World History Chapter 7 - The Hebrews and Judaism

Where did the Hebrews flee to because of famine?

Egypt

What is the Exodus?

the journey of the Hebrews out of Egypt and into Canaan

How did pharaoh handle his fear about the Hebrews?

the made them slaves

Who are the zealots?

the most rebellious of the Jews who refused to pray to the Roman gods

The name of the Hebrews' religion

Judaism

What is the world's oldest religion and possibly the first monotheist religion?

Judaism

Sometime between ______________________ a new people, the Hebrews (HEE-brooz), ancestors of the Israelites and Jews appeared in Southwest Asia.

2000 and 1500 BC

God promised to lead this man to a new land and make his descendants a mighty nation

Abraham

The Bible traces the Hebrews back to a man named ____

Abraham

Why did Abraham leave Mesopotamia?

According to the Bible, God told Abraham to leave and move to a new land called Canaan.

What was Solomon known for?

David's son Solomon (SAHL-uh-muhn) took the throne in about 965 BC. he expanded the kingdom with trade by making allies, including Egypt and Phoenicia. Trade with these allies made Israel very rich. With these riches, he was able to build a great temple.

According to the Hebrew Bible where did God tell Abraham to settle?

Canaan

Abraham left Mesopotamia and settled in

Canaan (KAY-nuhn), on the Mediterranean Sea.

To escape slavery, Moses led the Hebrews out of this country

Egypt

True or False: Hebrew women had very few rights but were allowed to inherit land even if they had brothers

False

True or False: Passover is a celebration of the Diaspora

False

True or False: The Jews worshipped many gods

False

How did Roman rule affect Jewish society?

Jewish society experienced many great advances, such as in religious education. However, the Jews were still unhappy with Roman rule.

Judaism has influenced many other religions, including Christianity and ___

Islam

What is the name of the 2 kingdoms Israel divided into?

Israel (the North) and Judah (the South) The people of Judah became known as Jews.

Why was the Exodus a significant event in Israelite history?

Israelites believed it proved God loved and was protecting them.

What is the Babylonian Captivity?

It is the period in Jewish history during which a number of people from the ancient Kingdom of Judah were captives in Babylonia.

While David was king, he built Israel's capital in this city

Jerusalem

Tired of foreign rule, a Jewish family called the _________ led a successful revolt in the 160s BC. For about 100 years, the Jews again ruled their own kingdom.

Maccabees (MA-kuh-beez)

Who had more rights in Israelite society, men or women?

Men had more rights because Israelite women had to obey their fathers and husbands.

God told this man to lead the Hebrews out of Egypt in 1200s BC

Moses

Who demanded that pharaoh free the Hebrews?

Moses

What was life like for most Israelite women?

Most women had few rights and had to obey their fathers and husbands, but some Hebrew women made great contributions to their society.

The Hebrew woman who was a model of devotion to one's family

Ruth

How did Ruth and Naomi set an example for other Israelites?

Ruth's devotion to Naomi served as a model for how to treat family members.

Who was the first king of Israel?

Saul - he was successfull as a military commander, but he wasn't a strong king. He never won the total support of tribal and religious leaders. They often fought against his decisions.

The king of the Israelites after David

Solomon

The temple in Jerusalem was built by____

Solomon

God gave Moses two stone tablets on a mountain called Sinai - _________ a code of moral laws written on two stone tablets

Ten Commandments

What happened during the Babylonian Captivity?

The Chaldeans captured Jerusalem, destroyed Solomon's Temple, and enslaved many Jews.

Why did the Israelites unite under a king?

The Israelites needed a single ruler to help them band together against the invading Philistines.

Who was Abraham?

The man to which the Hebrew Bible traces back Hebrew ancestry.

Women had few rights.

They had to obey their fathers and their husbands. A woman couldn't even choose her own husband. Instead, her husband was chosen by her father.

How did David and Solomon strengthen the kingdom of Israel?

They ruled with the full support of tribal leaders, conquered enemies, and added land.

EXODUS

To the Israelites, the release from slavery proved that God was protecting and watching over them. They believed that they had been set free because God loved them.

the most sacred text in Judaism

Torah

True or False: The Dead Sea Scrolls were found by a young boy exploring a cave near the Dead Sea

True

True or False: Two of the most sacred High Holy Days are Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur

True

The Jews' worship of ____ set them apart from most people in the ancient world

Yahweh

The most holy day of the Jewish year when they ask God for forgiveness of their sins

Yom Kippur

What is the Torah?

a Holy Book of Judaism that includes 5 sacred books

the scattering of the Jews outside of Canaan

diaspora

Who is David?

he became king after Saul and was a sheherd, known to be a fair man loved by the people. was famous for slaying the Philistine giant Goliath.

Because Hebrew women had few rights

her husband was chosen for her by her father

The Dead Sea Scrolls help scholars learn about

how the Jews lived 2000 years ago

A common behavior today which comes from the idea of honoring the Sabbath

many people do not work on the weekends

the central beliefs of Judaism are belief in God, education, justice, and

obedience

The ____ of Egypt let the Israelites leave his land because he feared more plagues would be sent by their God

pharaoh

What are the Dead Sea Scrolls?

prayers, letters and passages of the Hebrew Bible

People who receive a message from God

prophets

religious teachers

rabbis

a Jewish house of worship

synagogue

What did the pharaoh fear about the Hebrews?

that they would become too powerful

Who conquered both Israel and Judah?

the Chaldeans

The Jews remember this event when they celebrate Passover

the Exodus

Where does most of the information known about the early Hebrews come from?

the Hebrew Bible

What did the Hebrews call themselves once they were in Canaan?

the Israelites

By accepting the Ten Commandments...

the Israelites agreed to worship only God.

How did David and Solomon strengthen the kingdom of Israel?

the Israelites had faith in King David and his son King Solomon. They brought stability and wealth to them. the capital of Israel was established and a temple to God was built in Jerusalem and became a place of religious life and their faith.

The Hebrew Bible is largely the same as

the Old Testament of the Christian Bible

What is the name of the "code" for the Israelites that Moses received from God?

the Ten Commandments

What does the Hebrew Bible include?

the Torah, Proverbs and the Book of Psalm

monotheism means

the belief in only one god

What were some of the Jewish beliefs?

the importance of education, justice, righteousness, obedience, and law

What is diaspora?

the scattering of the Jews outside of Israel and Judah

What is monotheism?

the worship of one God

What happened after King Solomon died?

there was a riot and the kingdom divided

What did the Romans due in response to the zealots?

they killed most of the Jewish population and destroyed Solomon's temple

Why did the Israelites unite under a king?

they were being threatened by the Philistines