Week 8-Week 9 Learning Modules

What statement about policy development is accurate? -Lobbying for policy legislation is not a right -Policy development occurs only at the federal level -Tobacco usage is off-limits to policy regulation -Agencies can develop policies that affect only individuals using the agency

-Agencies can develop policies that affect only individuals using the agency

One of the main roles of the PHN is advocacy. What is included in the process of advocacy?

-Collecting info -taking action -Identify stakeholders

What is involved in the advocacy process?

-Identify an issue -collect information -identify influential stakeholders -build support -take action "social justice for all"

PHN role in the PREVENTION of a disaster?

-Identifying community risk factors -Organizing a disaster drill for the community -Developing a disaster plan

What steps can a CHN take to be an effective advocate for clients

-Recognize health problems -Identify legal & legislative resources -Championing new health laws

6 Successful Policy Changes

-Seat belts -Air bags Immunizations -Fluoridation (water policies at the city level led to decrease in tooth decay) -Food inspection -Nursing licensing

What kind of agencies have legal advisors available to help the PHN/CHN?

-State department of health -county public health department -city health department

Advocacy is a process where the CHN is trying to ....

-influence outcomes or championing a cause

A CHN is at a local rec center attending a community meeting where members are expressing concern about an upcoming bill on allowing frackin in their communit. The community requested the nurse assist them in preventing the bill from passing. How can the nurse use advocacy to assist the community with issue?

-research problems associated with fraking in communities & provide examples -write local policy makers regarding the communities feelings about the issue -collaborate with community representatives to develop a form letter to contact policy makers

What are the benefits of the NIMS (national incident management system)? SATA To allow for a common organization structure To facilitate disaster preparation To enable global disaster management To enable state lead disaster management TO integrate personnel, facilities, and equipment

1 2 5

Statements about children and adolescents of poverty that are true

20% of children under age 6 live in poverty 1/3 of all children of poverty are African American

Community health can be improved through policy development and enforcment for which of the following issues? SATA -Poverty -Environmental hazards -Inequality -Food and water safety

ALL of these issues can be affected by the intervention of policy change.

In the homeless community, the nurse can help individuals with addiction by developing grassfoots advocacy and policy formation to affect populations health by: -Securing grant money to transport this community to places of worship each week -educating the addicted homeless community on the horrors of being addicted -finding grant money to help the addicted homeless relocate to another place -applying EBP in the nursing care of at risk substance abuse populations

Applying EBP in the nursing care of at risk substance abuse populations

Which is the best legal or legislative resource the PHN can access to imporve this situation for her community? A. Search the internet for info B.Contact a legal advisor at the county health agency she works for C. Communicate with policymakers

B.

The nurse is aware that environmental factors can mitigate or exacerbate disasters. What are environmental factors?

Building stability Political unrest air temp coastal flooding

a home health nurse is visiting a new client with TB. The client has refused to take the required medication. What is the nurses next best action?

Contact the home health agency attorney to determine the specific regulations governing medication compliance in clients with TB

Residents in the community have voiced concerns regarding a local pond. The pond is stagnant and residents report a higher than normal number of mosquitos. What is the best legal or legislative resource the nurse can access to reduce or eliminate this problem?

Contact the local health department this is a local issue

In clients with terminal illness, the nurse can help to develop advocacy and policy formation to affect population health by: -Creating research studies to deteremine causes of terminal illnesses -Educate the terminally ill community on the issues associated with dying -Coordinating care in various settings, with high quality communication amoung health care providers -Securing strong opiates to relieve the pain of the terminally ill

Coordinating care in various settings, with high quality communication among health care providers

Research is an important part of the 10 essentials of PH services. When the nurse uses reserach for community problems, what purpose does this serve? -Identificatio of new solutions -Supporting public health practices -Connections between practice and theory -Improvments in polic development

Identification of new solutions.

While taking a walk around the school at lunch, the school nurse notices the cafeteria dumpsters are next to the playground. The nurse goes over to the dumpster to investigate and finds the dumpsters leaking, which is attracting bees. Which of the 10 essentials is the nurse demonstrating? Diagnosing Developing Monitoring Connecting

Diagnosing, includes investigating potential health hazards in the community

a nurse is in a disaster preparedness training course. the nurse best demonstrates knowledge of disasters by which statement? "disasters are only accidental or terroristic in origin" "disasters are emergencies requiring services form within a community" "disasters are unexpected events requiring support from outside the community." "disasters can vary according to location"

Disasters are unexpected events requiring support from outside the community

Domestically displaced persons due to disasters in the U.S. to help them in their recovery period. As was seen with Hurricane Katrina, one federal agency assisted victims of this hurricane for months after the event. Which of the agencies was the recovery agency? PICM UNHCR ASSERT FEMA

FEMA IN the US, the DHS is the central organization overseeing many different agencies that focus on safety and security of the nation. Their many responsibilits include border and transportation, security, chemical, biologic, radiologic, countermeasuers, information systems and infrastructure protection, and emergency preparedness and response

A nurse wants to better understand the Incident Command System (ICS). WHhere should the nurse look for courses related to the ICS?

Federal Emergecny Managment Agency website provides free courses for nurses and other health care professionalls to educate about ICS

What intervention can be used to prevent adverse health consequences and empower vulnerable populations though the sharing of knowledge, skills and information?

Health teaching! Can be used to empower vulnerable populations through the sharing of knowledge and information. For example; empowering sexually active teens and adolescents with the skills they need to prevent pregnancy and STIs, the nurse can help prevent negative health outcomes before they begin

In the HIV positive community, the nurse can help to develop grassfoots advocacy and policy formation to affect population health by: -Requiring mandatory testing of the community -Helping to create policy on early screening -Creating lists of known infected persons -Educating the public on the horrors of HIV

Helping to create policy on early screening Sometimes, when screening is completed the clients level of disease/injury is found to be at a more advanced stage and isnt considered to have been "caught early"

a nurse wants to understnad the potential intensity of a recent disaster on a community. what is the best question to ask when determining intensity? How many emergncy personnell needed to deploy? How destructive was the disaster to the infrastructure? How big of an area was affected by the disaster?

How destructive was the disaster to the infrastructure

Which natural disaster cannot be caused by shifts in tectonic plates? Avalanche Earthquake Volcanic eruption Hurricane

Hurricanes, originate over warm topical oceans with low atmospheric pressure

The PHN is offering nutrition classes and developing a walking program for the community residents. Which of the 10 essential public services is the nurse demonstrating? Monitor Develop Inform COmpentency

Inform, the act of educating and empowering the community on identified or potential health issues

What statement about public policy around tobacco is accurate? -It is illegal to direct antismoking campaigns toward children -It is legal to sell tobacco to children if they are accompanied by an adult -It is legal to sell tobacco to children if they show a photo ID -It is illegal to sell tobacco to children

It is illegal to sell tobacco to children

10 Public Health Essential Services

Monitor Diagnose Inform Mobilize Develop Enforce Connect Competency Evaluate Research

Is public health advocacy a process OR outcome?

PROCESS where you try to influence outcomes.

How do we describe policy?

Policy comprises the actions that are taken to achieve a goal or objective

The nurse is asked about the effectiveness of public policy changes. What is the best response the nurse can give? -Immunizations are more dangerous than the communicable disease they prevent -Seat belts make little difference in the rate of MV fatalities -Policies regulating fluoridation of the water supply reduced tooth decay -Facility inspection of restaurants are a poor allocation of public health resources

Policy is how standards are implemented, regulated and enforced. Fluoridated water policies at the state level led to a decrease in tooth decay

Which is an agency that will give assistance to vulnerable populations that suffers from alcohol and drug abuse, education, and refers for tx? NIMS ASSERT FEMA PICM

Project ASSERT (Alcohol and Substance Abuse Services, Education, Referral to Treatment) is a screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment model designed for use in health clinics or EDs. This project collaborates with trained nurses, peer educators, and other health professionals.

6 factors of Policy Development

Public opinion Available Resources Interest groups Economic conditions Technical change Business associations

Which is a factor that shapes policy development? Technology Education level Available resources Public opinion Economic conditions

Public policy development is a complex and multifaceted process that involves the interplay of many individuals and groups/parties. Public opinion Economic conditions Available resources Technology

A CHN is working with clients in the communicable disease clinic. A client seeking tx confides to the nurse that she has sex for money to pay her rent. The nurse provides the client with education on how to protect herself from further i nfection and offers her free condoms. Which of the elements of the ANA Code of Ethics is the nurse practicing while taking care of this client?SATA

Respect Compassion Dignitiy

What term describes emergency housing during a disaster?

Secondary Prevention! In the mitigation phase of a disaster, secondary preventino needs to be employed in order to prevent further death or disablilty

The value that is central to both nursing and PHN is

Social justic

What is the professional value that leads nurses to advocacy?

Social justice "nurses should act to change those asepects of society that detract from health and well being"

What best describes primary prevention of a disaster? Team based disaster planning recovery=oriented programs Hospital-focused programs Governmental funding for disaster relief

Team based disaster planning Primary prevention occurs before the disease or unwanted event happens

What is an operational incident managment or resource allocation plan?

The Incident Command System, is an operational incident managment and resources plan involving 5 functional areas.

4 phases of disaster managment

The Prevention Phase The Preparedness Phase The Response Phase The Recovery Phase

INternational Refugee and Disaster Relief Assistance is recovery assistance offered to any person who is unwilling or unable to return to their country of origin. WHat is the agency that helps the vulnerable populations to have safety, food, and shelter? MDG PICM UNHCR NIMS

The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) was established by the International Refugee Organization, and organization that deals with massive refugee problem created by WWII

What did the Cali Nurse Practice Act accomplish? -Relaxed restrictions on who could perform delegated functions in schools -Upheld the requirment for licensed nurses in schools to administer insulin shots -Authorized unlicensed school personnel to administer insulin shots -Reversed previous ruling requiring insulin shots in schools

Upheld the requirment of licensed nurses in schools to administer insulin shots

How does PHN communicate with policymakers?

Write letters, postcards, call providing real stories or examples of the issue

what social priniciples in the ANA code of ethics have specific stipulations for populations and communities? SATA -Respect regardless of social status -Compassion regardless of the nature of the health problem -dignity, regardless of economic status

all

In clients with active TB CHN case managment..

need to be indicated to ensure medication compliance and completion of tx to prevent the further spread of infection

The nurse is involved in supervision using the Incident Command System (ICS). THe nurse should recognize the following as functional areas of the system. (SATA) Operations Leadership Logistics Partnering Command

operations, logistics and command

The _______ for a disaster is the range of its effect, either geographically or in terms of the number of ppl impacted. Intensity Cause Scope Complexity

scope

Social justice refers to

sharing common burdens and advantages

Advocacy is a moral and professional responsibility and a fundamental role of nursing... T or F?

true

Being an effective advocate involves...

understanding legislative and legal resources