WELD 212 FINAL STUDY
Which of the below items should be monitored prior to initiation of welding operations: [select all that apply] -Groove and surface preparation, dimensions, and cleanliness -Alignment and fit-up -Quality of the root pass-Sequence of weld passes -Interpass cleaning -Welding procedures and machine settings
-Groove and surface preparation, dimensions, and cleanliness -Alignment and fit-up -Welding procedures and machine settings
Which of the below items should be monitored after welding operations: [select all that apply] -Interpass cleaning -Alignment and fit-up -Postweld heat treatment (PWHT) -Dimensional accuracy -Amount of distortion -Proper preheat and interpass temperatures
-Postweld heat treatment (PWHT) -Dimensional accuracy -Amount of distortion
Direct VT is performed when access is sufficient to place the eye within _____________ of the surface to be examined. 0-12in 12-24in 6-24in 4-28in
6-24in
To become an AWS CAWI you must achieve a _____________ minimum score on each part of the exam. 60% 72% 75% 80%
60%
To become an AWS CWI you must achieve a _____________ minimum score on each part of the exam. 60% 72% 75% 80%
72%
AWS D1.1 is not intended to be used for steels: >0.125 inch thickness >0.25 inch thickness <0.125 inch thickness <0.25 inch thickness
<0.125 inch thickness
AWS D1.1 is not intended to be used for steels: >100 KSI UTS >100 KSI YS <100 KSI UTS <100 KSI YS
>100 KSI YS
When reviewing a radiograph, a straight dark line in the center of the film of a weld cap would probably be:
A linear crack
Which of the following discontinuities would most likely be detected when performing an eddy current test? -A radial crack that extends to the outer surface of a rod. -A subsurface radial crack located at a depth of 0.25-in. in a 2-in. diameter steel rod. -A discontinuity located in the center of a 2-in. diameter aluminum rod. -A surface crack that lies parallel to the direction of eddy current flow.
A radial crack that extends to the outer surface of a rod.
In MT, an advantage of AC equipment over DC is:
AC makes the magnetic particles more mobile on the test surface
Nick-break test specimen are associated with which code and/or standard?
API 1104
Which of the following codes/standards are best suited for applications involving pressure containing components, such as pressure vessels and boilers? -ASNT SNT-TC-1A -ASME BPVC Section IX -AWS D1.1 -API 1104
ASME BPVC Section IX
According to API 1104, non-destructive testing personnel shall be certified in accordance with:
ASNT SNT-TC-1A
In MT, which of the following colors is readily available for magnetic particle test powder? -All -Red -Gray -Black
All
Which of the following tests can be used to judge the soundness of a weld? Fillet weld break test Face bend test Side bend test All
All
Which type(s) of UT sound wave modes will propagate through solids? -Surface -Shear -All -Longitudinal
All
Thoroughly and concisely explain the difference between the terms discontinuity and defect.
All defects are discontinuities, but not all discontinuities are defects. Discontinuities have a range of how big they can be and still be accepted. Once that discontinuity exceeds that range, it becomes a defect and is not an approved, adequate weld.
In eddy current testing, the instrument and coil assembly function together. The instrument applies a _____________ of a certain frequency to the coil.
Alternating current (AC)
An eddy current is a circulating electrical current induced in a conductive test specimen by:
An alternating magnetic field
Which of the following is not an approved API 1104 welding process? SAW Arc stud welding (SW) SMAW Flash butt welding
Arc stud welding
The two main concerns with welding on in-service pipelines are:
Burn through and hydrogen cracking
Which of the following are the two most common industrial gamma ray sources? -X-ray and Lead -Radium and Beryllium -Ir 192 and Beryllium 54 -Cobalt and Iridium
Cobalt and Iridium
What discontinuity is generally considered to be the most severe? Porosity Crack Incomplete fusion Incomplete penetration
Crack
A disadvantage of fluorescent magnetic particle testing is:
Darkened area and black light are required
_____________ is the process of reducing the residual magnetism to an acceptable level.
Demagnetization
The metal property that relates to a metal's deforming without failing is called:
Ductility
Which NDE method involves placing a circular coil carrying an alternating current close to an electrically conductive specimen? MT ET PT UT RT
ET
According to ASME BPVC Section IX, _____________ are those in which a change is considered to affect the mechanical properties of the weldment, and shall require requalification of the WPS.
Essential variables
Excessive weld metal buildup on a groove weld is referred to as: Excess face reinforcement Excess weld reinforcement Excess concavity Excess convexity
Excess weld reinforcement
You In radiographic testing using an x-ray machine, the tube current in milliamps multiplied by the duration in seconds or minutes equals which of the following? Density Exposure Kilovolts Intensity.
Exposure
If the ASNT SNT-TC-1A document is to be used, the "Written Practice" must be submitted to ASNT for approval. True False
False
Surface preparation is not an important step in destructive testing. True False
False
Magnetic particle testing is based on the principle that magnetic lines of force in a _____________ material are distorted by a distinct change in the continuity of the material. Non-ferromagnetic Ferromagnetic Electrically conductive Permeable
Ferromagnetic
The V-WAC gauge can measure all of the following except: -Fillet weld throat dimension -Undercut or pits -Outside misalignment -Reinforcement of butt welds-Surface porosity per linear inch -Compare surface porosity for size
Fillet weld throat dimension
In accordance with API 1104, automatic welding without filler metal shall be done using the _____________ process.
Flash butt welding
An ultrasonic testing method in which the parts to be inspected are placed in a water bath or some other liquid couplant is called:
Immersion testing
_____________ is the term which describes a joint root condition in a groove weld in which weld metal does not extend through the joint thickness. Incomplete penetration Incomplete Fusion
Incomplete penetration
ASNT-TC-1A requires each employer to establish a written practice. Which of the following is not part a written practice? Level of qualification Instructions on how to perform NDE methods Applicable NDE methods Certification requirements
Instructions on how to perform NDE methods
In a basic ultrasonic test, using contact testing with A scan presentation, the initial pulse:
Is the high signal or indication on the extreme left side of the display that represents the entry surface of the inspected part
A radiographic indication in a single V-groove weld, characterized by two parallel dark lines in the film image, would probably be caused by:
Lack of fusion
An ultrasonic test using a straight beam contact transducer is being conducted through the thickness of a flat part such as a plate. This test should detect:
Laminar-type flaws parallel to the surface
Which of the following discontinuities will not likely be revealed using RT? Undercut Lamination None will be seen with RT Porosity
Lamination
Which of the following is not a weld discontinuity? Incomplete fusion Underfill Laps and seams Incomplete penetration
Laps and seams
Demagnetization is typically the _____________ step in the magnetic particle testing process. First Second Fourth Last
Last
Eddy currents cannot be induced in:-Steel-Aluminum-Copper-Latex paint
Latex paint
_____________ NDE technicians should demonstrate proficiency in one or more limited methods. They should be able to determine whether an application passes or fails evaluation, and document the results. These technicians are able to set up, calibrate, store, and observe safety measures for one or more types of NDE equipment. These technicians must be supervised by technicians of a higher level. Level 1 Level II Level III
Level I
_____________ NDE technicians should demonstrate an advanced understanding of the abilities and weaknesses of their NDE methods. They should be familiar with the relationship between test standards and methods as well as internal and external codes and regulations. These technicians can set up and calibrate equipment as well as interpret results. They can supervise a team of lower level technicians and compile reports for presentation. Level 1 Level II Level III
Level II
In RT, most of the energy applied to an x-ray tube is converted into Ultraviolet radiation Heat X-Rays Light
Light
Which of the following is not an advantage of magnetic particle testing?-Can detect discontinuities filled with foreign material -Most reliable for finding surface cracks in all types of material -Portability -Fast and simple to perform
Most reliable for finding surface cracks in all types of material
In MT, magnetic lines of flux which are parallel to a discontinuity produce: -Fuzzy indications -No indications -Strong indications -Weak indications
No indications
According to ASME BPVC Section IX, _____________ are those in which a change may be made in the WPS without requalification.
Non-essential variables
To qualify for the AWS CWI exam you must have a combination of qualifying education and work experience.For example, if you have a Bachelor or higher degree in welding engineering or welding engineering technology, you must have _____________ years minimum of welding-based work experience. One Two Three Four Five
One
In RT, what is the primary difference between x-rays and gamma rays of the same energy? Wavelength Velocity Frequency Origin
Origin
AWS D1.1 is not intended to be used for base metals: -Other than carbon steels -Other than carbon and low-alloy steels -Other than low-alloy steels -Other than high strength low-alloy steels
Other than carbon and low-alloy steels
In RT, an advantage of a gamma ray source is: -Radiation may be turned on or off at will -Less shielding is required than for x-ray -Outside power is normally not required -All
Outside power is normally not required
A _____________ is a record of welding variables used to produce an acceptable test weldment and the results of tests conducted on the weldment to qualify a welding procedure specification. WPS PQR WPQ MTR
PQR
A WPS is supported by one or more successful _______. MTRs WPQs PSPs PQRs
PQRs
Which NDE method involves applying a brightly colored penetrant to the surface of ferrous or non-ferrous materials? UT MT PT RT ET
PT
Which discontinuities, planar or volumetric, are more challenging to detect with NDE? Why is this the case?
Planar flaws are difficult to detect due to the necessity for them to be in the correct orientation for each method of testing or the flaw will be missed.
Liquid penetrant testing is limited by its inability to test which of the following materials: -Molded rubber -Ceramics -Porous materials -Aluminum
Porous materials
Excess penetrant removal is a two step process with which of the following penetrant methods? -Solvent removable -Water washable -Post emulsifiable -Liquid oxygen applications
Post emulsifiable
Which NDE method is associated with radiation safety concerns? UT RT MT ET
RT
ANST-TC-1A is a: Standard Recommended Practice Specification Code
Recommended Practice
In RT, definition is defined as the measure of the_______of the outline of the image in a radiograph. Sensitivity Sharpness Latitude Density
Sharpness
Which of the below are advantages of radioactive isotopes?[select all that apply] -Small and portable -Penetrating power (kV) is adjustable -No electrical power required -Radiation can be shut off
Small and portable No electrical power required
A penetrant process in which excess penetrant is removed with an organic solvent is called:
Solvent removable
AWS D1.1 is a: -Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) -Structural welding code for steel -Standard for welding pipelines and related facilities -Structural welding code for aluminum
Structural welding code for steel
According to ASME BPVC Section IX, _____________ are required when impact testing is specified and are in addition to the essential variables.
Supplementary essential variables
In UT, another name for Rayleigh waves is:
Surface waves
Thoroughly and concisely explain how tensile testing provides information about the ductility of the test specimen.
Tensile testing creates a graph of the material's yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and breaking point. The yield strength is what shows the material's ductility. The steeper the slope, the less ductile the material is. If the slope is less steep, it is more ductile. The straight slope is the elastic deformation of the material. Once the material hits the yield strength, it becomes plastically deformed.
In accordance with ASNT SNT-TC-1A, what happens to certifications when employment is terminated? For example, a NDE Level II leaves company "A" and now works at company "B".
The certifications are revoked
The following is a statement in ASNT SNT-TC-1A: "It is recognized that these guidelines may not be appropriate for certain employers, circumstances and/or applications..."What should be done if the guidelines are not appropriate?
The employer should review detailed recommendations and modify them, as necessary, to meet its particular needs.
In radiographic testing, the shorter the wavelength of x-rays and gamma rays:
The higher their energy
In eddy currnt testing, the magnetic field generated by the probe is referred to as The secondary magnetic field The secondary impedance plane field The primary magnetic field The primary impedance field
The primary magnetic field
In liquid penetrant testing, which is the danger associated with using wire brush during pre-cleaning? Bristles from the wire brush may cause false indications The wire brush may close or smear over discontinuities open to the surface Contaminents from the wirebrush may cause delayed hydrogen cracking of high carbon steels The wire brush may not adequately remove organic soild
The wire brush may close or smear over discontinuities open to the surface
In most cases, remote VT may be substituted for direct VT. True False
True
It is possible to measure the thickness of non conductive coatings on conductive materials using eddy current testing. True False
True
Liquid penetrant testing can only be used to inspect for flaws that break the surface of the specimen. True False
True
To qualify for the AWS CWI exam you must have a combination of qualifying education and work experience.For example, if you have an Associate degree in welding or non-welding related engineering technology, engineering, or a physical science, you must have _____________ years minimum of welding-based work experience. One Two Three Four Five
Two
Time of flight difraction (TOFD) is a form of________. UT MT ET RT PT
UT
A_______is the demonstration of a welder or welding operator's ability to produce welds meeting prescribed standards. WPS PSP WPQ PQR
WPQ
The welder or welding operator needs access to the _____________ document; it must be at the work station. WPS PQR WPQ MTR
WPS
Which of the following penetrants contain an emulsifying agent? -Solvent removable -Post emulsifiable -Fluorescent -Water washable
Water washable
Magnetic particle testing can be used effectively to inspect which of the following materials? -Welds on aluminum -Materials properly qualified for use with E308 electrodes -Welds on A36 steel -Steel welds on stainless steel plate
Welds on A36 steel
Weld reinforcement is typically removed from bend specimens before testing. Routinely, this is done by grinding away excess material. Grinding can leave small notches which act as stress concentrators. Ideally, specimens should be notch-free. If any notches exist, which direction should they be oriented? Thoroughly and concisely explain your response.
When grinding, the direction of the notches should go the length of the test specimen pieces. Perpendicular to the weld, but parallel to the test pieces.
The wavelength of _____________ can be changed, which determines the penetrating power.
X-rays
The "offset method" is used for determining which property? Tensile strength Yield strength Ultimate tensile strength Fatigue strength
Yield strength
The point at which a metal's behavior changes from elastic to plastic is referred to as: Tensile strength Yield strength Ultimate tensile strength Fatigue strength
Yield strength
Which of the following is not a basic eddy current (probe) configuration? Yoke coil Internal coil Encircling coil Surface coil
Yoke coil
Which of the following is the correct definition of permeability? the ability of a material to retain a portion of the magnetic force induced in it after the magnetizing force has been removed reducing the residual magnetism to an acceptable level a measure of the ease with which a magnetic field or flux can be set up in a magnetic circuit the amount of magnetism remaining in a part after the magnetizing force is removed
a measure of the ease with which a magnetic field or flux can be set up in a magnetic circuit
Pre-cleaning of the specimen in liquid penetrant testing may be completed by : vapor degreasing all solvent type cleners ultrasonic cleaning
all of the above
In eddy current testing, as test frequency is decreased, the density of eddy currents on the surface _____________.
decreases
Which of the following is the correct definition of coercive force? reverse magnetizing force to bring the retained flux density to zero the amount of magnetism remaining in a part after the magnetizing force is removed strength of the magnetic field induced in a ferromagnetic body reducing the residual magnetism to an acceptable level
reverse magnetizing force to bring the retained flux density to zero
Which of the following is the correct definition of retentivity? the ability of a material to retain a portion of the magnetic force induced in it after the magnetizing force has been removed the amount of magnetism remaining in a part after the magnetizing force is removed the opposition of a magnetic material to the establishment of magnetic flux the field forced out into the air by the distortion of the field within a part caused by the presence of a discontinuity
the ability of a material to retain a portion of the magnetic force induced in it after the magnetizing force has been removed
Which of the following is the correct definition of reluctance? reducing the residual magnetism to an acceptable level the ability of a material to retain a portion of the magnetic force induced in it after the magnetizing force has been removed the opposition of a magnetic material to the establishment of magnetic flux the amount of magnetism remaining in a part after the magnetizing force is removed
the opposition of a magnetic material to the establishment of magnetic flux