Week 1-1-1 The TCP/IP Five-Layer Network Model

Network software

Network software is usually divided into client and server categories, with the client application initiating a request for data and the server software answering the request across the network.

Application Layer

Protocols used to allow you to browse the web or send receive email are some common ones. The seventh layer of the OSI model. Application layer protocols enable software programs to negotiate formatting, procedural, security, synchronization, and other requirements with the network.

Summary

The physical layer is the delivery truck and the roads. The data link layer is how the delivery trucks get from one intersection to the next over and over. The network layer identifies which roads need to be taken to get from address A to address B. The transport layer ensures that delivery driver knows how to knock on your door to tell you your package has arrived. And the application layer is the contents of the package itself.

Difference between TCP and UDP

User Datagram Protocol is that TCP provides mechanisms to ensure that data is reliably delivered while UDP does not.

The Network layer/network layer uses

When network connects with a server on the Internet. It's the network layer that helps gets the data between these two locations network layer,in our case IP, is responsible for getting data from one node to another. The most common protocol used at this layer is known as IP or Internet Protocol. IP is the heart of the Internet and most small networks around the world.

Difference between Data link layer and Network layer

While the data link layer is responsible for getting data across a single link, the network layer is responsible for getting data delivered across a collection of networks.

Ethernet standards

also define a protocol responsible for getting data to nodes on the same network or link. known as data link layer or second layer

The third Layer/the internet layer

is also sometimes called the Internet layer. It's this layer that allows different networks to communicate with each other through devices known as routers. A collection of networks connected together through routers is an internetwork

The second layer/ data link layer

is known as the data link layer. Some sources will call this layer the network interface or the network access layer. .data link layer is responsible for getting data across a single link At this layer, we introduce our first protocols. the data link layer is responsible for defining a common way of interpreting these signals, so network devices can communicate. most common is known as Ethernet,

Physical Layer

represents the physical devices that interconnect computers. This includes the specifications for the networking cables and the connectors that join devices together along with specifications describing how signals are sent over these connections. the physical layer is all about cabling, connectors and sending signals

Transport Layer

sorts out which client and server programs are supposed to get that data. When you heard about our network layer protocol IP, you may have thought of TCP IP, which is a pretty common phrase protocol most commonly used in the fourth layer, the transport layer, is known as TCP or Transmission Control Protocol, or TCP IP Also, remember that the transport layer, mostly TCP and UDP, is responsible for ensuring that data gets to the right applications running on those nodes. The fourth layer of the OSI model. In this layer protocols ensure that data are transferred from point A to point B reliably and without errors. this layer services include flow control, acknowledgment, error correction, segmentation, reassembly, and sequencing.

Routers

special purpose devices that are designed to read the source and destination address fields in IP packet headers to decide where to send (route) the packet next