Western Civ Chapter 13

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Spanish Armada

sent by Phillip II this fleet constituted a religious crusade against England

How did the calvinists understand the idea of work or labor?

hard work, well done, was pleasing to God and all work with a religious aspect was dignified

France supported the protestant princes of Germany in order to...

prevented Charles V from increasing his power

Anticlericalism

opposition to the clergy

Luther's idea about Roman exploitation of Germany...

appealed to the national sentiment of German princes

Edict of Nantes

document issued by Henry IV of France in 1598, granting liberty of conscience and of public worship to calvinists, restored peace

Why did Most ordinary poles oppose the Lutheran reform movement?

they held strong anti-german feelings

The overriding goal of the Catholic religious orders established in the sixteenth century was...

to combat heresy and Protestantism and to uplift the moral condition of both clergy and laity

In religious affairs, Elizabeth I of England followed a policy that...

was a middle course between Catholic and protestant extremes

Luther believed that the church consisted of...

a spiritual priesthood of all christian believers

Huguenots

French Calvinists

As a result of the Peace of Ausburg, the people of germany...

became either lutheran or Catholic depending on the preference of their prince

John Calvin rejected the idea of free will because he believed it would

detract from the sovereignty of God

The reformation in England was primarily the result of...

dynastic and romantic concerns of Henry VIII

How did Luther benefit from his appearance before the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at the diet of worms?

luther guaranteed the personal protection of the emperor for the rest of his life as long as he remained within imperial lands

The dissolution of the English monasteries...

resulted from Henry VIII's desire to confiscate their wealth

Which of the following best describes Martin Luther's doctrine of salvation?

salvation came through faith alone as a free gifts of God's grace

How did the closing of the monasteries and convents affect upper class women?

marriage became virtually the only occupation for upper-class women

Pilgrimage of Grace attested to ...

popular opposition, in northern England, to Henry VIII's reformation.

anticlericalism founded primarily on which of the following issues?

the immorality of priests who were drunkards and neglected the rule of celibacy

What was the fate of most people brought before the Inquisition and accused of witchcraft?

they are found guilty and executed

What new religious order for women emerged in the sixteenth century?

ursuline order

Indulgence

Catholic Church lessening penance or time in purgatory

Predestination

God has determined the salvation or damnation of individuals based on his will

The institutes of the Christian Religion

John Calvin's formulation of christian doctrine, which became a systematic theology for protestantism

What aided Martin Luther as his call for reform emerged?

Luther understood the power of the new printing press and authorized the publication of his works

What was the name given the catholic and huguenot moderates in France?

Politiques

How did the choice to embrace or reject the reform movement occur in a territory or region in the Holy Roman Empire?

The political leaders of the territory or region determined whether to introduce reforms

The Edict of nantes

granted French Huguenots the right to worship in 150 towns

why did Elizabeth I have her cousin and heir Mary Queen of scots, executed?

mary became implicated in a plot to assassinate Elizabeth

The calvinist doctrine of predestination led to a

mood of fatalism among Calvin's followers

Holy Office

official roman catholic agency founded in 1542 to combat international doctrinal heresy

Protestant

original name given to Lutherans, which came to mean all non- Catholics western christian groups

Jesuits

members of the society of jesus founded by ignatius loyola, whose goal was the spread of the roman catholic faith


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