VET 121 Veterinary Medical Terminology

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The proper pronunciation of the prefix meta is

MEHT-ah

The suffix ____ means to surgically remove.

-ectomy

Hypochromia means

a condition in which RBCs have an decreased hemoglobin content, causing decreased pigmentation

The medical term for removal of a part is

ablation

Azoospermia means

absence of sperm production

Rupture of the cruciate ligament is a common injury to the stifle joint of dogs. The cranial cruciate ligament is more commonly ruptured than the caudal ligament. Rupture of either cruciate ligament may be accompanied by rupture of the medial collateral ligament and damage to the medial meniscus. Acute lameness is the most common sign of a cruciate ligament rupture, which will decrease in severity over time. Chronic lameness and osteoarthritis may result if the stifle joint is not stabilized via surgery. The primary sign of a cruciate ligament rupture is

acute lameness

The prefix ____ means toward the midline.

ad-

Disease of the adrenal glands is termed

adrenopathy

Which of the following urinary system hormones regulates electrolyte balance via reabsorption of sodium?

aldosterone

Another name for the gastrointestinal system is the

alimentary tract

The lateral gait that differs from the pace by being slower and more broken in cadence is the

amble

Vasopressin is also known as

antidiuretic hormone

A chemical agent that kills or prevents the growth of microorganisms on living tissue is an

antiseptic

Encephalomyelopathy is

any disease of the brain and spinal cord

The sheet of fibrous connective tissue that gives attachment to muscular fibers and is a means of origin or insertion for flat muscle is called

aponeurosis

Which of the following types of neuron carries impulses from one neuron to another?

associative

The medical term for stumbling or without coordination is

ataxia

A collection or mass of blood on the outer ear is termed

aural hematoma

Listening to body sounds is called

auscultation

The term for the thickness of fat along the dorsum of the pig is

backfat

Which of the following is a substance dangerous to life?

biohazard

Another term for dull is

blunt

Physiology is the study of

body function

Osteomyelitis means inflammation of the

bone including the bone marrow

Which of the following is paramyxovirus infection of bovine associated with fatal pneumonia?

bovine respiratory syncytial

The moveable joint of any ringed instrument is the

boxlock

The opposite of tachypnea is

bradypnea

Which of the following describes the horse marking known as a blaze?

broad, white stripe on the face

The medical term for a large vesicle is a

bulla

In cattle, the third and fourth metacarpal form which of the following?

cannon bone

Which of the following is the smallest blood vessel?

capillary

A horse with thickening of the skin or a large callus at the point of the hock is said to have which of the following?

capped hock

What is the function of the ureter?

carry urine to the urinary bladder

A stiff dressing used for immobilization of various body parts is a

cast

Excessive mucus secretion by mucous membranes is termed

catarrh

Inflammation of connective tissue is called

cellulitis

The spinal cord is part of the ____ nervous system.

central

The atlas, which supports the skull, is the first ____ vertebrae.

cervical

The neck of the uterus is called the

cervix

Which of the following resemble small rabbits but with shorter ears and bushy tails?

chinchillas

Coagulation is another word for

clotting

Dove-like birds that have short beaks and two forward-facing toes and two rear-facing toes are considered which of the following?

columbiformes

What type of fracture results when the bone is splintered?

comminuted

A neurologic deficit in which the animal appears to not know where its limbs are is referred to as

conscious proprioceptive deficit

A common term meaning to catch a disease is

contract

The outer layer of the kidney is known as the

cortex

The root of the mane in horses is called the

crest

The top part of the equine rump is called the

croup

The formation of a new opening into the urinary bladder is known as

cystostomy

The process of pithing involves which of the following?

destruction of the brain and spinal cord

The rudimentary first digit of dogs and cats is called the

dewclaw

The term for the shaft of a long bone is

diaphysis

Removal of intervertebral disc material by perforating and scraping out of its contents is called

disc fenestration

Pathology is the study of

diseases

Where in the nephron does secretion occur?

distal convoluted tubule

The medical term for a double row of eyelashes is

distichia

The solid part of a sheep's tail is called the

dock

The method of riding in which a rider guides a trained horse through natural maneuvers is known as

dressage

In general, normal hamster skin is all of the following EXCEPT

dry

Mouth lacerations or cuts would most likely cause

dysphagia

A dog or cat that is docile is which of the following?

easygoing

The procedure of ultrasounding the heart is called

echocardiography

Fluid escaping from blood or lymphatic vessels into tissues or spaces is termed

effusion

Which of the following procedures is used to record a muscle's response to electrical stimulation?

electromyography

An instrument used to reflect tissue from bone is an

elevator

Which of the following layers of the heart wall lines the heart chambers and valves?

endocardium

The opposite of eversion of the eyelid is

entropion

Removal of the eyeball is termed

enucleation

Excessive tear production is termed

epiphora

The long tube that carries food to the stomach is called the

esophagus

The process of cholecystectomy involves which of the following?

excision of the gallbladder

Breathing out is called

exhalation

To eviscerate is to

expose or remove internal organs

Another term for perforation is

fenestration

The plural of fistula is

fistulae

Easily crumbled is also known as

friable

Which of the following is not a surgical procedure of the digestive system?

gastroenteritis

The genetic makeup of an individual for a particular trait is known as

genotype

Which of the following parts of the nephron is a cluster of capillaries that filter blood?

glomerulus

The combining form for pregnant is

gravid/o

In goat terminology, which of the following describes the clip?

hair harvested from one animal in one shearing

Nephrosclerosis is ____ of the kidney.

hardening

Of the following canine viruses, which is associated with listlessness, nasal discharge, rash, and neurologic signs?

herpesvirus

The chemical secretions of endocrine glands are called

hormones

Deficient gland secretion is called

hypocrinism

A disorder caused by treatment is said to be

iatrogenic

During a seizure, the stage where an animal may convulse, lose control of excretory functions, shake, or appear confused is called the

ictus

All of the following are examples of rodents EXCEPT

iguanas

Porcine proliferative enteropathy causes which of the following?

ileitis

The term for the phrase to tighten with sutures is

imbricate

Antibodies are

immunoglobulins

Cystectomy is a procedure that involves which of the following?

incision of the urinary bladder

Hypertension means

increased blood pressure

Which layer of tissue is the endometrium?

inner

The prefix ____ means between, while the prefix ____means within.

inter-; intra-

The term for between the toes is

interdigital

The space within a tissue or organ is known as

interstitial

The term polyuria

is the opposite of anuria

Incision into the cornea is called

keratotomy

The carpus in ungulates is called the

knee

What is the name for the soft, white substance that results when pig fat is rendered?

lard

The cecum is part of the

large intestine

Surgical removal of the voice box is

laryngectomy

A device that transfers light into an intense beam for various purposes is a

laser

The act of tying is known as

ligation

Which of the following terms pertain to the tongue?

lingual and glossal

A benign growth of fat cells is a

lipoma

Focus is a

localized region

Acid is to alkaline as ____ is to ____

low pH; high pH

The vertebrae that support the lower back or loin are

lumbar

The combining form for yellow is

lute/o

An abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels forming a mass (usually benign) is a

lymphangioma

A malignant black tumor of skin is a

melanoma

Which of the following words does NOT refer to a large cell?

microcyte

The study of form is called

morphology

The term myotomy means incision into

muscles

In horses, which part of the head contains the two nostrils and the muscles of the upper and lower lip?

muzzle

A synonym for chorea is

myoclonus

The caudodorsal portion of a bird's neck is known as the

nape

Relative to a distal tubule, a proximal tubule is

nearer the glomerulus

Dead tissue is said to be

necrotic

What is another name for a kidney stone?

nephrolith

A disorder caused by pathogenic organisms contracted in a facility or clinic is known as

nosocomial

In the word gastroenteritis, what is the combining vowel?

o

The term for blockage of a vessel is

occlusion

Asystole means

Absence of heart beat

How many viable offspring has a primipara produced?

one

Which of the following are the combining forms for mouth?

or/o and stomat/o

Male llamas or alpacas use which of the following to call others of their species?

orgle

A combining form for bone is

oste/o

Rupture of the cruciate ligament is a common injury to the stifle joint of dogs. The cranial cruciate ligament is more commonly ruptured than the caudal ligament. Rupture of either cruciate ligament may be accompanied by rupture of the medial collateral ligament and damage to the medial meniscus. Acute lameness is the most common sign of a cruciate ligament rupture, which will decrease in severity over time. Chronic lameness and osteoarthritis may result if the stifle joint is not stabilized via surgery. A result of an unrepaired cruciate ligament rupture is

osteoarthritis

The medical term that means the opposite of osteosclerosis is

osteomalacia

Surgical repair of bone is known as

osteoplasty

Inflammation of the outer ear is called

otitis externa

An instrument used to examine the ear is an

otoscope

The term ectopic means

outside the usual place

An egg-bearing animal is said to be

oviparous

Examination by feeling is

palpation

The formal name for feline distemper is feline

panleukopenia

The membrane that lines the walls of the abdominal and pelvic cavities is called the

parietal peritoneum

The hypocalcemic disorder known as ____ or milk fever appears in late pregnancy or early lactation.

parturient paresis

Finches, sparrows, mynahs, and canaries are all members of which group?

passeriforme

The bacteria that causes respiratory disease and sometimes leads to pericarditis and pleuritis is

pasteurella

Which of the following is NOT a pelvic bone?

patella

Something that remains open is said to be

patent

The medical term for producing disease is

pathogenic

Blood flow through a tissue is

perfusion

Cells that "eat" foreign material are called

phagocytes

The common term for a prolapsed rectum in swine is

piles

What is the name of the liquid part of blood that has been treated with an anticoagulant to keep clotting proteins in it?

plasma

A radiographic film of the urinary bladder after air has been placed in the bladder via a urinary catheter is called a

pneumocystogram

In equines, the top of the head is called the

poll

An animal with more than the normal number of digits has the condition known as

polydactyly

The state of increased thirst/drinking, abbreviated as PD, is called

polydipsia

Which of the following is a small breed of equine, usually about 14 hands?

pony

Something that is adapted for grasping and seizing is considered which of the following?

prehensile

An anticoagulant is a substance that

prevents blood from clotting

Phonation is the act of

producing sound

Lactogenic hormone is also known as

prolactin

Muscles that rotate the palmar or plantar surface downward are classified as

pronator

Prolapse or drooping is called

ptosis

The abbreviation PLR represents

pupillary light reflex

The medical term for producing or containing pus is

purulent

The term ovulation means

release of an egg by the ovary

What kind of skin is tanned into leather and typically used to make boots?

rhea

Intercostal muscles are located between the

ribs

Which of the following describes an orange-brown animal with dark brown or black ticking?

ruddy

Underdeveloped horns that are not attached to the skull are known as

scurs

The significance of the master gland is that it

secretes hormones to which other glands respond

Which of the following terms describes an animal with one color of fur?

self

Enteritis is inflammation of which of the following?

small intestine

The jejunum is part of which of the following?

small intestine

Which of the following types of muscle fiber is spindle-shaped without stripes or striations?

smooth

The upper lip and apex of the nose of swine is the

snout

The flow of urine out of the urinary bladder to the urethra is controlled by which of the following?

sphincters

Of the different types of reptile, which includes iguanas and lizards?

squamata

Another name for narrowed nostrils is

stenotic nares

The plural of stimulus is

stimuli

The prefix ____ means under.

sub-

A ruminant with more than the normal number of teats is said to have what?

supernumerary teats

An animal that lacks resistance to a disease is said to be

susceptible

Overfunctioning sudoriferous glands produce excessive amounts of which of the following?

sweat

Which of the following words is paired with its correct definition?

tactile - touch

In livestock, the nipple of the mammary gland is called the

teat

Another term for the end is

terminal

Sperm are produced in the

testes

All of the following are part of the skeletal system EXCEPT

All of the above are components of the skeletal system: cartilage, joints, and bones

What do atrial septal defects and ventricular septal defects have in common?

Both involve abnormal wall openings that separate the heart's right and left sides.

Rupture of the cruciate ligament is a common injury to the stifle joint of dogs. The cranial cruciate ligament is more commonly ruptured than the caudal ligament. Rupture of either cruciate ligament may be accompanied by rupture of the medial collateral ligament and damage to the medial meniscus. Acute lameness is the most common sign of a cruciate ligament rupture, which will decrease in severity over time. Chronic lameness and osteoarthritis may result if the stifle joint is not stabilized via surgery. The paragraph points out that

the medial meniscus may also be injured with cruciate ruptures

The ribs articulate with the ____ vertebrae.

thoracic

Puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid or air from the pleural cavity is called

thoracocentesis

How many flaps of tissue does a tricuspid valve have?

three

Which of the following glands regulates metabolism and iodine uptake?

thyroid

Enlargement of the thyroid gland is termed

thyromegaly

The term urinary calculus means

urinary bladder stones

The ____ or preen gland in birds, which is lateral to the tail feather attachment, secretes oil that is used to waterproof feathers.

uropygial

The portion of the female reproductive tract in birds that directs the egg to the cloaca is the

vagina

Withdrawing blood from a vein is called

venipuncture

Spondylitis is inflammation of which of the following?

vertebrae

Of the following types of camelid, which are the smallest with the highest-quality wool?

vicunas

An animal with healthy growth or high energy is said to have

vigor

The strength of an organism to cause disease is termed

virulence

An animal that bears live young is said to be

viviparous

A natural or an artificial wading area that is used to cool swine is known as what?

wallow

In goats, the appendage that suspends from the head, under the chin, is called the

wattle


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