US History EOC Review
After what battle was the Emancipation Proclamation issued?
Battle of Antietam
Why did they decide to write completely new document?
Because they needed a completely new form of government AOC was too weak
What was the name given to what happened in Kansas over this issue?
Bleeding Kansas
What violent event resulted from British efforts to place troops in the colonies at colonial expense?
Boston Massacre
What country was the South hoping would eventually assist them in the Civil War?
Britain
Over which state's desire to be free did the Compromise of 1850 address?
California (and New Mexico)
What was the established (main church) in the southern colonies?
Church of England (Anglican Church)
What document is considered the "supreme law of the land"; it's the basis for our current government?
Constitution
How did the Mexican War increase tensions between North and South?
Deciding on the issue of slavery.
What was impact of salutary neglect on the American colonies?
Fueled the American Revolution -helped gain support from those who were on the fence about leaving Great Britain.
Who was the Confederate commander during the war?
General Robert E. Lee
What military leader crushed Santa Ana, giving Texas their independence?
General Sam Houston
Of those, which was the first to really establish permanent, long-lasting colonies?
Great Britain
What country did the US gain the Oregon territory from?
Great Britain
Which country colonized in the New World for religious, economic, and power reasons?
Great Britain
Why did this war cause this change?
Great Britain needed to raise money to pay for war debts and they felt the colonies were responsible
Who negotiated both the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850?
Henry Clay (the great compromise)
What were two major aspects of the American system?
Improved infrastructure and connect markets through canals, roads, rail (transportation)
How did the expansion west of America create tensions between states?
Issues over the protective tariff, slavery, power of federal gov't vs state gov't
Why was Yorktown significant?
It marked the conclusion of the last major battle of the American Revolution
Who was elected President of the Confederate States of America?
Jefferson Davis
What was likely the major motivation for people moving west in the 1800's?
Land and agricultural opportunities (gold rush too)
What were the Alien and Sedition Acts designed to do?
Limit free political speech and immigration (French Rev was taking place - John Adams was anti French - he was pro British)
Who was US President during the Civil War?
Lincoln
What very, very old English document has influenced many of our democratic principles and documents?
Magna Carta 1215 (idea of shared power between King and Parliament and no one is above the law)
What was the term for the belief that America was supposed to gain control of all of North America?
Manifest Destiny
Pennsylvania would be from which geographic region?
Middle
Which American geographic region likely had the most religious diversity?
Middle Colonies
In which American colonial region did religion play a major role?
New England
Massachusetts would be from which of the above colonial geographic regions?
New England
What were the three geographic regions of the American colonies?
New England, Middle, Southern
What did the Wilmot Proviso propose?
No slavery in the states that the Americas gained from the Mexican-American War (this didn't pass b/c Texas came in as a slave state (it did take 9 years to annex Texas over this issue. Some people objected to their statehood b/c it was upset the balance of power in DC)
In what areas was this first form of government weak?
No taxes/raising funds for a military
Approximately how many slaves were freed as a direct result of the Emancipation Proclamation?
None
Economy based on industry
North
Favored a protective tariff
North
Large harbors and fast-flowing rivers.
North
Larger numbers of immigrants
North
Whose President would be considered the most effective during the war, the North's or South's?
North
The Erie Canal linked what two regions of the country.
Northeastern and Midwestern
Where did the delegates meet to discuss the problems with this first form of government?
Philadelphia (Constitutional Convention)
By preventing slavery in the territories, what group were Free-Soil party members hoping to protect?
Poor farmers and some African Americans from being enslaved
In ten words or less, what was the Great Compromise?
Proportional representation for each state (2 senators each state, Congressman based on population)
Name one group that came to the colonies for religious reasons.
Puritans
What is another word for "approval" of the Constitution by the states?
Ratification
Identify, in order, the three steps in the US governments policy toward Native Americans in the 1800's.
Removal, Reservations, Assimilation
What political party was Lincoln from?
Republican
Harriet Beecher's Stowe's book Uncle Tom's Cabin helped the abolition movement in what way?
Revealed the hardships of slavery to Northerners → helped gain empathy and support for abolition
In ten words or less, what was the Great Awakening?
Scaring people into behaving so they don't go to hell.
What did this form of government do well?
Settlement of western lands; Northwest Ordinance (gave clear guidelines for states entering the Union)
What was the Purpose of the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848?
Shared Sentiments of Women which outlined the inequalities of women (e.g., couldn't own property, male dominated society)
Fertile Farm land and vast mineral deposits.
South
Fertile land for cash crops
South
SC would be from which geographic region?
South
Virginia would be from which geographic region?
South
Greater focus on religion
South (it was reversed by the mid 1800's)
Opposed the National Bank
South (wanted state banks that wouldn't marginalize the farmers)
What were the three main European nations that colonized in the New World?
Spain, Great Britain, France
What was a primary reason this country never came in on the side of the South?
They didn't want to lose trade and an alliance with the North -and the issues of SLAVERY
Who would be considered the "leader" of the Democratic-Republicans?
Thomas Jefferson
What was the primary purpose of the Declaration of Independence (besides to declare our independence!!)?
To show France that we were 100% willing to break away from England; US gained an ally
Why was Saratoga significant in the Revolution?
Turning point; gave the colonists hope - France would now aid the Patriots
On whose land was the Mexican War fought?
US Territory
What was the name for a secret network that helped slaves escape from the South?
Underground Railroad
What attracted Americans to move to Texas in large numbers in the 1820's?
Unsettled Land - farmable land a cotton boom of the 1830's
Economy based on farming with some mining as well
West
Felt internal improvements were not helping them as much
West
Fewer large cities and towns
West
Grew as a result of Manifest Destiny
West
What abolitionist published The Liberator?
William Lloyd Garrison
Under the Kansas-Nebraska act, how would the issue of slave or free be determined?
With popular sovereignty
What was the original purpose of this meeting?
Write a new constitution - get rid of the Articles of Confederation
Another word for reform is
change/progress.
Those who opposed the Constitution were called what?
Anti-Federalist, Loyalists
What document laid out the plans for the first form of government for the United States?
Articles of Confederation
What was the main argument the colonists had regarding the taxes being imposed on the colonies?
"No taxation without representation"
Name two specific examples of early representative (democratic) government in the American colonies.
-House of Burgesses (early form of Representative Gov't), -Mayflower Compact → social contract, Colonial Assemblies
What compromise addressed how slaves would be counted for representation?
3/5 Compromise
Under the Missouri Compromise, what was established as a border between slave and free?
36*30* The upper half of states would be free and the lower half slave states
Abolitionists wanted what?
Abolition of slavery
Who developed the first economic plan for the new nation?
Alexander Hamilton
Who would be considered the "leader" of the Federalists?
Alexander Hamilton
What was the North's strategy to win the Civil War?
Anaconda Plan (cutting off supply lines to the South) sieging the Confederacy and Mississippi River
What event led South Carolina and other Southern states to secede from the Union?
Election of Lincoln in 1860
How did the Second Great Great Awakening contribute to reforms?
Encouraged moral reform and the temperance movement
What was the purpose of the Bill of Rights?
Established individual liberties and state rights
What did the Mexican government hope that these new citizens would do?
Farm the land
Why was the Whiskey Rebellion significant in American history?
Fed gov't was strong enough to quell a rebellion (fixed from Shay's Rebellion which revealed weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation)
What anonymously written series of essays argued in favor of the Constitution?
Federalist Papers
Those who were in favor of the Constitution were called what?
Federalists
Why are Lexington and Concord significant in the American Revolution?
First battles of the Revolutionary War
Which country established colonies and traded mainly in furs?
France
What war marked a major change in the relationship between England and the American colonies?
French and Indian War
What is significant about John Marshall?
Strengthened the power of the Federal Gov't over a 30 year period
What was the primary way in which the Federalists and Democratic Republicans differed in their beliefs?
Strong or loose interpretation of constitution (the elastic clause or the "NECESSARY AND PROPER CLAUSE"
What was the first example to impose direct taxes on the American colonies?
Sugar Act
What is meant by the term judicial review?
Supreme Court has the power to review acts passed by Congress and President to check the constitutionality of them. It was a check and balance.
What was the South's strategy to win the war?
Surprise attacks and military strategy (no real formative plan) hard to do when the South was centered on states rights
What is a tariff?
Tax placed on imports and exports
What issue kept Texas from being annexed right away by America?
The Spanish had control over it.