VIAR 120 Final Exam

1. Because Muslims allowed the peoples of conquered lands to keep their religions and cultures, Islamic culture __________. a. rejected scientific achievements b. adapted earlier artistic traditions c. embraced Classical knowledge d. developed representations of the human form

adapted earlier artistic traditions

14. In the history of Islamic art, important decorative motifs and compositions were influenced by __________. a. carpet design b. painted illustrations c. calligraphy d. ceramic tiles

carpet design

2. The male figure from the Nok culture was created by using the technique of __________. a. modeling b. carving c. bronze casting d. painting

carving

30. In Romanesque churches, where are the largest and most elaborate sculptures found? a. in the apse b. on metopes c. in chapels d. over central doorways

over central doorways

34. The Rococo style often evokes __________. a. Classical forms b. rational emotions c. sensuality d. religious messages

sensuality

9. Which of the following is an example of Paleolithic art? a. Stonehenge b. the wall painting from the tomb of Nebamun c. the Warka vase d. the Hohle Fels Figure

the Hohle Fels Figure

32. The Zen Buddhist priest Sesshu painted in a style called haboku, which means __________. a. "flung ink" b. "poetry" c. "raindrops" d. "abstract forms"

"flunk ink"

18. Which of the following cultures believe in Dreamtime, the period during which creative beings established a close relationship with nature? a. Benin b. Aztec c. Aboriginal d. Navajo

Aboriginal

9. Kuba cut-pile embroidery is an example of art from __________. a. Africa b. Mesoamerica c. Oceania d. North America

Africa

13. The combination of Buddhist and religious iconography often found in later Southeast Asian architecture is visible at __________. a. the Great Stupa at Sanchi b. the Shrine at Ise c. Angkor Wat d. the Kandarya Mahadeva Temple

Angkor Wat

9. How is the Hellenistic period different from the Classical period? a. Art, especially sculpture, became more expressive and less idealized. b. Luxury items were produced exclusively for Greek patrons. c. The artistic style shifted towards rationalism, clarity, and emotional restraint. d. Art and architecture was practical and often intended for public works projects.

Art, especially sculpture became more expressive and less idealized

7. The Parthenon was dedicated to __________. a. the Pantocrator b. Athena Parthenos c. the Emperor Constantine d. all the Roman gods

Athena Parthenos

32. Which of the following cultures believed that ritual human sacrifice was necessary to ensure the continuation of the world? a. Maya b. Aztec c. Maori d. Yoruba

Aztec

27. Which of the following periods features the dramatic use of light and shade, expressive emotions, and dramatic compositions? a. Baroque b. Mannerism c. Rococo d. High Renaissance

Baroque

29. Rembrandt van Rijn's Return of the Prodigal Son is an example of the theatrical qualities of __________. a. Baroque art b. Mannerism c. the Rococo style d. High Renaissance art

Baroque art

1. Following the Eightfold Path to attain enlightenment, or Nirvana, is a central tenet of __________. a. Buddhism b. Daoism c. Hinduism d. Shinto

Buddhism

11. Early Southeast Asian art and architecture was primarily __________. a. Hindu b. Buddhist c. Confucian d. Daoist

Buddhist

24. Andrei Rublev's Icon of the Old Testament Trinity is an example of __________. a. Early Christian art b. Roman art c. Byzantine art d. Early Medieval art

Byzantine art

31. In the painting Judith and the Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes, Artemisia Gentileschi demonstrates the close artistic influence of __________. a. Raphael b. Jean-Honoré Fragonard c. Caravaggio d. Peter Paul Rubens

Caravaggio

28. Which of the following most clearly demonstrates the combination of decorative nomadic styles with Christian imagery? a. Chi-Rho Monogram (XP) page from the Book of Kells b. The Battle of the Lapiths and Centaurs c. the purse cover from the Sutton Hoo ship burial d. the Euphronios Krater

Chi-Rho Monogram (XP) page from the Book of Kells

15. Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism influenced the art and culture of __________. a. India b. Southeast Asia c. China d. Japan

China

21. Persian painting methods were influenced by the art of __________. a. India b. Spain c. China d. Egypt

China

24. Bada Shanren's Cicada on a Banana Leaf exemplifies the style of __________. a. Japanese ukiyo-e prints b. Chinese literati painting c. Korean book illustration d. Southeast Asian Hindu painting

Chinese literati painting

4. Which of the following styles emphasizes rational simplicity, order, and idealized human forms? a. Hellenistic b. Byzantine c. Roman d. Classical

Classical

19. Which of the following depicts the concept of Dreamtime? a. Dawarangulili's The Myth of the Wawilak Sisters b. the robe with Mato Tope's exploits c. the feathered serpent Quetzalcoatl d. the Mangaaka power figure

Dawarangulili's The Myth of the Wawilak Sisters

3. Which of the following demonstrates the stylistic characteristics of the Archaic period? a. the purse cover from the Sutton Hoo ship burial b. Euphronios Krater c. Head of Constantine d. Polykleitos of Argos' Spear Bearer (Doryphoros)

Euphronios Krater

1. Which of the following cultures strove to create the ideal individual in both art and culture? a. Roman b. Byzantine c. Greek d. Gothic

Greek

10. Art that combines Christian theology and science with calm, balanced, and idealized forms characterizes the __________. a. Baroque period b. Rococo style c. High Renaissance period d. Mannerist style

High Renaissance period

10. The art and architecture of the Kandarya Mahadeva Temple is __________. a. Buddhist b. Shinto c. Hindu d. Daoist

Hindu

28. The ancient architecture of Chinese and Japanese Buddhist monasteries is exemplified by the design of __________. a. Horyuji Temple b. the Great Stupa at Sanchi c. Angkor Wat d. Borobudur

Horyuji Temple

34. Which of the following cultures is known for their masonry of carefully shaped and fitted stones? a. Inca b. Tlingit c. Maori d. Aztec

Inca

35. The flat patterns of the kero cup are characteristic of __________. a. African art b. Oceanic art c. Native North American d. Inca art

Inca art

14. The Neolithic period developed in __________. a. Mesopotamia b. France c. Egypt d. Iraq

Iraq

19. Mesopotamia was located in __________. a. Egypt b. Iraq c. France d. England

Iraq

15. How is the Pantheon different from Greek temples, like the Parthenon? a. It was designed for indoor religious ceremonies. b. The exterior is not built according to the architectural orders. c. Wall paintings from Pompeii decorate the circular walls. d. The focal point of the building is the semi-circular apse.

It was designed for indoor religious ceremonies

32. Which of the following differs from typical examples of Baroque art because the artist uses luminous light to define form? a. Jan van Eyck's The Arnolfini Portrait b. Peter Paul Ruben's The Raising of the Cross c. Jan Vermeer's The Kitchen Maid d. Artemisia Gentileschi's Judith and the Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes

Jan Vermeer's The Kitchen Maid

23. Which of the following is characterized by the rejection of the balanced Classical forms in High Renaissance art? a. the Counter-Reformation b. Baroque art c. the Rococo style d. Mannerism

Mannerism

5. Which of the following is considered the first painting to systematically use linear perspective? a. Paolo Veronese's Feast in the House of Levi b. Masaccio's The Holy Trinity c. Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa d. Peter Paul Rubens' The Raising of the Cross

Masaccio's The Holy Trinity

30. The relief sculpture of Lintel 24 from Yaxchilan demonstrates the rich decoration of __________. a. Aztec homes b. Maori tombs c. Maya temples d. Benin cities

Maya temples

20. Which of the following civilizations first developed writing? a. ancient Egypt b. Mesopotamia c. Neolithic d. Paleolithic

Mesopotamia

11. The Neolithic period is also known as the __________. a. New Stone Age b. Bronze Age c. Old Stone Age d. Nomadic Age

New Stone Age

33. Which of the following is a Gothic structure? a. Notre-Dame de Chartres b. Old St. Peter's basilica c. San Vitale d. Saint Madeleine Cathedral

Notre-Dame de Chartres

12. The protective prow figure from a war canoe is an example of art from __________. a. Mesoamerica b. Africa c. Oceania d. North America

Oceania

10. Which of the following cultures believes that ancestors are intermediaries between people and the gods and can influence future events? a. Oceanic b. African c. Native American d. Mesoamerican

Oceanic

3. Stone tools and cave paintings are characteristic of __________. a. Neolithic art b. Paleolithic art c. Mesopotamian art d. Ancient Egyptian art

Paleolithic art

22. The robe showing Mato Tope's exploits is an example of a painting on buffalo hide, which is a traditional artform for the __________. a. Plains Indians b. Aboriginals c. Pueblo peoples d. Yoruba culture

Plain Indians

23. The forces of nature or community life are represented in the abstract symbols of __________. a. Navajo chief blankets b. Aztec relief sculpture c. Pueblo pottery d. Polynesian moai

Pueblo pottery

23. Which of the following artworks demonstrates the Confucian principle of respecting the past? a. the Terra Cotta Warriors b. Qiu Ying's Fisherman's Flute Heard Over the Lake c. Tawaraya Sotatsu's Waves at Matsushima d. The Approach of Krishna

Qiu Ying's Fisherman's Flute Heard Over the Lake

9. Which of the following artists contributed to the development of the High Renaissance art? a. Peter Paul Rubens b. Raphael c. Sandro Botticelli d. Caravaggio

Raphael

14. Which of the following exemplifies the clarity and balance of High Renaissance art? a. Albrecht Dürer's Self-Portrait with Fur Coat b. Caravaggio's The Conversion of Saint Paul c. Jan Vermeer's The Kitchen Maid d. Raphael's The School of Athens

Raphael's The School of Athens

8. Sandro Botticelli's Birth of Venus is an example of __________. a. Renaissance art b. Mannerism c. Baroque art d. the Rococo style

Renaissaance art

1. Which of the following periods is characterized by a renewed interest in the arts and ideas of Classical Greece? a. Renaissance b. Rococo c. Baroque d. Mannerist

Renaissance

24. Andrea Palladio's Villa Rotunda is based on the Classical design of the __________. a. Sistine Chapel b. Roman Pantheon c. palace of Versailles d. Campidoglio

Roman Pantheon

26. An important deity in Mesopotamian culture was __________. a. Hathor b. the Great Mother Goddess c. Inanna d. Senenmut

Senenmut

26. The indigenous religion of Japan that worships nature and ancestors is called __________. a. Shinto b. Daoism c. Confucianism d. Zen Buddhism

Shinto

8. In Hindu art and architecture, the most venerated god is __________. a. Shiva b. Vishnu c. Brahma d. Krishna

Shiva

12. The Court of Lions exemplifies the style of Islamic architecture in __________. a. Egypt b. Persia c. India d. Spain

Spain

8. After the eighth century, some of the largest libraries and centers of learning were in the Muslim cities of __________. a. India b. Persia c. Egypt d. Spain

Spain

15. Which of the following structures features a ring of posts and lintels? a. the Ziggurat of Ur-Nammu b. the Funerary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut c. Stonehenge d. the Great Pyramids

Stonehenge

13. What distinguishes the Bust of Emperor Vespasian from the Venus de' Medici? a. The bust is an individualized portrait. b. The facial features are idealized. c. The eyes are stylized and enlarged. d. The figure's pose is rigid and emotionless.

The bust is an individualized portrait

31. The civilization that developed between the decline of the Maya and the rise of the Aztecs was the __________. a. Inca b. Olmec c. Nazca d. Toltec

Toltec

27. Shah Jahan constructed the Taj Mahal as __________. a. a memorial to his wife b. a madrasa c. a throne room d. a royal courtyard

a memorial to his wife

5. The niche that points toward Mecca is known as __________. a. a minaret b. a mosque c. a mihrab d. an iwan

a mihrab

4. At the Great Mosque in Kairouan, Tunisia, chanters call the faithful to prayer by ascending __________. a. an iwan b. a madrasa c. a minaret d. a mihrab

a minaret

24. The art of the Mughal Empire developed differently from other cultures with Arab roots because __________. a. a minority of its people were Muslim b. Shah Jahan adopted modern European traditions c. India was conquered by Roman Jesuits d. its rulers were intolerant to other religions

a minority of its people were Muslim

3. Which of the following has a basic plan based on the design of the Prophet's house? a. a madrasa b. a mosque c. a mihrab d. a minaret

a mosque

22. A building that accommodates a Muslim theological school is called __________. a. a madrasa b. an iwan c. a mosque d. a mihrab

a nadrasa

17. A columned porch attached to a building is known as __________. a. an apse b. a portico c. a nave d. a colonnade

a portico

14. Which of the following architectural elements is visible on the exterior of the Colosseum? a. an apse b. a round-arch colonnade c. coffers d. a portico

a round-arch colonnade

27. An object such as an animal or plant that serves as an emblem of a family or clan is called __________. a. a totem b. a moai c. an aumakua d. a kachina

a totem

12. The burial urn from Kansu Province, China, demonstrates the style of Neolithic art because of its __________. a. hierarchic scale b. naturalistic forms c. abstract decorations d. use of carved stone

abstract decorations

10. In the Neolithic period, the production of clay storage pots was the direct result of the __________. a. needs of hunting and gathering b. agricultural revolution c. development of burial practices d. increase in ritual offerings at temples

agricultural revolution

35. In The Mosque, Ibrahim el-Salahi combines traditional calligraphy and modern painting techniques by including __________. a. intertwining floral motifs b. an abstracted human form c. a naturalistic image of a mosque d. symbols of the five tenets of Islam

an abstracted human form

15. The Hawaiian human figure (ki'i 'aumakua) depicts __________. a. a court official b. a chief c. an ancestral deity d. a human sacrifice

an ancestral deity

23. In Old St. Peter's Basilica, Christians placed the altar in a semi-circular space called __________. a. an apse b. a nave c. a portico d. a reliquary

an apse

16. In Islamic art, a large covered porch that marks an important building or entrance is known as __________. a. a grille b. a mihrab c. a madrasa d. an iwan

an iwan

35. Kitagawa Utamaro's Reflected Beauty... is an example of __________. a. an ukiyo-e print b. a literati painting c. a book illustration d. a panel from a folding screen

an ukyo-e print

16. In the Waitangi meeting house, the front gable boards feature abstract figures that represent the __________. a. human sacrifices of the Aztecs b. ancestors of Maori clan groups c. kachinas of the Pueblo peoples d. totems of a Northwest coast family

ancestors of Maori clan groups

22. Early Christian churches were based on Roman assembly halls called __________. a. basilicas b. colosseums c. naves d. catacombs

basilicas

33. In the Aztec sculpture of the feathered serpent Quetzalcoatl, the combination of the serpent's body and the feathered skin symbolizes the __________. a. mana possessed by animals and nature b. belief that the god unites Earth and sky c. spiritual life forces of honored ancestors d. bond between humans and nature in Dreamtime

belief that the god unites the Earth and Sky

25. Because it was the only color that could survive the higher temperature, early examples of Chinese porcelain are decorated in __________. a. red b. black c. blue d. white

blue

25. The Hemis kachina can be associated with prayers for a bountiful harvest because the __________. a. feathers signify the mana possessed by birds b. red paint refers to the ritual need for human sacrifice c. blue bars of the headdress are corn stalks d. figure is the chi wara, who taught humans how to cultivate crops

blue bars of the headdress are corn stalks

5. A person who delays achieving enlightenment in order to instruct others on Earth is called a __________. a. Daoist b. pilgrim c. Vedic d. bodhisattva

bodhisattva

20. The Great Serpent Mound in Ohio is an elaborate example of a Hopewell __________. a. temple complex b. burial site c. hunting ground d. civic center

burial site

16. Which of the following was found at Stonehenge? a. burial sites b. wall paintings c. carved figures d. bronze weapons

burial sites

20. Chinese painting is characterized by its __________. a. book illustration b. abstract forms c. woodblock printing d. calligraphy

calligraphy

9. In Islamic culture, the artform most revered for its ability to enhance the word of God is __________. a. calligraphy b. carpet design c. the mihrab d. Persian illustration

calligraphy

20. Early Christian art was created in private homes and underground burial chambers called __________. a. basilicas b. catacombs c. coffers d. porticos

catacombs

6. The headdresses worn by the Bamana people of Mali depict figures of antelopes called __________. a. moai b. kachinas c. chi wara d. totems

chi wara

12. In Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa, the hazy atmosphere around the figure is created by using __________. a. chiaroscuro b. linear perspective c. foreshortening d. emotional realism

chiaroscuro

28. Teotihuacan was a __________. a. temple complex b. city c. royal retreat d. funerary site

city

16. The decorative recessed squares on the interior surface of a building are called __________. a. tesserae b. entasis c. coffers d. metopes

coffers

28. The Great Pyramids were __________. a. temples used by priests and priestesses b. residences for rulers and their households c. commemorative monuments for pharaohs d. government and administration buildings

commemorative monuments of pharaohs

5. Greek artists provided lifelike qualities to human figures by using __________. a. tesserae b. contrapposto c. entasis d. stylization

contrapposto

6. Donatello's David exemplifies a revival of the ideals of Classical Greek art in its use of __________. a. contrapposto pose b. an idealized human form c. naturalistic physical features d. a mythological figure

contrapposto pose

17. Raphael's Paul Preaching at Athens demonstrates the value of reason in humanist thought by __________. a. using dramatic contrasts of light and dark b. depicting Classical figures in contrapposto poses c. creating a well-organized composition d. employing chiaroscuro to simulate textures

creating a well-organized composition

34. The symbol of Islam is the __________. a. crescent moon b. iwan c. mosque d. Qur'an

crescent moon

8. A type of textile woven with raffia fibers and featuring dyed strips that are laced through the warps and wefts is called __________. a. Kente cloth b. cut-pile embroidery c. a feather basket d. a chief blanket

cut-pile embroidery

7. The thin body of the pitcher (spouted ewer) from Kashan indicates that it was most likely intended for __________. a. decorative purposes b. religious ceremonies c. practical use d. a royal gift

decorative purposes

13. Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper demonstrates the influence of humanism in High Renaissance art through the __________. a. dynamic contrasts of light and dark b. depiction of a tense biblical moment c. detailed realism of surface textures d. compression of the figures in space

depiction of a tense biblical moment

22. Pieter Bruegel's Hunters in the Snow (Jager im Schnee) is considered a genre painting because it __________. a. creates an illusion of deep space b. features food items and domestic utensils c. depicts the ordinary activities of peasants d. combines Christian imagery with Classical forms

depicts ordinary activities of peasants

31. In Christ of the Pentecost, the sculptor gives a symbolic form to Christ's divinity and compassion by __________. a. idealizing the body and facial features b. deviating from standard human proportions c. creating a naturalistic figure with restrained emotions d. using freestanding sculpture to elongate the figures

deviating from standard human proportions

10. The Laocoön Group exemplifies the artistic style of the Hellenistic period due to the figures' __________. a. idealized bodies and contrapposto poses b. individualized and portrait-like physical features c. stylized gestures and spiritual gazes d. dynamic facial expressions and exaggerated movements

dynamic facial expressions and exaggerated movements

17. The decoration of the façade of the Mir-i-Arab Madrasa is different than that of the mihrab from Iran because it __________. a. emphasizes an important entrance b. directs worshippers toward Mecca c. features figural representations d. functioned as a royal tomb

emphasizes an important entrance

9. At the Kandarya Mahadeva Temple, spiritual unity with the divine is expressed by the __________. a. erotic scenes carved in relief b. stories of the journey to Nirvana c. sacred form of the stupa d. energy of natural elements

erotic scenes carved in relief

5. Which of the following characteristics are shared by the Hohle Fels Figure and the Woman of Willendorf? a. naturalistic details b. hierarchic scale c. exaggerated female body parts d. abstract petroglyphs

exaggerated female body parts

14. At Angkor Wat, the shapes of the towers symbolize __________. a. divine love b. the sacred world mountain c. the inner life force d. fertility

fertility

19. In Jan van Eyck's The Arnolfini Portrait, the woman's green dress symbolizes __________. a. fertility b. the concept of humanism c. purity d. the Protestant Reformation

fertility

33. Tawaraya Sotatsu's Waves at Matsushima is an example of a __________. a. literati painting b. folding screen c. handscroll d. book illustration

folding screen

28. In The Conversion of Saint Paul, Caravaggio enhances the emotional intensity of Paul's spiritual conversion for the viewer by using __________. a. idealized human forms b. secular iconography c. foreshortening d. linear perspective

foreshortening

15. Michelangelo's David represents the __________. a. ideals of the Protestant Reformation b. humanist interest in genre scenes c. freedom of the city of Florence d. rejection of Classical Greek forms

freedom of the city of Florence

28. The Taj Mahal symbolizes the Qur'an's description of paradise in the design of its __________. a. central iwan b. domed tomb c. gardens d. mihrab

gardens

21. An artwork that portrays aspects of everyday life is called a __________. a. genre painting b. self-portrait c. still life d. fresco

genre painting

10. The horizontal band of inscription in the Court of the Lions demonstrates that Arabic calligraphy combines well with __________. a. the decorative qualities of lusterware b. depictions of aristocrats and rulers c. geometric and floral design motifs d. the symbol of Islam, the crescent moon

geometric and floral design motifs

1. In the Paleolithic period, sprinkled powders and beads were found in __________. a. gravesites b. temples c. ziggurats d. pyramids

gravesites

18. The Pantheon's coffered dome symbolizes __________. a. reason b. conquest c. heaven d. imperial authority

heaven

19. In the mirror with Xiwangmu, the Daoist belief that a harmonious life will be rewarded with immortality is signified by the __________. a. heavenly beings and circles of clouds b. stylized and static calligraphic forms c. scenes from the life of Confucius d. abstracted forms of the taotie mask

heavenly beings and circles of clouds

34. In order to organize figures according to degrees of importance, ancient Egyptian artists used __________. a. abstract shapes b. naturalistic angles c. stylization d. hierarchic scale

hierarchic scale

32. The picture writing system developed by ancient Egyptians is called __________. a. petroglyphs b. pictographs c. hieroglyphs d. hierarchic scale

hieroglyphs

25. The apse mosaic in the interior of San Vitale demonstrates the Byzantine emphasis on symbolic qualities through the __________. a. realistic imagery b. highly stylized figures c. idealized forms d. figures' monumental scale

highly stylized figures

2. The Greek kouros statue was created to __________. a. honor an individual's achievements b. commemorate a ruler c. inspire devotion and worship of a deity d. serve as political propaganda

honor an individual's achievements

2. Which of the following is rare in Islamic art? a. writing b. human form c. geometric shapes d. floral motifs

human form

3. Giotto's Lamentation is considered a precursor to Renaissance art because of its __________. a. use of linear perspective b. human-centered realism c. idealized human forms d. dramatic use of light

human-centered realism

2. The cultural movement that emphasized the value of humans and the importance of secular pursuits is called __________. a. Neoplatonism b. mannerism c. the Counter-Reformation d. humanism

humanism

26. Small paintings of holy images intended to inspire devotion are called __________. a. reliquaries b. tesserae c. manuscripts d. icons

icons

33. In accordance with Egyptian artistic conventions, the wall painting from the tomb of Nebamun depicts human figures __________. a. as abstract forms b. in profile c. with stone tools d. in proportional scale

in profile

20. Sultan-Muhammad's Sultan Sanjar and the Old Woman from the Khamseh (Five Poems) of Nizami is different than examples of Islamic art because it __________. a. features floral designs b. includes human forms c. functioned as a religious text d. incorporates calligraphy

includes human forms

13. The New Ireland mask demonstrates the characteristics of Oceanic art in the __________. a. use of animal totems b. inlaid shell eyes c. naturalism of Quetzalcoatl d. depiction of Dreamtime

inlaid shell eyes

11. In the Court of Lions, the luminous effect is created by __________. a. a central dome and high iwan b. intricate webs of carved stone c. geometric motifs on ceramic tiles d. the metallic sheen of lusterware

intricate webs of carved stone

6. The Bodhisattva from Gandhara can be identified because of the figure's __________. a. topknot b. simple garment c. jewelry d. meditative pose

jewelry

7. The Mangaaka power figure personifies the force of __________. a. justice b. chi wara c. mana d. kachina

justice

26. The Zuni Pueblo and Hopis identify invisible life force spirits as __________. a. mana b. totems c. mangaaka d. kachinas

kachinas

30. At the temple complex of Horyuji, the Buddha statues are kept in the __________. a. garba griha b. stupa c. kondo d. pagoda

kondo

19. At the Mir-i-Arab Madrasa, one of the tiled domes marks the location of a __________. a. lecture hall b. throne room c. royal residence d. mosque

lecture hall

4. Which of the following techniques enabled Italian artists to place subjects in a rational and ordered three-dimensional space? a. chiaroscuro b. foreshortening c. linear perspective d. contrapposto

linear perspective

22. After the conquest of China by the Mongols, artists who refused to work for the new government created __________. a. ukiyo-e prints b. relief sculpture c. literati painting d. taotie masks

literati painting

29. The Taj Mahal features surfaces covered in __________. a. marble b. ceramic tiles c. lusterware d. openwork grilles

marble

30. Still life paintings, such as Juan van der Hamen's Still Life with Sweets and Pottery, represent the artistic interests of seventeenth-century __________. a. merchants b. rulers c. aristocrats d. popes

merchants

4. The male portrait head from Ife is different from the male figure from the Nok culture because it is __________. a. naturalistic b. stylized c. abstract d. nonrepresentational

naturalistic

35. The most important figure in the wall painting of the tomb of Nebamun is the __________. a. nobleman b. wife c. daughter d. goddess

nobleman

18. In The Arnolfini Portrait, Jan van Eyck achieves realistic details, rich textures, and brilliant colors by using __________. a. chiaroscuro b. oil paint c. foreshortening d. tempera paint

oil paint

35. The Salon de la Princesse in the Hôtel de Soubise is different than the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles because it features __________. a. classically inspired round arches b. fresco paintings of genre scenes c. the symmetrical design of the Pantheon d. organically shaped and fanciful panels

organically shaped and fanciful panels

25. In the Divan-i-Khas, the intersection of diverse religions and cultures was symbolized by the __________. a. intricate carvings of geometric designs b. extensive use of marble decoration c. ornate pillar with four passageways leading to it d. combination of calligraphy and painted human forms

ornate pillar with four passageways leading to it

13. The Court of Lions is located in the Alhambra, an Islamic __________. a. mosque b. palace c. madrasa d. tomb

palace

19. Which aspect of roman painting derives from Hellenistic art? a. stylized figures b. perspective c. complex patterns d. naturalistic forms

perspective

2. According to archaeologists, the first known examples of artistic creativity are __________. a. monumental ziggurats b. cave paintings of animals c. pieces of engraved ochre d. pottery with abstract designs

pieces of engrave ochre

32. Gothic architecture can be distinguished from Romanesque architecture because of the extensive use of __________. a. barrel vaults b. reliquaries c. pointed arches d. monumental sculpture

pointed arches

16. Michelangelo's The Creation of Adam was commissioned by a __________. a. pope b. wealthy merchant c. monarch d. nobleman

pope

30. Egyptian tombs generally included __________. a. portrait sculpture b. petroglyphs c. ziggurats d. stone weapons

portrait sculpture

27. Byzantine iconoclasts destroyed images of sacred figures in order to __________. a. erect images of rulers b. prevent idolatry c. create a distinct Eastern style d. encourage pilgrimages

prevent idolatry

21. In the city-states of Sumer, rulers were elected by __________. a. farmers b. gods c. scribes d. priests

priests

20. Due to the Protestant Reformation in Northern Europe, art was primarily produced for __________. a. church interiors b. private homes c. artistic training d. public display

private homes

14. In the protective prow figure from a war canoe, the bird functions as a __________. a. protective spirit that watches out for shoals and reefs b. symbol of the bond between spirits and man in Dreamtime c. kachina, a spirit of invisible life forces used in tribal ceremonies d. personification of the god of the feathered serpent, Quetzalcoatl

protective spirit that watches out for shoals and reefs

11. Much of Roman art and architecture reflects the Roman Empire's need for __________. a. public works b. preserving history c. religious ritual d. iconoclasm

public works

27. At the Shrine at Ise, surfaces are left unpainted to symbolize __________. a. purity b. enlightenment c. qi d. rebirth

purity

18. In Chinese culture, the "inner life force," or spirit that animates all things, is called __________. a. Nirvana b. garba griha c. qi d. ukiyo-e

qi

17. In the structure of a Maori meeting house, the ancestor's ribs are represented by the __________. a. upright posts b. ridge c. gable d. rafters

rafters

27. The use of stylization in the head of an Akkadian ruler is best demonstrated by the __________. a. rhythmic patterning of the hair b. naturalistic facial features c. presence of hierarchic scale d. portrait-like quality of the ruler

rhythmic patterning of the hair

4. The architectural form of the Great Stupa at Sanchi symbolizes the __________. a. sacred World Mountain b. eternal realm of deceased ancestors c. spiritual love of the divine d. harmonious forms of nature

sacred World Mountain

7. Petroglyphs are made by __________. a. painting on a rock wall or mud building b. scratching an image onto a stone surface c. carving a form into tusk or bone d. modeling designs on clay vessels

scratching an image onto a stone surface

25. Sumerian art usually __________. a. fulfilled funerary purposes b. provided decoration c. commemorated everyday people d. served ritualistic needs

served ritualistic needs

8. Archaeologists speculate that the human figures painted in the Great Gallery of Horseshoe canyon portray __________. a. shamanic rituals b. deities c. royal figures d. hunting events

shamanic rituals

29. The design of Katsura Detached Palace connects human-made elements with nature by using __________. a. a bracketing system b. sliding screens as walls c. multi-storied pagodas d. the symbolic form of the stupa

sliding screens as walls

11. Many Oceanic artforms are believed to possess mana, which refers to __________. a. spiritual power b. justice c. the bond between nature and man d. knowledge

spiritual power

34. Gothic cathedrals fill their interiors with the symbolic light of God by using __________. a. stained-glass windows b. coffers painted in gold c. barrel vaults d. elaborate mosaics

stained-glass windows

31. In the group statue of King Mycerinus (Menkaura), the central figure is distinguished as the ruler because he __________. a. is depicted in a frontal pose b. wears the crown of a sun between bull's horns c. stands with his left foot forward d. is attached to the block of stone

stands with his left foot forward

21. The oldest human-made artifacts found in North America are __________. a. bronze tools b. stone hearths c. clay masks d. stone pyramids

stone hearths

25. Rosso Fiorentino's Moses Defending the Daughters of Jethro exemplifies Mannerism primarily because of the __________. a. strange layering of nude figures b. extreme use of chiaroscuro c. emphasis on secular iconography d. physical expression of spiritual passion

strange layering of nude figures

2. A domelike structure that developed from Indian burial mounds is called a __________. a. pagoda b. garba griha c. stupa d. kondo

stupa

24. The Ziggurat of Ur-Nammu is constructed of __________. a. wooden beams b. stone blocks c. sun-baked bricks d. painted rock surfaces

sun-baked bricks

16. Chinese ritual vessels often include images of a composite monster with wings, claws, and horns called a __________. a. qi b. taotie mask c. bodhisattva d. garba griha

taotie mask

21. Christ and the Apostles demonstrates Early Christian art's emphasis on __________. a. legitimizing Roman authority b. embellishing church exteriors c. telling stories about biblical figures d. worshipping sacred images

telling stories about biblical figures

1. A type of earthenware with a reddish color is called __________. a. mana b. a kachina c. terra cotta d. a kero cup

terra cotta

26. Many characteristics of Baroque art developed as propaganda for __________. a. wealthy humanist patrons b. the Counter-Reformation c. the French court and aristocracy d. the Protestant Reformation

the Counter-Reformation

26. Which of the following functioned as a throne room? a. the Court of the Lions b. the Taj Mahal c. the Mir-i-Arab Madrasa d. the Divan-i-Khas

the Divan-i-Khas

33. The Rococo style was particularly suited to the lifestyle of __________. a. humanist patrons in Italy b. the French court and aristocracy c. the wealthy merchant class in Flanders d. Protestant reformers

the French court and aristocracy

4. Some scholars believe that the Woman of Willendorf depicts __________. a. a female ruler b. the figure of a shaman c. a hunter-gatherer d. the Great Mother Goddess

the Great Mother Goddess

15. Which of the following is an example of the tradition of ceramic tile decoration in Persian architecture? a. the Taj Mahal b. the Court of Lions c. the Mir-i-Arab Madrasa d. the Great Mosque in Kairouan

the Mir-i-Arab Madrasa

18. Which of the following includes an iwan? a. the Alhambra b. the Taj Mahal c. the Mir-i-Arab Madrasa d. the Divan-i-Khas

the Mir-i-Arab Madrasa

23. The use of figural representation in art was encouraged by __________. a. the Mughal ruler Akbar b. Persian painters c. Spanish calligraphers d. the Egyptian government

the Mughal ruler Akbar

31. Which of the following buildings could be built by local people due to its practical, mud brick design? a. the Divan-i-Khas b. the Taj Mahal c. the New Gourna Village Mosque d. the Great Mosque in Kairouan

the New Gourna Village Mosque

6. Which of the following buildings features the architectural elements and proportions of the Doric order? a. the Pantheon b. Notre-Dame de Chartres c. the Parthenon d. San Vitale

the Parthenon

17. Which of the following accompanied the emperor Qin Shihuangdi to the afterlife? a. the Terra Cotta Warriors b. the Lotus Sutra c. the mirror with Xiwangmu d. the Standing Buddha

the Terra Cotta Warriors

35. Like Notre-Dame de Chartres, the "Rose de France" window is dedicated to __________. a. Christ b. the Virgin Mary c. Athena d. the Pantocrator

the Virgin Mary

23. Which of the following is a Mesopotamian religious structure? a. the Ziggurat of Ur-Nammu b. Stonehenge c. the Great Pyramids d. the Funerary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut

the Ziggurat of Ur-Nammu

29. Ancient Egyptians were deeply concerned about __________. a. fertility b. the afterlife c. electing rulers d. the agricultural revolution

the afterlife

3. The male portrait head from Ife demonstrates the Ife tradition of creating art for __________. a. the court b. ritual purposes c. burials d. meeting houses

the court

33. A traditional element of Islamic art featured in the modern design of the New Gourna Village Mosque is __________. a. ceramic tile decoration b. the dome c. calligraphy d. geometric and floral motifs

the dome

13. Which of the following is an example of Neolithic art? a. the head of an Akkadian ruler b. the earthenware beaker with ibexes c. the Woman of Willendorf d. the group statue of King Mycerinus (Menkaura)

the earthenware beaker with ibexes

34. Japanese ukiyo-e prints depicted __________. a. the ruler and his court b. the everyday world c. historic battles d. poetic landscapes

the everyday world

6. What distinguishes the imagery in the Chauvet Cave from that of the Great Gallery in Horseshoe Canyon? a. The images are pictographs. b. The figures are naturalistic. c. The figures are in hierarchic scale. d. The artist included hieroglyphs.

the figures are naturalistic

3. Like the Great Stupa at Sanchi, Buddhist structures are usually oriented toward __________. a. international trade routes b. moats and other sources of water c. the four cardinal directions d. sacred site within a forest

the four cardinal directions

18. At Stonehenge, the "heel stone" aligns with __________. a. an intersecting road b. the midsummer sunrise c. a series of burial mounds d. the Tigris and Euphrates rivers

the midsummer sunrise

7. In Renaissance art, the symbol of human worth and divine perfection was __________. a. light b. the nude c. nature d. the flaming arrow

the nude

6. Which of the following is an example of lusterware? a. the Mir-i-Arab Madrasa b. the pitcher (spouted ewer) from Kashan c. Sultan Sanjar and the Old Woman, from the Khamseh (Five Poems) d. the exterior of the Taj Mahal

the pitcher (spouted ewer) from Kashan

12. The Roman innovation that most greatly influenced Western architecture was __________. a. entasis b. the rounded arch c. a system of architectural orders d. the flying buttress

the rounded arch

17. Scholars believe that Stonehenge may have been an important funerary site because __________. a. pictographs depict shamanic rituals and hunting scenes b. wall paintings are prevalent at several burial sites c. the site aligns with the northernmost midwinter moonrise d. the stones symbolize the mountain that links heaven and Earth

the site aligns with the northernmost midwinter moonrise

29. At the Temple of the Feathered Serpent, each relief with goggle eyes and a scaly face portrays __________. a. mana b. the storm god c. aumakua d. the chi wara

the storm god

24. Which of the following works of art functions like a family crest? a. Dawarangulili's The Myth of the Wawilak Sisters b. the totem pole of the Tlingit Community House c. the human figure (ki'i 'aumakua) d. the Kente cloth pattern "Mmeeda"

the totem pole of the Tlingit Community House

29. Reliquaries, like the Majesty of Sainte Foy, were important because __________. a. they functioned as altars in Greek temples b. they were worshipped as icons of deities c. their sacred contents brought pilgrims to Christian churches d. their imagery legitimatized the authority of Roman rulers

their sacred contents brought pilgrims to Christian churches

7. In the Standing Buddha, the Buddha's enlightenment is symbolized by his __________. a. simple monk's garment b. topknot c. elongated earlobes d. expensive jewelry

topknot

12. After 800 BCE, the influence of Buddhism and Hinduism spread due to __________. a. Roman conquest b. traders and merchants c. popular burial practices d. the Mongol invasion

traders and merchants

8. The sculptural program of the Parthenon, including The Battle of the Lapiths and Centaurs, celebrates the __________. a. triumph of the Greeks over the Persian invasion b. influence of the Roman empire c. artistic style of nomadic German tribes d. Alexander the Great's conquest of Egypt

triumph of the Greeks over the Persian invasion

32. At the New Gourna Village Mosque, the mihrab is located __________. a. in the open courtyard b. beside the iwan c. under the central dome d. within the madrasa

under the central dome

11. In High Renaissance art, the revival of portraiture is attributed to the __________. a. symbolic imagery of genre paintings b. religious beliefs of the Counter-Reformation c. value of the individual in humanist thought d. frivolous lifestyles of the aristocracy

value of the individual humanist thought

21. In Travelers Among Mountains and Streams, Fan Kuan used the small scale of human figures to symbolize the __________. a. amateur status of literati painters b. vastness of nature c. pleasurable aspects of ukiyo-e scenes d. Eightfold Path to Nirvana

vastness of nature

30. The Taj Mahal is similar to other examples of Islamic art in its use of __________. a. ceramic tiles b. painted illustration c. marble d. vegetal decoration

vegetal decoration

31. Unkei's Muchaku exemplifies Japanese art's characteristic use of __________. a. vivid realism b. relief sculpture c. stylization d. Vedic symbolism

vivid realism

5. Olembe Alaye's house post demonstrates the Yoruba peoples' tradition of __________. a. bronze casting b. mask painting c. cut-pile embroidery d. wood carving

wood carving

22. A series of stepped, rectangular platforms with a temple at the top is called a __________. a. lintel b. pyramid c. ziggurat d. dolmen

ziggurat