World Civ Midterm Multiple Choice Quiz 18

The most successful _________ settlement in North America was in the subtropical district at the mouth of the Mississippi River in what is now Louisiana, where settlers with African slaves founded sugar plantations.

French

By the early seventeenth century, an elite of Spaniards who ___________, called Creoles, was in place to assist and then replaced Spanish administrators.

Had been born in the Americas.

__________ was the first institution of higher learning in North America, devoted to combatting antinomianism.

Harvard College

Felipe Guamán Poma de Ayala was one of several:

Native American and mestizo chroniclers, historians, and commentators.

Agriculture in the New World was ___________ during the sixteenth century.

Peripheral to the economy of the Spanish empire

The term "casta" or caste was a collective name used to draw distinctions among degrees of ___________.

Racial mixture

After Hernán Cortés arrived at the the city of ___________,he soon captured the emperor Moctezuma II who was forced to swear allegiance to Emperor Charles V.

Tenochtitlán

Between 250,000 and 1 million Taínos were killed when the Spanish came due to:

The Native Americans' lack of immunity against smallpox

What operated in Spanish and Portuguese colonies to limit the intermingling of Catholicism with traditional religion?

The Spanish Inquisition

Which of the following was not a Bourbon reform in the Spanish colonies?

The division of two viceroyalties into four.

The main impulse for the revivalist movement known as the "Great Awakening" of the 1730s and 1740s was:

The tour of the Methodist preachers John and Charles Wesley through Georgia.

As in Spain, the only income tax in New Spain was the __________.

Tithe paid to the church, which the administration, at times, used for its own purposes.

The Columbian Exchange characterizes the transfer of plants, animals, and ________ between the Americas and the rest of the world

diseases

To support the mining centers and administrative cities, the Spanish colonial government ___________ the development of agricultural estates (haciendas).

encouraged

The success of Cortés and Pizzaro spurred additional expeditions to find ___________.

gold

In the image above, Native Americans extracted silver from rock using the ______ method.

patio

In the 1540s the Spanish government introduced ___________ called repartimientos, which was a continuation of the mit'a system devised by the Inca for taxation.

rotating labor assignments

What gave the Spanish a military advantage over their Native American opponents?

they possessed steel weapons and armor

What from Eurasia had the largest impact on the Native American population?

whooping cough

The British colony of Georgia became:

A major plantation colony.

The Spanish captured the last emperor of the Aztecs, ________, in 1521 and executed him in 1525.

Cuauhtémoc

By the mid-16th century, the conquistadors shifted from looting Native American empires and towns to exploiting native labor in _______ and in agriculture.

Working silver, gold, and mercury mines

In 1690, the bishop of Puebla criticized the analysis of the Biblical incident of ____________ by Juana Inés de la Cruz in her own treatise.

Jesus's washing the feet of his disciples at the Last Supper.

After meeting Pizarro at the town square of Cajamarca in 1532, Atahualpa:

Was captured and his unarmed retainers murdered.

In Brazil, black freedmen and mulattoes:

Were farmers and craft producers.