World Geography Unit 3 Test

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Cordillera

Parallel chains or ranges of mountains

How does climate affect human activities in South America?

Positive- tropical represent a tremendous resource and supports man communities Negative- coastal weather, fishing and agriculture

Conquistador

Spanish for "conqueror"; Spanish soldier who participated in conquest of indigenous peoples of Latin America

Altiplano

Spanish for "high plain," a region in Peru and Bolivia encircled by the Andes

Which groups conquered South America during the 1600s-1800s?

Spanish, French, and Portuguese

sustainable development

Technological and economic growth that does not deplete the human and natural resources of a given area

What are three water systems in Mexico?

The Lerma River- feeds into Lake Chapala Lake Chapala- larger natural lake in Mexico The Gulf of Mexico- supports diverse sea life including a manatee, famous for shrimp and supplies for the fishing industry.

Describe the concept of brain drain and how it relates to the countries of South America.

The brain drain is the loss of highly educated and skilled workers to other countries. It relates to the countries because the workers are leaving South America to North America and Europe to search for a better life

Why does Mexico have few major rivers and natural lakes?

The climate is dry and the volume of water is not collected

Monoculture

The cultivation or growth of a single crop over a wide area for a consecutive number of years

Why are Mexico's resources in jeopardy?

The ecosystems are experiencing the effects of global climate change and environmental destruction.

Name and describe the two inland grassland areas of South America.

The llanos are fertile grasslands found in inland areas of Colombia and Venezuela. Llanos are used for animals. Pampas are grassy, treeless plains of southern South America

Describe the llanos and the Atacama. Include the climates of the regions and any adaptations that plants and animals must have to survive.

The llanos are fertile grasslands(tropical and wet easy for plants and animals to survive) and the Atacama are Desert areas that are so arid no rainfall has ever been recorded there is cactus/succulents animals would have to search harder for water sources

Land subsidence

The sinking or settling of a land to a lower level in response to various natural and human caused factors

Gross domestic product (GDP)

The value of goods and services produced within a country in a year

How are South America's rivers important for economic development?

They Provide ways of transport goods and people within and between the countries of South America

How has South America's physical geography influenced its population patterns?

Through the steady growth of the population and the migration of people into large, urban areas, and climates, transportation, fertile land, and fishing

How do human activities impact Mexico's economy?

When people achieve a new economic status they invest in material goods such as electronics and cars

How are oxisols formed in soil?

When too much of the natural vegetation cover is removed and when erosion happens and humidity also plays a factor

Megacity

a great city that is made up of several large and small cities

Cash crop

farm product grown to be sold or traded rather than be used by the farm family

Quipu

knotted cords of various lengths and colors used by the Inca to keep financial records

Brain drain

the loss of highly educated and skilled workers to other countries

Deforestation

the loss or destruction of forests, mainly for logging or farming

What is a vertical climate zone and what is an example?

A vertical climate zone is a climate zone that occurs as elevation increases, with its own natural vegetation and crops. An example is Tierra Helada

What influenced Mexico's political and social structures?

Diverse cultures, languages, and civilizations among the indigenous peoples of Mexico

How have South America's abundant natural resources contributed to its economic development?

Good on contributing global change, heavily dependent on natural resources, trade agreements (the trade the timber from the rainforests) and extract resources

Pampas

Grassy, treeless plains of southern South America

What factors shaped Mexico's population patterns?

Having multiple languages, belief systems, and introductions of new cultures

Extended family

Household made up of several generations of family members

How does climate affect human activities in Mexico?

If the climate provides enough water for farming, it affects where people settle.

Describe how mining has affected the environments of South America.

Illegal mining damage the natural land and water features also takes away nutrients in the ground

How has Mexico's place in the global economy changed?

In 1992, Mexico, the United States, and Canada signed the North American Free Trade Agreement and it focuses on manufacturing

Maquiladora

In Mexico, a manufacturing plant owned by a foreign country

How have indigenous peoples and Europeans contributed to the creation of modern governments in South America?

Indigenous people live virtually untouched by the influence of other cultures or modern technology and are inspired by American and French Revolution for freedom

How has the management of forest and agricultural resources impacted the environment in South America?

Issues such as deforestation, soil erosion, desertification and pollution have been significant problems for all countries in South America. They also have been taking advantage of resources to increase economic status and health

Why does urban growth and industrialization create environmental problems in South America?

It created environmental pollution for example many poor immigrants have settled in favelas that are disconnected from established city services and have problematic sewage and unrestricted residential growth. Also there is overpopulation and using resources

What is sustainable development and how does it pertain to Mexico?

It is the sinking or settling of a land to a lower level in response to various natural and human caused factors. It pertains to Mexico by the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action plan

Describe South America's contributions to the arts. Include specific examples from the lesson.

Massive buildings of the ancient Incas that reveal a mastery of stone and engineering that are still studied today for their ingenuity, weaving, ceramics, and metalworking are passed down from generations to generation. Dances like Argentine tango

How is Mexico City both a megacity and a primate city?

Mexico City absorbed both smaller cities and is is also the cultural and economic center of Mexico

What are notable examples of a cultural practices in Mexico?

Murals, especially the elaborate ones painted by Diego Rivera, mosaics, and most Mexicans identify themselves as Catholics

Escarpment

A steep cliff or slope between a higher and lower land surface

Land bridge

A strip of land that connects two large landmasses, enabling migration of plants and animlas to new areas

Oxisol

A thick weathered soil of the humid tropics that is largely depleted of fertility and nutrients

Syncretism

A blending of beliefs and practices from different religions into one faith

Primate city

A city that dominates a country's economy, culture, and government and in which population is concentrated; usually the capital

Vertical climate zones

A climate zone that occurs as elevation increases, with its own natural vegetation and crops

Free trade zone

An area of a country in which trade restrictions do not apply

How has South America's rugged landscape both attracted and isolated people?

Attracted- the volcanic soil is good for agriculture, natural resources are concentrated there, and there are cooler temps Isolated- cordilleras have been established natural barriers around people, its harder to cross and many natural disasters

Why is South America one of the world's most culturally diverse areas?

Because many indigenous cultural groups inhabit the subregion, especially in rural or less populated areas, spanish and Portuguese people were the first ones who inhabited there, enslaved African Americans came next

Why is the Mexican Plateau considered the heartland of Mexico?

Because the majority of the population lives in the plateau, and there is also better climates and fertile soils to provide food

How are governments in Mexico addressing environmental issues?

By creating the Border 2020 program which is an environmental program that emphasizes regional and local approaches for decision making, priority setting and project implemation. They also created the reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation program and the Muévete en Bici.

How does Mexico manage its resources?

By developing the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action plan in 2000/ It conserves and protects biodiversity components, it values the different components of biodiversity, promotes knowledge of biodiversity and encourages sustainable and diversified uses of biodiversity components

How are people and governments addressing environmental issues in South America?

By passing the zero deforestation law in 2004 tha prohibits forested areas from being converted to landscapes

Uneven development

Condition in which some places do not benefit as much as others from social and economic advancements

What are important resources for trading in Mexico?

Copper, silver, petroleum, and avocados

How does the Mexican society and culture reflect the country's colonial past?

Family and status of women, through art the past is revealed through murals, conquerors asserted their power until Mexico declared Independence.

Llanos

Fertile grasslands found in inland areas of Colombia and Venezuela

Mestizo

Refers to people of mixed indigenous and European descent

Seismic

Relating to or caused by an earthquake


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