us history chapter 9 test

In 1932, the press began calling the World War I veterans who were marching to Washington, D.C., to demand early payment of promised bonuses the

"Bonus Army"

According to the graph above, in what year was the gap between the annual high and the annual low in the stock market largest?

1929

The stock market crash that led to the Great Depression occurred in the year ____________________.

1929

As the Depression worsened in 1932, some ____________________ companies went out of business.

30,000

During the 1930s, the striking pictures of photojournalists Dorothea Lange and Margaret _________________________ showed how the Great Depression affected average Americans.

Bourke-White

National press coverage of U.S. Army troops assaulting Bonus Army veterans harmed ______________________________'s reputation and hounded him as he sought re-election in 1932.

Hoover

_________________________ bought stocks without considering a company's earnings and profits, betting that the market would continue to climb so that they could make a quick profit.

Speculators

As stock prices declined in 1929, the Hawley-Smoot Tariff led to

a decline in US exports

One reason that the stock market crash led to the Great Depression was that in 1929, the top 5 percent of all American households earned 30 percent of the nation's income, an example of

an uneven distribution of income

In May 1932, the Senate voted down a bill that would have

authorized early payment of World War I veterans' bonuses

President Hoover believed the government had to make sure that _______ could make loans to corporations, so that they in turn could expand production and rehire workers.

banks

In the early 1930s, to pay for public works projects that would create enough jobs, the government would have to raise taxes or

borrow money

Nicknamed "soap operas" in the 1930s, radio programs such as The Guiding Light

carried over their story lines from day to day

As banks closed in 1929 and 1930, a severe crisis of _________________________ in the banking system further destabilized the economy.

confindence

The National Credit Corporation tried to rescue troubled banks by allowing them to

continue lending money in their communities

During the Great Depression, when a bank collapsed,

depositors lost their savings

During the Great Depression, many farmers who were already under pressure from debt and falling prices were devastated by

drought and the "Dust Bowl"

?????? During the Depression, self-deputized citizens in the Southwest rounded up Mexicans—often without regard to their citizenship status—and forcibly returned them to Mexico.

false ?

The stock market crash of 1929 was the sole cause of the Great Depression.

false, ... was one of the causes of ...

Films such as Mr. Smith Goes to Washington celebrated national heroes and the excitement of the big city.

false, it celebrated the ordinary people and small american towns

President Herbert Hoover's response to the Depression led to his landslide victory in the 1932 presidential election.

false, it lead to his loss in the 1932 presidential election

Walt Disney produced the first feature-length animated film, Animal Crackers, in 1937.

false, snow white and the seven dwarfs

President Hoover wanted state and city governments rather than the ______________________________ to provide relief, or money given directly to impoverished families.

federal government

During the bull market of the 1920s, U.S. banks made loans to speculators rather than loans to _________ ______________, eroding foreign markets for U.S. exports.

foreign companies

Before the late 1920s, stock prices

generally reflected the stocks' true value

American ___________________ was a well-known painting by Grant Wood that pays tribute to Midwesterners.

gothic

During the Depression, people who moved around the country by slipping into open boxcars on freight trains for a ride were called ____________________.

hoboes

What is Steinbeck describing in the excerpt above?

housing given to "Okies" in California

Although the Reconstruction Finance Corporation loaned about $238 million to banks, railroads, and building-and-loan associations by early 1932, it failed to

increase its lending sufficiently

According to the chart above, one cause for the decline in sales of automobiles in the years leading up to the Great Depression was

increased unemployment

At the time of the stock market crash, the government did not ____________________ bank deposits, so customers lost their savings if a bank collapsed.

insure

The bull market of the 1920s lasted only as long as

investors continued putting new money into the market

In the 1920s, the Federal Reserve contributed to weaknesses in the stock market by

keeping interest rates low

What weekly photojournalism magazine was introduced in 1936 by TIME magazine publisher Henry Luce to instant success?

life

What does the excerpt suggest about how the Great Depression affected Americans?

many Americans struggled in truly desperate circumstances

Buying on a 10% __________________, investors could buy stock worth $10,000 with $1,000 of their own money.

margin

During the 1930s, how many Americans went to the movies each week?

more than 60 million

In addition to the stock market crash in 1929, a key cause of the Great Depression was

overproduction

Thousands of World War I veterans came to Washington, D.C., in 1932 to lobby Congress to

pass legislation giving veterans their promised bonuses early

In September 1929, stock market prices _______ and then began an uneven downward slide.

peaked

President Hoover wanted state and city governments rather than the federal government to provide money directly to impoverished families, known as

relief

In addition to the stock market crash of 1929, the economy was shaken by a slowdown in

retail sales

What portion of the U.S. workforce was unemployed by 1933?

roughly 25%

In the excerpt above, Herbert Hoover states that during World War I, the people of the United States had to rely on the government to

solve economic problems

According to the chart, a decline in the sales of automobiles meant that there was less demand for

steel

During the 1930s, dairy farmers in Georgia blocked highways and

stopped milk trucks, dumping the milk into ditches

In his novel The Sound and the Fury, William Faulkner exposed the hidden attitudes of characters in a fictional Mississippi county using a technique called

stream of consciousness

President Hoover worried that if the government raised ____________________, consumers would have less money to spend, hurting business.

taxes

What happened when President Hoover asked the Federal Reserve Board to put more currency into circulation?

the Board refused to increase the money supply

As the bull market of the late 1920s continued to soar, many investors began buying stocks on margin, making only a small cash down payment and borrowing the rest.

true

During the Depression, the jobless stood in breadlines for free food, lined up outside soup kitchens set up by private groups, or went hungry.

true

In the 1920s, buying on margin was a method of buying stocks with mostly borrowed money.

true

President Hoover did more than any prior president to expand the federal government's economic role, but he failed to resolve the economic crisis of the Great Depression.

true

When people could not pay their rent or mortgage but would not leave the dwelling, they were evicted by court officers.

true

While many immigrants chose to leave the United States as a result of the Great Depression, others

were forced out by the government and by citizen groups