what to listen to in music

Acopal

all voice no instrument

Octave

interval between two notes eight diatonic pitches apart the lower note vibrates half as fast as the upper and sounds an octave lower

Chorus

large group of singer performing together jazz

Opera

large scale music drum

Basso continuo

latlian for conutinous bass also refers to a performance group with a chordal instrument on bass moeldy

Da capo aria

lyric song in ternary or ABA form commonly found in opera cantatas and oratorios

Gregorian chant

melody with free flowing unmeasured vocal line liturgical chan of the roman catholic church also plainchant or plainsong

Troubador

musican

Orchestra

performing group of diverse instruments in various cultures in western art music and ensemble of multiple strings with various woodwind brass and perussion instrument

Homophony (homophonic texture)

texture with a principal melody and accompanying harmony as distinct from polyphony

Hildegard of Bingen

the 11th cenuntry spitual and health music church type is was from Germany

Texture

the interweaving of melodic horizontal and harmonic vertical elements in the musical fabric

Timbre

the quality of a sound that distinguish one voice or instruments from another also ton color

Tempo

the rate of speed or pace of music

Josquin des Prez

1450/1455 - 27 August 1521), often referred to simply as Josquin, was a French composer of the Renaissance.

Baroque era

1600-1750

Figured bass

Baroque practice consisting of an independent bass line that often includes numerals incating the harmony to be supplied by the performer also through-bass

Organum

Earliest kind of polyphonic music which developed from the custom of adding voice above a plainchant they first ran parallel to the chant at the interval of fifth or fourth and later moved freely

Chanson

French monophonic or polyphonic song especially of the middle age and renaissance set to either country or poplar poetry

Guillaume de Machaut

French poet in the 14 century and also a composer.

Oratorio

Large scale dramatic genere originating in the baroque based on regious text or serious character

Major scale

Middle c note

Motet

Polyphonic vocal genre often secular in the middle age but sacred or devotional thereafter

Beat

Regular pulsation a basic unit of length in musical time.

Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina

Renaissance composer of sacred music and the best-known 16th-century representative of the Roman School of musical composition. He had a lasting influence on the development of church music, and his work has often been seen as the culmination of Renaissance polyphony.

Scale

Series of pitches in ascending or descending order comparising the notes of key C major

Libretto

Text or script of an opera oratorio cantata or musical also called the book of music

variation

The compositional procedure of altering a preexisting musical idea. see also theme and variations

Tonic

The first note of the scale

Phrase

a musical unit, often a component of a melody very soft

Ground bass

a repeating melody usually in the bass throughout the vocal instrument composition

Mass (Ordinary and Proper)

central service of roman catholic church

Dissonance

combination of tones that sound discordant and unstable in need of resolution.

Consonance

concordant or harmonious combination of pitches that provides a sense of relaxations and stability in music

Chorale

congresgational hymm of the german Lutheran church

Dynamics

element of musical expression relating to the degree of loudness or softness or volume of a sound

Melody

flow of different notes, succession of single pitches perceived by the ear as a unity

Repetition

repeat of something

Cadence

resting place in a musical phrase, musical punctuation.

Meter

rhythm in time the grouping of beats into larger regular patterns notated as measure

Minor scale

same not as major but sixth note

Chord

simultaneous combination of three or more pitches that constitute a single block of harmony

Monody

singer with a company

Monophony (monophonic texture)

single line texture or melody without accompaniment

Recitative

solo vocal declamination that follows the inflections of text often resulting in a disjuct vocal style

aria

solo voice oin orchestral generally displaying a lot of emotion found in opera cantata and oratorio

contrast

the use of opposing musical elements to emphasize difference and variety

Polyphony (polyphonic texture)

two or more melodic lines combined into multivoiced texture as distinct from nonophonic

Harmony

two or more notes that sing good together

Cantata (sacred and secular)

vocal genre for solo singers chorus and instrumentalist based on lyric or dramatic poetic narrative it generally consist of several momovent including recitatives arias and ensemble numbers