Walking - Chapter 9

True false question. People cope with stress in a variety of ways, including overeating to alleviate loneliness or fatigue, or to combat boredom. True False

True

The larger the difference between our "ideal self" and our actual self leads to a positive impact on self-esteem. a negative impact on self-esteem. greater motivation to change.

a negative impact on self-esteem.

Select all that apply Cultural influences on obesity include using food as which of the following? a symbol of caring a symbol of love an integral part of celebrations fuel for the body in exercising

a symbol of caring a symbol of love an integral part of celebrations

Select all that apply Short sleep duration and sleep debt are associated with which of the following? decreased snacking abdominal obesity decreased flexibility increased BMI

abdominal obesity increased BMI

Select all that apply Which of the following can help decrease the energy density of your diet? adding fruit to cereal avoiding processed foods snacking on crackers adding extra vegetables to meals

adding fruit to cereal avoiding processed foods adding extra vegetables to meals

Bulimia nervosa is characterized by a refusal to eat enough food to maintain normal, healthy body weight and/or the use of measures to produce severe weight loss. normal food consumption interrupted by episodes of high consumption, resulting in obesity. high fat intake and low level of physical activity. alternating binge eating and purging through vomiting, laxatives, or diuretics.

alternating binge eating and purging through vomiting, laxatives, or diuretics.

A negative energy balance occurs when an individual burns the same amount of energy as he or she takes in. an individual consumes more calories than he or she uses. an individual burns more calories than he or she consumes.

an individual burns more calories than he or she consumes.

A neutral energy balance occurs when an individual burns more calories than he or she consumes. an individual burns the same amount of energy as he or she takes in. an individual consumes more calories than he or she expends.

an individual burns the same amount of energy as he or she takes in.

Which one of the following is most closely associated with anorexia nervosa? near-normal body weight uncontrollable binge eating for weeks at a time an intense fear of gaining weight even when thin self-induced vomiting

an intense fear of gaining weight even when thin

Select all that apply Which of the following are commonly used to evaluate body composition for health? body weight weight management body fat visible fat

body weight body fat

Energy density is the number of ______ per ounce or gram of food. calories additives nutrients minerals

calories

In the carbohydrate-insulin model, what is the primary cause of obesity? overeating refined carbohydrates genetics type 1 diabetes strict adherence to low-carb diets

overeating refined carbohydrates

Which of the following would be the best addition to a diet to gain weight? nuts protein drinks sodas and other drinks with real sugar bakery sweets

nuts

Select all that apply Which of the following reduce RMR? weight gain high calorie intake weight loss low calorie intake

weight loss low calorie intake

Studies suggest that consumption of a certain _____ reduces hunger and leads to feelings of fullness and satisfaction. number of calories type of food amount of fat weight of food

weight of food

Important factors to consider before choosing a commercial weight loss program include whether the program fits the lifestyle of your partner. the program drop-out rate. whether you are truly committed to weight loss. the number of people enrolled in the program.

whether you are truly committed to weight loss.

If you want to maintain your current weight, you should be most concerned with the MyPlate recommendation for daily calorie intake. reducing your caloric intake as you increase physical activity. your individual energy balance. gaining muscle mass.

your individual energy balance.

What best describes the effect of exercise on resting metabolic rate? a significant positive effect a modest negative effect a significant negative effect a modest positive effect

a modest positive effect

People should not try to lose weight more rapidly than 1.0-2.5 pounds per week. 0.5-1.0 pounds per week. 0.5-2.0 pounds per week. 1.5-3.0 pounds per week.

0.5-2.0 pounds per week.

Of the following, the best pattern of eating for weight management is 3 larger meals per day with no snacks. 2 large meals plus snacks. 3 planned meals per day plus planned snacks. 3 smaller meals and no snacks.

3 planned meals per day plus planned snacks.

In a recent study, a regular resistance training program increased RMR in healthy adults an average of 15% 12% 5% 10%

5%

Abraham and Bradley both want to lose weight. Abraham is going to focus on his calorie intake during his weight-loss phase; Bradley is going to focus on exercise. Who is likely to lose the greatest amount of weight? They are likely to both lose a similar amount of weight. Bradley Abraham

Abraham

According to the carbohydrate-insulin model, what happens when you eat processed foods that elevate insulin levels? More calories are available in the bloodstream. You'll feel satiated more quickly and the sensation will last longer. Calories are trapped in fat cells.

Calories are trapped in fat cells.

Select all that apply Which of the following statements about psychological and social factors in eating behavior are true? Changing eating patterns linked to cultural values is difficult. Social gatherings often revolve around food. Food is used by some people to cope with stress or difficult emotions. Binge eating is a healthy way to deal with stress.

Changing eating patterns linked to cultural values is difficult. Social gatherings often revolve around food. Food is used by some people to cope with stress or difficult emotions.

Select all that apply Which of the following are true concerning fat cells? All people are born with the same number of fat cells. Fat cells send out chemical signals in order to be replenished. If a person loses weight, fat cell content is depleted, but the number of fat cells may not decrease. Overeating at crucial periods (like childhood) can cause the body to create more fat cells.

Fat cells send out chemical signals in order to be replenished. If a person loses weight, fat cell content is depleted, but the number of fat cells may not decrease. Overeating at crucial periods (like childhood) can cause the body to create more fat cells.

Which of the following statements about the number of calories needed to maintain weight is true? It is the same for everyone regardless of gender or age. It depends on gender but not on activity level. It will vary from person to person. Caloric intake is not as important as adequate protein consumption to maintain weight.

It will vary from person to person.

Select all that apply Max is a bodybuilder of average height. He works out almost every day and has developed a powerful, muscular physique. Which of the following would indicate that Max might have a disorder called muscle dysmorphia? Max sees himself as small. Max feels that he is out of shape. Max worries about doing too much bodybuilding. Max thinks he has become more attractive to women.

Max sees himself as small. Max feels that he is out of shape.

Select all that apply During which life periods do women's hormones exert the strongest influence on the amount and location of body fat? (Choose every correct answer.) Infancy Menopause Pregnancy Puberty

Menopause Pregnancy Puberty

To promote abstinence from compulsive eating, ________ offers a 12-step program. Nutrisystem Overeaters Anonymous Take Off Pounds Sensibly Weight Watchers

Overeaters Anonymous

Which of the following was found in a follow-up study of The Biggest Loser competition show? Most participants did not regain the weight because their RMRs remained reduced. Participants regained much of the weight, but their RMRs continued to be reduced. Participants regained much of the weight, but their RMRs were actually higher than before the weight loss.

Participants regained much of the weight, but their RMRs continued to be reduced.

Select all that apply Which of the following are findings from the 2019 study that compared diets of highly processed foods versus diets of unprocessed foods? People eating the processed-food diet ate faster. There were different responses in levels of appetite-controlling hormones. There was a clear link between brain chemicals and an unprocessed diet. There was a clear link between insulin resistance and the highly processed diet.

People eating the processed-food diet ate faster. There were different responses in levels of appetite-controlling hormones.

Which component makes up the majority of a person's daily energy expenditure? Physical activity Food digestion Resting metabolism Food consumption

Resting metabolism

Which of the following best defines "other specified feeding or eating disorders" (OSFED)? The sufferer engages in uncontrollable eating and does not purge. It is marked by compulsively overexercising to compensate for meals eaten. There are some symptoms of eating disorders but no final or compelling diagnosis of a specific disorder. It involves chronic laxative use after eating.

There are some symptoms of eating disorders but no final or compelling diagnosis of a specific disorder.

True or false: A person's body image is shaped in part by the person's attitudes and emotions. True False

True

The most serious side effect of anorexia nervosa is/are cardiac disorders. endocrine system disorders. gastrointestinal disorders. death.

death.

Select all that apply Which behaviors are likely indications of disordered eating habits? being concerned about having a well-balanced diet feeling compelled to compensate for eating by overexercising self-induced vomiting being convinced self-worth hinges on looks and weight

feeling compelled to compensate for eating by overexercising self-induced vomiting being convinced self-worth hinges on looks and weight

A weight-loss medication should increase energy expenditure. increase energy consumption. decrease feelings of fullness. increase feelings of hunger.

increase energy expenditure.

Select all that apply The use of multimedia devices may do which of the following? reduce sedentary time increase energy intake contribute to sleep deprivation

increase energy intake contribute to sleep deprivation

If an individual increases his or her amount of muscle mass, he or she will likely experience nothing, since muscle mass does not affect metabolism. decreased RMR. increased size of internal organ tissue. increased RMR.

increased RMR.

Select all that apply Which of the following behaviors helps to make weight loss permanent? managing your emotions regular physical activity more sedentary lifestyles increased intake of trans fats healthy eating habits

managing your emotions regular physical activity healthy eating habits

The term body image describes an individual's way of changing his or her body. measurements, like height and weight. mental idea about his or her body. overall medical health.

mental idea about his or her body.

Genes influence the body's caloric intake. choice of food. metabolic rate. physical activity.

metabolic rate.

Select all that apply Which of the following need to be addressed in the treatment of eating disorders? misuse of food to manage emotions misuse of food to manage stress good sleeping habits reactions to the way a food tastes eating behaviors

misuse of food to manage emotions misuse of food to manage stress eating behaviors

Select all that apply Common among people with weight problems are negative emotions. a lack of self-talk. a clear picture of themselves. a low self-esteem.

negative emotions. a low self-esteem.

Select all that apply Potential complications from Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and VGB/Lap-Band surgeries include reflux. high blood pressure. respiratory problems. nausea. nutritional deficiencies.

reflux. nausea. nutritional deficiencies.

Select all that apply Extensive use of canned diet drinks can result in which of the following? healthy eating patterns regain of lost weight slow long-term weight loss rapid short-term weight loss

regain of lost weight rapid short-term weight loss

Liposuction is a cosmetic procedure for removing localized fat deposits. toning muscles. bone density assessment. treating acne.

removing localized fat deposits.

Select all that apply Good commercial weight-loss programs should promote which of the following? safe and balanced diets slow and steady weight loss dietary supplements instead of exercise rapid weight loss

safe and balanced diets slow and steady weight loss

Select all that apply Eating can be a powerful distraction from which of the following feelings? shame contentment inadequacy excitement sadness

shame inadequacy sadness

Among the following, the group most likely to consume excess calories throughout the day are those who eat frequent but small meals. skip breakfast. eat the recommended amounts of vegetables. plan meals.

skip breakfast.

To gain weight, you must increase your protein intake. cut carbohydrates from your diet. take in more calories than your body requires. start a cardio training program.

take in more calories than your body requires.

The amount of fat the body can store is a function of how healthy one's diet is. the number and size of fat cells. the amount of consistent exercise a person has as a young adult.

the number and size of fat cells.

The amount of fat the body can store is a function of the amount of consistent exercise a person has as a young adult. how healthy one's diet is. the number and size of fat cells.

the number and size of fat cells.

Select all that apply Health risks of bulimia nervosa include which of the following? tooth decay liver damage depression kidney damage excessive weight gain

tooth decay liver damage depression kidney damage

To achieve weight loss using diet food bars, you should eat more of them than any other type of nutrient. use them as a substitute for some of your daily food intake. add them to your daily three meals and snacks. substitute them for fruits and vegetables.

use them as a substitute for some of your daily food intake.

Select all that apply Which of the following is a characteristic of bulimic individuals? vomiting self-starvation overeating lack of appetite

vomiting overeating

Select all that apply Which of the following can result from large portion sizes? underconsumption of calories weight gain overconsumption of calories weight loss

weight gain overconsumption of calories

What percentage of women with anorexia nervosa will die from it? 2% 5% 8% 10%

10%

According to National Institutes of Health standards, what percentage of American youth are obese? 12.5% 8.5% 25.5% 18.5%

18.5%

What are the CDC guidelines for reasonable weight loss for an obese person? 1-5% of body weight over 6 months 5-10% of body weight over 6 months 10-15% of body weight over 6 months 15-20% of body weight over 6 months

5-10% of body weight over 6 months

In a 2019 study, researchers found that participants ate an average of about _____ calories more per day (and gained weight) when eating a diet of highly processed foods as compared to a diet of unprocessed foods. 300 350 400 500

500

Jimi and Kiki both weigh 160 pounds. Jimi has, on average, always weighed about 160, but Kiki just lost 40 pounds (she did weigh 200). Which of them will need to consume fewer calories to maintain the 160-pound weight? They both will have to consume the same amount of calories to maintain the same weight. Kiki Jimi

Kiki

Select all that apply Which of the following are noncommercial weight-loss programs? Weight Watchers TOPS Nutrisystem Overeaters Anonymous

TOPS Overeaters Anonymous

Select all that apply Which problems are associated with over-the-counter weight-loss products? (Choose every correct answer.) They make false representations. They promote regular exercise and other types of physical activity. They promote a healthy, balanced diet. They may contain potentially harmful undisclosed ingredients.

They make false representations. They may contain potentially harmful undisclosed ingredients.

Select all that apply Eating disorders can be treated by which of the following? forcing people to eat full meals soon after diagnosis a combination of therapy, medication, and medical help isolating the people with the disorder from others focusing on a person's health rather than physical appearance

a combination of therapy, medication, and medical help focusing on a person's health rather than physical appearance

The most accurate methods for assessing and clarifying body composition are those based on body weight. the "jeans test." weight loss measurements. body fat.

body fat.

How does the body react to weight loss? by regulating insulin and decreasing hunger signals by adapting to the new, lower weight as a "norm" almost before the weight loss is actually detectable by reducing RMR and increasing hunger signals

by reducing RMR and increasing hunger signals

Some people overeat for emotional reasons and use food as a coping strategy to deal with emotions. tool for successfully managing their weight. sign that they are not stressed. fuel for their body and nothing else.

coping strategy to deal with emotions.

Weight-loss aids are subjected to fewer regulations because they are marketed as dietary supplements. vegetable-based foods. amino acids. complex carbohydrates.

dietary supplements.

Adolescents who have a negative body image are more likely to be happy with their physical appearance. have high self-esteem. eat compulsively. maintain a healthy weight.

eat compulsively.

Select all that apply To reduce the energy density of your meals, you should add extra cheese to pizza. eat fruits for dessert. eat cake and ice cream for dessert. snack on vegetables. include a green salad with your meal. add extra vegetables to pasta dishes. include white rice with your meals.

eat fruits for dessert. snack on vegetables. include a green salad with your meal. add extra vegetables to pasta dishes.

Lifestyle factors for successful weight management include all of the following except coping strategies. physical activity. positive attitude. emotional eating.

emotional eating.

John can maintain his current body weight of 165 pounds when his calorie intake is reduced. is less than output. is more than output. equals output.

equals output.

Select all that apply Which of the following are strategies for counteracting portion distortion? super sizing your meal frequently measuring food at home checking serving sizes listed on packaged foods ordering the smallest-sized items on the menu increasing serving sizes of foods high in calories

frequently measuring food at home checking serving sizes listed on packaged foods ordering the smallest-sized items on the menu

As income level rises, the prevalence of obesity among women triples in likelihood. stays the same. goes down. goes up.

goes down.

Approximately what portion of overweight American adults fall into the higher-risk category of obese? one fifth a third one fourth half

half

A person with body dysmorphic disorder must have visible flaws. is pleased with his or her physical appearance. has low self-esteem. has high self-esteem.

has low self-esteem.

Select all that apply Which of the following are characteristics of anorexia nervosa? hiding food without eating lack of interest in one's appearance self-starvation unexplained weight gain

hiding food without eating self-starvation

The greater the amount of muscle mass, the easier it is to gain weight. higher the resting metabolic rate. lower the resting metabolic rate. more fat needed in the diet.

higher the resting metabolic rate.

Select all that apply Which of the following are characteristics of weight-loss medications? increased energy expenditure reduced energy consumption interference with energy absorption increased energy consumption decreased energy expenditure

increased energy expenditure reduced energy consumption interference with energy absorption

Binge eating is a disorder characterized by starving oneself and exercising intensely. eating only when hungry. lack of control over eating behavior. excitement with weight gain.

lack of control over eating behavior.

Select all that apply Twelve-year-old Amber is developing secondary sex characteristics. Some noticeable changes include which of the following? wider shoulders larger breasts higher voice than before wider hips

larger breasts wider hips

Genetic factors that influence body weight can be overcome with attention to body image. the media. peer pressure. lifestyle factors.

lifestyle factors.

Select all that apply Which of the following are commonly associated with persons with body dysmorphic disorder? low self-esteem no interest in personal appearance excessive concern with physical appearance having more than five visible body flaws

low self-esteem excessive concern with physical appearance

Select all that apply Bulimia is often difficult to recognize because bulimics usually do which of the following? (Choose every correct answer.) maintain a normal weight conceal their eating habits take great joy in eating appear seriously underweight

maintain a normal weight conceal their eating habits

Select all that apply Individuals who have binge-eating disorder prefer to eat alone. cannot control their eating habits. purge themselves after eating. eat when they are not hungry. tend to starve themselves.

prefer to eat alone. cannot control their eating habits. eat when they are not hungry.

During the weight-loss phase, which of the following is most important? reducing calorie intake increasing physical activity Reducing calorie intake and increasing physical activity are equally important.

reducing calorie intake