World Geography Semester 1 Final 9th Grade

Hydrosphere

All the water on earth

European Union

An international organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members.

Longitude

Distance east or west of the prime meridian, drawn up and down

Toronto

Major City in Core Provinces

Rapid Population Pyramid

• wide base • few older people • large percentage of population entering reproductive years

Prime Meridian

0 degrees longitude

Pros of Globalization

1) Better Job Opportunities 2) Avoidance Of Wars 3) Technology 4) Culture 5) Trends 6) Cheaper Products

Cons of Globalization

1) Viruses 2) Pollution 3) Child Labor 4) Drugs 5) Sweatshops

What land from is Mexico?

A Land Bridge

El Nino

A climate pattern that describes the unusual warming of surface waters in the eastern equatorial pacific ocean. ex : peru

rain shadow

A dry area on the downwind side of a mountain / region having little to no rain or wind because of mountain ranges

Pull Factors

A factor that draws or attracts people to another location

Crusades

A long series of wars between Christians and Muslims over the land of Jerusalem

Mississippi River

A major North American river and the chief river of the United States, longest river in the U.S. runs through Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Louisiana

Quebec

Core Provinces

Latitude

Distance north or south of the equator, drawn left-right

What countries does the North Sea touch?

England, Scotland, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium and France

How were Northern European landforms formed?

Glaciers that formed during the last ice age

GDP

Gross Domestic Product- the total market value of all final goods and services produced annually in an economy

Declining Population Pyramid

Low Birth Rate - Low Death Rate

Immigration

Migration to a new country/location permantly

Canada Atlantic Provinces

New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland and Labrador. Subartic, Tundra, Humid Continental Climate. Devolping & Supplying Hydroelectric power. Rugged Terrian, Heavy Forest, Waterways, Minig

Canada Pacific Provinces and Territories

Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and Yukon. Highland Mariane west coast, subartic, and Tundra climate. Creation of Nunavut, land claim issues.

Scandinavian Peninsula

Norway, Sweden, Denmark

Canada Core Provinces

Ontario, Quebec, Ottawa, and Toronto. Subartic,Tundra, Humid continental climate. English French class in this region. Independence from Quebec. 35% of agriculture mineral resources. 70% of manufacturing fiancing center of canada

Vancouver

Pacific Provinces

What countries does the Mediterranean Sea touch?

Spain, France, Italy, Malta, Monaco, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, and Greece.

How does the Alps effect the climate on South Europe

The Alps block wind and rainfall`

Leeward

The direction away from the wind. Opposite of windward.

Absolute Location

The exact position of a place on the earth's surface.

Windward

The side of a mountain range that faces the oncoming wind. upwind

Plate Tectonics

The theory that pieces of Earth's lithosphere is broken into pieces that are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle.

Push Factors

a factor that causes people to leave their homelands and migrate to another region

Climographs

a graphical representation of a location's basic climate

Ring of Fire

a path along the Pacific Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes.

Welfare State

a state that assumes primary responsibility for the social welfare of its citizens

Underground Railroad

a system of secret routes used by escaping slaves to reach freedom in the North or in Canada

Mixed economy

an economic system combining private and public enterprise.

free enterprise

an economic system in which private business operates in competition and largely free of state control.

Decidous Trees

broad-leaved with wide flat leaves, often round shape. lose their leaves at the end of the growing season

Market Economy

economic system in which decisions on production and consumption of goods and services are based on voluntary exchange in markets

Steady Population Pyramid

populations that are not growing.rectangular shape,

Ottawa

the capital of Canada (located in southeastern Ontario across the Ottawa river from Quebec) Core provinces

Atmopshere

the layer of gases surrounding Earth

Globalization

the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.

Urbanization

the process of making an area more urban

Biosphere

the region of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth occupied by animals

Lithosphere

the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.

Midnight Sun

the sun is seen at midnight during the summer in either the artic or antartic circle.

Equinox

the time or date (twice each year) at which the sun crosses the celestial equator, when day and night are of equal length (about September 22 and March 20).

Biodiversity

the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

What is ecotourism?

tourism directed toward exotic, often threatened, natural environments, intended to support conservation efforts and observe wildlife.

Coniferous Trees

trees that produce their seeds in cones and have leaves shaped like needles