Valence Electrons

group

Columns in the periodic table where elements have similar properties.

valence electrons

Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom. They also determine its chemical properties.

metalloid

Elements that have some of the properties of metals and some of the properties of nonmetals.

Metals

The reactivity of these elements depends on how easily it loses its valence electrons.

Highest energy level

Where valence electrons are located in the electron cloud.

4

number of valence electrons in group 14

6

number of valence electrons in group 16

period

Horizontal row of elements in the periodic table.

Group 18

Nobel gases that have 8 valence electrons.

3

Number of valence electrons found in gallium

2

Number of valence electrons found in magnesium

8

Number of valence electrons needed for an atom to be stable and nonreactive.

Chemical bond

The force of attraction that holds atoms together as a result of the arrangement of electrons between them.

Electron dot diagram

The symbol for the element surrounded by dots. Each dot stands for one valence electron.

1

number of valence electrons in group 1