spanish dominance. 1st settlement in Quebec- Samuel De Champlain
England (British), Colonist and Native Allies
Who won the French and Indian War?
Thomas Jefferson
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
Did women have a small or large role within the Iroquois tribe?
Women had large roles in Iroquois societies. They chose the leaders.
Stamp Act
an act passed by the British parliment in 1756 that raised revenue from the American colonies by a duty in the form of a stamp required on all newspapers and legal or commercial documents
region
an area defined by one or more natural or cultural characteristics that set it apart from other areas
raw materials
any materials that go into the final product
Latitude
distance north or south of the Equator, measured in degrees
Boston Massacre
incident in 1770 in which British troops fired on and killed American colonists
Pacific Ocean
largest ocean
Proclamation of 1763
law forbidding English colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains
Sugar Act
law passed by the British Parliament setting taxes on molasses and sugar imported by the colonies
Iroquois League
political alliance of five Iroquois groups
Boston Tea Party
protest against increased tea prices in which colonists dumped British tea into Boston harbor
Arctic Ocean
smallest ocean
Legislative Branch
the branch of government that makes the laws (senate and House of reps)
Southern Ocean
the ocean that surrounds Antarctica
manfactured goods
things that are made from raw materials. example cotton from the colonies
Circumnavigate
to sail around the world (Magellan)
