Units 4 and 5
What is the recommended percent of daily calorie intake from carbohydrates? Multiple choice question. 25-35% 10-15% 35-45% 45-65%
45-65%
Hypoglycemia occurs when the blood glucose level falls below _____. Multiple choice question. 70 mg/dl 160 mg dl 100 mg/dl 125 mg/dl
70 mg/dl
What are the normal ranges of blood glucose
70-100 mg/dl
Consuming excess carbohydrate in the form of starches and sugars can contribute to _____. Multiple choice question. flatulence hair loss pneumonia weight gain
weight gain
Choose the health problems that are common for someone with diabetes to experience. Multiple select question. Frequent urination Fatigue and confusion Quick wound healing Excessive thirst
Frequent urination Fatigue and confusion Excessive thirst
_____ is a hormone produced by the beta cells of the pancreas that helps lower blood glucose levels. Multiple choice question. Glucagon Adrenaline Insulin Epinephrine
Insulin
Stephen complains to his doctor of frequent urination, excessive thirst, and a 12-pound unintentional weight loss over the past 3 months. The doctor notices Stephen also has a fruity smelling breath. His doctor sends him for tests to see if he has _____. Multiple choice question. hyperthyroidism cancer a kidney infection diabetes
diabetes
The chronic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels is _____. Multiple choice question. diabetes stroke hypertension coronary artery disease
diabetes
When calorie intake from energy sources such as fat, protein, alcohol, or _____ exceeds calorie needs, an increase in body fat can occur. Multiple choice question. minerals phytochemicals vitamins digestible carbohydrates
digestible carbohydrates
In response to hypoglycemia, the body secretes the hormone ______. Multiple choice question. epinephrine pancreatic amylase insulin bile
epinephrine
High-fiber diets may lower risk for which disease? Multiple choice question. Obesity Asthma Pneumonia Lupus
Obesity
Which of the following are thought to contribute to non-alcoholic fatty acid liver disease? Multiple select question. Obesity Moderate fat intake, particularly from olive oil Type 2 diabetes Excess carbohydrate intake, particularly fructose
Obesity Type 2 diabetes Excess carbohydrate intake, particularly fructose
When glycogen storage reaches maximum capacity, the liver will convert excess glucose into _______. Multiple choice question. protein fat minerals vitamins
fat
Diabetes is diagnosed when the body is unable to properly regulate blood levels of _____. Multiple choice question. oxygen iron cholesterol glucose
glucose
Multiple Choice Question Polysaccharides in plants and animals are comprised of long chains of _____ molecules. Multiple choice question. glucose lactose galactose sucrose
glucose
Polysaccharides in plants and animals are comprised of long chains of _____ molecules. Multiple choice question. galactose glucose lactose sucrose
glucose
In a person with lactose intolerance, dietary lactose is _____. Multiple choice question. partially digested and absorbed in the stomach partially digested in the mouth and broken down by bacteria in the stomach incompletely digested and broken down by bacteria in the large intestine fully broken down by enzymes from villi in the small intestine
incompletely digested and broken down by bacteria in the large intestine
Lactose intolerance results from an insufficient production of the enzyme _____. Multiple choice question. lactase sucrase maltase galactase
lactase
The basic chemical unit of carbohydrates is a _____. Multiple choice question. polysaccharide monosaccharide disaccharide fatty acid
monosaccharide
Fructose tastes _____ glucose. Multiple choice question. just as sweet as much less sweet than much sweeter than less sweet than
much sweeter than
Dietary _____ include both digestible and indigestible forms. Multiple choice question. nutritive sweeteners disaccharides monosaccharides polysaccharides
polysaccharides
The _____ is where carbohydrate digestion of both disaccharides and starch occurs. Multiple choice question. pancreas small intestine large intestine mouth
small intestine
What are 4 types of sugar alcohols that are in artificial sweeteners
sorbitol, xylitol, erythritol, mannitol
When added to your food, alternative sweeteners can contribute zero calories or fewer calories per serving than _____. Multiple choice question. sorbitol aspartame xylitol sucrose
sucrose
A person can be diagnosed with the condition of constipation when he or she has a normal bowel movement less frequently than _____. 5 times per week 1 time a day two times a day 3 times per week
3 times per week
What are the five types of taste that we can recognize
Bitter, salty, sour, umani, and sweet
Select the body components that can be permanently damaged by untreated or poorly controlled diabetes. Multiple select question. Blood vessels Teeth Nerves Organs
Blood vessels Nerves Organs
Because it tastes sweeter than other monosaccharides, manufacturers use which monosaccharide in the preparation of sweetened soft drinks and baked goods? Multiple choice question. Fructose Galactose Glucose Sucrose
Fructose
Because it tastes sweeter than other monosaccharides, manufacturers use which monosaccharide in the preparation of sweetened soft drinks and baked goods? Multiple choice question. Sucrose Galactose Fructose Glucose
Fructose
_____ is a hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas that helps raise blood glucose levels. Multiple choice question. Insulin Maltase Glucagon Pancreatic amylase
Glucagon
Although fiber is not an essential nutrient, it is beneficial because diets high in fiber may lower the risk for developing which diseases? Multiple select question. Heart disease Stroke Some intestinal tract disorders Osteoporosis
Heart disease Stroke Some intestinal tract disorders
What is type 1 diabetes
Insulin dependent - the body produces insulin normally. But, the insulin-producing cells are not recognized, and are attacked by, the immune system.
What is type 2 diabetes
Insulin resistant - When the body is allowed to produce its own insulin, but the target cells are not able to recognize the compound
In adults, diabetes is a major cause of heart disease and which other conditions? Multiple select question. Hip fractures Kidney failure Lower limb amputations Blindness
Kidney failure Lower limb amputations Blindness
What are two suggestions that may help those with non-alcoholic fatty acid liver disease stop accumulating fat in the liver and allow the liver to become healthy again? Multiple select question. Lose excess body fat Get adequate sleep Regularly eat three meals per day Follow a healthy diet pattern
Lose excess body fat Follow a healthy diet pattern
_____ is a risk associated with consuming carbohydrate foods that contain simple sugars. Multiple choice question. Gastroesophageal reflux Type 1 diabetes Gout Tooth decay
Tooth decay
How can NAFLD lead to more serious conditions
When the liver intakes more fat cells than its able to, the fat damages liver cells leading to hepatitis. Hepatitis can then lead to cirrhosis or liver cancer
A sore that occurs in the lining of the upper GI tract is called _____. a peptic ulcer a hemorrhoid a polyp an abrasion
a peptic ulcer
Substances added to food that provide fewer calories per serving than sucrose or no calories are called _____. Multiple choice question. natural sugars nutritive sweeteners alternative sweeteners polysaccharides
alternative sweeteners
Tooth decay can occur when _____ in your mouth use the carbohydrates in food for their energy needs. Multiple choice question. viruses fungi bacteria epithelial cells
bacteria
Dietary fiber is different than both starch and glycogen in that the bonds that hold the glucose units together in fiber ______. Multiple choice question. cannot be digested by human intestinal enzymes are easily digested by human intestinal enzymes are digested in the stomach instead of in the small intestine are digested through the act of chewing
cannot be digested by human intestinal enzymes
Gallstones usually consist of ____. calcium deposits collagen cholesterol undigested fiber
cholesterol
What are the five polysaccharides that humans can not digest
Cellulose, gum, pectin, hemicellulose, and mucilages
What is an artificial sweetener that is banned in the United States
Cyclamates
What is the primary difference between dietary fiber and starch? Multiple choice question. Starch cannot be digested by humans but dietary fiber can Starch is found in animals while dietary fiber is found in plants Dietary fiber is found in animals while starch is found in plants Dietary fiber cannot be digested by humans but starch can
Dietary fiber cannot be digested by humans but starch can
What are FODMAPs?
Fermentable Oligosaccharides Disaccharides Monosaccharides And Polyols these carbohydrates are not fully digestible are in commonly in sugary foods
Which two scenarios can occur when excess carbohydrate is consumed, beyond what is needed for cells to meet their energy needs? Multiple select question. Some glucose is converted to protein. Some glucose is converted to glycogen. Some glucose is converted to minerals. Some glucose is converted to fat.
Some glucose is converted to glycogen. Some glucose is converted to fat.
Which of the following are types of carbohydrates? Multiple select question. Starches Sugars Fiber Proteins
Starches Sugars Fiber
What are the assistive organs of the digestive system
Teeth, pancreas, salivary glands, liver, and the gallbladder
What are Acceptable Daily Intakes
The amounts of artificial sweeteners (in this case) that re commonly safe to consume on a regular basis each day