Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE)

treatment

-antibiotic -tests are needed to see which ones they are resistent -Daptomyci is antibiotic of choice

diagnosis

-blood test -use blood agar or mannitol salt agar

Etiology

-gram positive and round shaped -2 main species that cause problems --Enterococcus faecium --Enterococcus faecalis

prevention

-practice proper hygiene -keep the area of the infected person clean -wear gloves -take an antibiotic after surgeries

intra-abdominal and pelvic infection

-rare -cause fever and abdominal discomfort

transmission

-the reservoir is human -only passed through direct contact with feces, blood, and objects -healthcare workers are strong sources of transmitting VRE -VRE infection usually happens in conjunction with other underlying illnesses such as cancer, immune deficiencies, blood disorders, and kidney problem

neontal sepsis

body temp changes, breathing problems, diarrhea, low blood sugar

UTI

burning urination

pathogenesis-entry

enter the skin by means of comprised needles inserted to deliver medications and catheters

surgical wound infections

fever, pus, redness

endocarditis

flulike syptoms

pathogenesis-exit

no exit

pathogenesis-damage

once the transmission has occurred, the bacteria colonize in the GI tract and infect -the Esp protein play a major role in colonization

sepsis

rapid breathing, fever, shaking, low body temperature

pathogensis-attachment

the bacteria enter directly into the bloodstream causing infection, also known as septicema

pathogenesis-avoid or overcome host defenses

the patient is usually immunocompromised

clinical features

urinary tract infection, intra-abdominal and pelvic infection, surgical wound infections, sepsis, endocarditis, neonatal sepsis, death