Units 4 and 5

What is the recommended percent of daily calorie intake from carbohydrates? Multiple choice question. 25-35% 10-15% 35-45% 45-65%

45-65%

Hypoglycemia occurs when the blood glucose level falls below _____. Multiple choice question. 70 mg/dl 160 mg dl 100 mg/dl 125 mg/dl

70 mg/dl

What are the normal ranges of blood glucose

70-100 mg/dl

Consuming excess carbohydrate in the form of starches and sugars can contribute to _____. Multiple choice question. flatulence hair loss pneumonia weight gain

weight gain

Choose the health problems that are common for someone with diabetes to experience. Multiple select question. Frequent urination Fatigue and confusion Quick wound healing Excessive thirst

Frequent urination Fatigue and confusion Excessive thirst

_____ is a hormone produced by the beta cells of the pancreas that helps lower blood glucose levels. Multiple choice question. Glucagon Adrenaline Insulin Epinephrine

Insulin

Stephen complains to his doctor of frequent urination, excessive thirst, and a 12-pound unintentional weight loss over the past 3 months. The doctor notices Stephen also has a fruity smelling breath. His doctor sends him for tests to see if he has _____. Multiple choice question. hyperthyroidism cancer a kidney infection diabetes

diabetes

The chronic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels is _____. Multiple choice question. diabetes stroke hypertension coronary artery disease

diabetes

When calorie intake from energy sources such as fat, protein, alcohol, or _____ exceeds calorie needs, an increase in body fat can occur. Multiple choice question. minerals phytochemicals vitamins digestible carbohydrates

digestible carbohydrates

In response to hypoglycemia, the body secretes the hormone ______. Multiple choice question. epinephrine pancreatic amylase insulin bile

epinephrine

High-fiber diets may lower risk for which disease? Multiple choice question. Obesity Asthma Pneumonia Lupus

Obesity

Which of the following are thought to contribute to non-alcoholic fatty acid liver disease? Multiple select question. Obesity Moderate fat intake, particularly from olive oil Type 2 diabetes Excess carbohydrate intake, particularly fructose

Obesity Type 2 diabetes Excess carbohydrate intake, particularly fructose

When glycogen storage reaches maximum capacity, the liver will convert excess glucose into _______. Multiple choice question. protein fat minerals vitamins

fat

Diabetes is diagnosed when the body is unable to properly regulate blood levels of _____. Multiple choice question. oxygen iron cholesterol glucose

glucose

Multiple Choice Question Polysaccharides in plants and animals are comprised of long chains of _____ molecules. Multiple choice question. glucose lactose galactose sucrose

glucose

Polysaccharides in plants and animals are comprised of long chains of _____ molecules. Multiple choice question. galactose glucose lactose sucrose

glucose

In a person with lactose intolerance, dietary lactose is _____. Multiple choice question. partially digested and absorbed in the stomach partially digested in the mouth and broken down by bacteria in the stomach incompletely digested and broken down by bacteria in the large intestine fully broken down by enzymes from villi in the small intestine

incompletely digested and broken down by bacteria in the large intestine

Lactose intolerance results from an insufficient production of the enzyme _____. Multiple choice question. lactase sucrase maltase galactase

lactase

The basic chemical unit of carbohydrates is a _____. Multiple choice question. polysaccharide monosaccharide disaccharide fatty acid

monosaccharide

Fructose tastes _____ glucose. Multiple choice question. just as sweet as much less sweet than much sweeter than less sweet than

much sweeter than

Dietary _____ include both digestible and indigestible forms. Multiple choice question. nutritive sweeteners disaccharides monosaccharides polysaccharides

polysaccharides

The _____ is where carbohydrate digestion of both disaccharides and starch occurs. Multiple choice question. pancreas small intestine large intestine mouth

small intestine

What are 4 types of sugar alcohols that are in artificial sweeteners

sorbitol, xylitol, erythritol, mannitol

When added to your food, alternative sweeteners can contribute zero calories or fewer calories per serving than _____. Multiple choice question. sorbitol aspartame xylitol sucrose

sucrose

A person can be diagnosed with the condition of constipation when he or she has a normal bowel movement less frequently than _____. 5 times per week 1 time a day two times a day 3 times per week

3 times per week

What are the five types of taste that we can recognize

Bitter, salty, sour, umani, and sweet

Select the body components that can be permanently damaged by untreated or poorly controlled diabetes. Multiple select question. Blood vessels Teeth Nerves Organs

Blood vessels Nerves Organs

Because it tastes sweeter than other monosaccharides, manufacturers use which monosaccharide in the preparation of sweetened soft drinks and baked goods? Multiple choice question. Fructose Galactose Glucose Sucrose

Fructose

Because it tastes sweeter than other monosaccharides, manufacturers use which monosaccharide in the preparation of sweetened soft drinks and baked goods? Multiple choice question. Sucrose Galactose Fructose Glucose

Fructose

_____ is a hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas that helps raise blood glucose levels. Multiple choice question. Insulin Maltase Glucagon Pancreatic amylase

Glucagon

Although fiber is not an essential nutrient, it is beneficial because diets high in fiber may lower the risk for developing which diseases? Multiple select question. Heart disease Stroke Some intestinal tract disorders Osteoporosis

Heart disease Stroke Some intestinal tract disorders

What is type 1 diabetes

Insulin dependent - the body produces insulin normally. But, the insulin-producing cells are not recognized, and are attacked by, the immune system.

What is type 2 diabetes

Insulin resistant - When the body is allowed to produce its own insulin, but the target cells are not able to recognize the compound

In adults, diabetes is a major cause of heart disease and which other conditions? Multiple select question. Hip fractures Kidney failure Lower limb amputations Blindness

Kidney failure Lower limb amputations Blindness

What are two suggestions that may help those with non-alcoholic fatty acid liver disease stop accumulating fat in the liver and allow the liver to become healthy again? Multiple select question. Lose excess body fat Get adequate sleep Regularly eat three meals per day Follow a healthy diet pattern

Lose excess body fat Follow a healthy diet pattern

_____ is a risk associated with consuming carbohydrate foods that contain simple sugars. Multiple choice question. Gastroesophageal reflux Type 1 diabetes Gout Tooth decay

Tooth decay

How can NAFLD lead to more serious conditions

When the liver intakes more fat cells than its able to, the fat damages liver cells leading to hepatitis. Hepatitis can then lead to cirrhosis or liver cancer

A sore that occurs in the lining of the upper GI tract is called _____. a peptic ulcer a hemorrhoid a polyp an abrasion

a peptic ulcer

Substances added to food that provide fewer calories per serving than sucrose or no calories are called _____. Multiple choice question. natural sugars nutritive sweeteners alternative sweeteners polysaccharides

alternative sweeteners

Tooth decay can occur when _____ in your mouth use the carbohydrates in food for their energy needs. Multiple choice question. viruses fungi bacteria epithelial cells

bacteria

Dietary fiber is different than both starch and glycogen in that the bonds that hold the glucose units together in fiber ______. Multiple choice question. cannot be digested by human intestinal enzymes are easily digested by human intestinal enzymes are digested in the stomach instead of in the small intestine are digested through the act of chewing

cannot be digested by human intestinal enzymes

Gallstones usually consist of ____. calcium deposits collagen cholesterol undigested fiber

cholesterol

What are the five polysaccharides that humans can not digest

Cellulose, gum, pectin, hemicellulose, and mucilages

What is an artificial sweetener that is banned in the United States

Cyclamates

What is the primary difference between dietary fiber and starch? Multiple choice question. Starch cannot be digested by humans but dietary fiber can Starch is found in animals while dietary fiber is found in plants Dietary fiber is found in animals while starch is found in plants Dietary fiber cannot be digested by humans but starch can

Dietary fiber cannot be digested by humans but starch can

What are FODMAPs?

Fermentable Oligosaccharides Disaccharides Monosaccharides And Polyols these carbohydrates are not fully digestible are in commonly in sugary foods

Which two scenarios can occur when excess carbohydrate is consumed, beyond what is needed for cells to meet their energy needs? Multiple select question. Some glucose is converted to protein. Some glucose is converted to glycogen. Some glucose is converted to minerals. Some glucose is converted to fat.

Some glucose is converted to glycogen. Some glucose is converted to fat.

Which of the following are types of carbohydrates? Multiple select question. Starches Sugars Fiber Proteins

Starches Sugars Fiber

What are the assistive organs of the digestive system

Teeth, pancreas, salivary glands, liver, and the gallbladder

What are Acceptable Daily Intakes

The amounts of artificial sweeteners (in this case) that re commonly safe to consume on a regular basis each day