WHAP Ch 10 Learning Curve P7

Which of the following statements best describes Western Europe in the early Middle Ages?

After the end of the Roman Empire in the West, Western Europe was politically fragmented and suffered a sharp decline in urban life.

Which of the following is true of the Coptic Christians of Egypt?

Before the Muslim conquest, the Byzantine rulers of Egypt viewed Coptics as heretics.

What does the Chinese Buddhist establishment during Tang dynasty China and the Christian Church in Western Europe around 1000 C.E. have in common?

Both became quite healthy.

Which of the following statements best describes Byzantium's encounter with the Arabs between 500 and 800 C.E.?

Byzantium lost considerable territories to the Arabs but survived the invasion.

Which important feature of fifteenth-century European ships was developed in Europe?

Cannon

Which important feature of fifteenth-century European ships was developed in Europe?

Cannons developed in Europe and, when mounted on ships, made them the most powerful military vessels in the world.

Which Germanic king created a large empire in Western Europe and was crowned as Roman emperor on Christmas Day, 800 C.E.?

Charlemagne

Which of the following statements best describes the history of Christianity in China before 1400 C.E.?

Christianity was practiced in China during the Tang dynasty and the period of Mongol rule, but withered away on both occasions.

What was the Byzantine Empire?

Continuation of the eastern half of the Roman Empire

These brothers were missionaries to the Slavs and their development of a script in which to write Slavic languages helped spread both Christianity and literacy.

Cyril and Methodius

Which script, based on Greek letters, became the alphabet used to write Slavic languages?

Cyrillic

What is Coptic Christianity?

Distinctive early Christian tradition that established itself in Egypt

Which Muslim holy building was constructed on the site of the first two Jewish temples in Jerusalem?

Dome of the Rock

Which of the following was a practice of the Eastern Orthodox Church but not the Western Roman Catholic Church?

Eastern Orthodox Christians were led by married priests, while Roman Catholic clergy were celibate.

Which African Christian community survived relatively intact between 500 and 1500 C.E.?

Ethiopian Christians

This region had the most advanced use of gunpowder in the world by c. 1500 C.E.

Europe

Which of the following statements best describes European technology in the late Middle Ages?

Europeans borrowed a great number of technological innovations and also created many of their own.

Which of the following is a distinctive feature of Ethiopian Christianity?

Fascination with Judaism and Jerusalem Ethiopian Christians were fascinated with Judaism and Jerusalem, and they believed their own king was a descendant of King Solomon.

Which of the following was an important factor that made political unity in Western Europe more difficult?

Geographic barriers

Which statement best describes the relationship between Germans and Roman culture in early medieval Western Europe?

Germans were quick to accept much of Roman culture. Germans were highly influenced by Roman culture, in everything from a preference for wine to legal systems and Christianity.

What were Beguines?

Groups of laywomen in northern Europe who devoted themselves to a religious life

The Dome of the Rock, pictured here, exemplifies

Islam's expansion and its effects on existing peoples.

Which of the following statements best describes the history of the Nubian Christian Church to 1500 C.E.?

It had largely disappeared by 1500 C.E. It was replaced by Islam.

Which of the following statements best describes Greek thought in the Islamic world after the thirteenth century?

It receded in importance, in favor of teaching that drew more directly from the Quran.

What was the typical pattern for conversion to Christianity in early medieval Western Europe?

It was a top-down strategy in which missionaries sought first to convert rulers.

Why did Jews view the site of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem as sacred?

It was believed to be the site where Abraham prepared to offer his son Isaac as a sacrifice to God.

Which of the following statements best describes the position of Western Europe in world history during the third-wave era?

It was distinctly on the margins of world history.

Why was the Champagne area of France important in the High Middle Ages?

It was home to major trade fairs where northern and southern European goods were exchanged.

What did Western Europe share with other third-wave civilizations like Japan, West Africa, and Russia?

It willingly borrowed from more established civilizations in order to catch up economically and technologically.

Which of the following is an example of syncretism between Christianity and Chinese faiths?

Jesus Sutras These texts showed syncretism between Christianity and the Chinese religions of Doaism and Buddhism.

Which sixth-century Byzantine emperor sought to reconquer the Mediterranean basin?

Justinian

Why did Emperor Justinian close the Plato's Academy in Athens in 529 C.E.?

Justinian viewed it as an outpost of paganism.

After the fall of Constantinople what city was declared the "third Rome" by some of its church leaders?

Moscow

What was the dominant sect of Christianity in Syria, Persia, Iraq, and China?

Nestorian branch of Christianity survived in Muslim Syria, Iraq, and Persia and even took root for a time in China.

What important intellectual development took shape in Western Europe during the eleventh century?

New emphasis on human reason as a means to penetrate divine mysteries

Which of the following agricultural innovations adopted by Northern Europeans during the Middle Ages probably originated in Central Asia or China?

New type of horse collar, along with iron horseshoes, allowed Europeans to use horses rather than oxen to plow their fields.

Which region of Europe was dominated by independent city-states in the fourteenth century?

Northern Italy These city-states were some of the wealthiest and most commercialized in Europe.

Which Germanic king overthrew the last Roman emperor in 476 C.E., bringing to its end the Roman Empire in the West?

Odoacer was the Germanic general who deposed the last Western emperor in 476 C.E.

Which ruler gathered much of Germany under his control in an attempt during the tenth century to revive the Roman Empire?

Otto I

Who conquered Constantinople in 1453 C.E.?

Ottoman Turks. -Conquest of Constantinople spelled the end of the Byzantine Empire.

Which theologian thoroughly integrated Aristotelian thought into a logical and systematic presentation of Christian doctrine in the thirteenth century?

Saint Thomas Aquinas was one of the greatest philosophers of the Middle Ages, whose theological texts fully integrated Aristotelian logic into the study of the Bible.

What was a critical factor that made Byzantine political culture different from that of Western Europe?

The Byzantine emperor's religious authority Unlike the West, where the Roman Catholic Church maintained some degree of independence, in Byzantium the emperor was also head of the church.

Why did Christianity increasingly become a European religion between 500 and 1500 C.E.?

The emergence of Islam reduced the number of Christians in Asia and Africa.

Which of the following statements best reflects access to the writings of ancient Greece in Western Europe between 500 and 900 C.E.?

There was little direct contact with Greek texts, although some Latin translations were available.

What was the Mongol attitude toward Christianity?

They appreciated Christianity's permissiveness regarding food and drink and a number of prominent Mongols converted.

Why did Nestorian Christians abandon their paintings and sculptures after 600 C.E.?

They did not want to offend the Muslim population of Syria, Iraq, and Persia.

What attitude did the Mongols take toward Christianity in their empire?

They welcomed Christians along with various other faiths.

Which of the following statements best describes the serfs of Medieval Europe?

They were peasant laborers bound to their masters' estates.

What did the Kievan Rus, the first state to form in the Slavic world, have in common with the first third-wave civilizations in Southeast Asia and East Africa?

They were stimulated by trade that passed through their regions. In the case of the Kievan Rus, it was trade between Byzantium and Scandinavia that sparked the state.

What stimulated the emergence of the Kievan Rus state in the ninth century?

Trade

Which of the following was the least significant development in Islamic history during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries?

Various Crusades The Crusades were the least important development, with these temporary incursions into Muslim lands being largely forgotten about until the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

This prince converted to Orthodox Christianity after sending emissaries to bring reports of Judaism, Islam, and both Eastern and Western Christianity, finding the splendor of the Byzantine Church most convincing.

Vladimir

Which Kievan Rus prince was the first to adopt Orthodox Christianity?

Vladimir

Which of the following was a practice of the Western Catholic Church but not of Eastern Orthodoxy?

Western Christians believed the pope to be the supreme authority over the church, while Eastern Christians didn't. By about the year 1000 C.E., Western Christians were united in seeing the pope as the final authority over the church; it was over this issue above all that the Western and Eastern Churches formally broke apart in 1054 C.E.

What important factor led to the decline of Christianity in Africa and Asia between 500 and 1500 C.E.?

emergence of Islam

During the Middle Ages, a group of people in the same line of work who associated together to regulate their trade was known as a

guild

How did the multi centered political system of Western Europe shape its society between 1000 and 1500 C.E.?

it gave rise to frequent wars

Which of the following statements best describes how Orthodox Christianity spread among the Rus?

it was adopted freely without coercion

What evidence from this image demonstrates that these Chinese are Christians?

palm leaves